Table of Contents:
“...1 Introduction to Optimization Modeling for Petroleum Refineries -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Overview of Refining
Processes -- 1.2.1 Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation -- 1.2.2 Hydroprocessing -- 1.2.3 Sulfur Recovery -- 1.2.4 Reforming -- 1.2.5 Isomerization -- 1.2.6 Blending -- 1.3 Overview of Refinery Optimization Modeling -- 1.3.1 Refinery Optimization Systems, Techniques, and Tools -- 1.3.2 Modeling for Advanced
Process Control -- 1.3.3 Modeling for Real-Time Optimization -- 1.3.4 Modeling for
Process Simulation -- 1.3.4.1 Modeling for Dynamic Simulation -- 1.3.4.2 Modeling for Operator Training Simulation -- 1.3.5 Modeling for Planning and Scheduling -- 1.3.5.1 Systems Implementation -- 1.3.5.2 Optimization of Crude Oil Scheduling -- 1.3.5.3 Refinery Management -- 1.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 2
Basic Petroleum Refinery Economics -- 2.1 Refinery Economics Overview -- 2.1.1 Refinery Profitability -- 2.1.2 Refinery Margins -- 2.1.3 Refinery Margin Calculations -- 2.1.4 Refinery Margin Trends -- 2.1.5 Refinery Margin Improvement -- 2.2 Marginal Economics for Incremental Optimization -- 2.3 Refinery Economic Analysis -- 2.3.1 Refinery Value Determination -- 2.3.2 Refinery Economic Evaluation -- 2.3.2.1 Simple Example -- 2.3.2.2 Advanced Example -- 2.3.2.3 Further Example -- 2.3.3 Refinery Contracts -- 2.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Superstructure Representation -- 3.1 Introduction to Superstructures -- 3.2 Types of Superstructure Representation -- 3.3 State-Task Network Superstructure Representation -- 3.4 State-Equipment Network Superstructure Representation -- 3.5 Resource-Task Network Superstructure Representation -- 3.6 Superstructure Generation -- 3.7 Other Superstructure Representations -- 3.7.1 State-Space Network Superstructure Representation -- 3.7.2 Unit Operation-Port-State Superstructure Representation -- 3.7.3 Bond Graph Superstructure Representation -- 3.8 Superstructure Representation Example for Naphtha
Processing -- 3.9 Chapter Summary -- References -- 4 Modeling Framework -- 4.1 Modeling of Mixed Continuous and Integer Decision Variables -- 4.2 Superstructure Optimization Modeling -- 4.3 Constructing Superstructures -- 4.4 Modeling of Superstructure Representations -- 4.5 Modeling of Discrete Decisions and Logical Relations -- 4.5.1 Propositional Logics for Superstructure Optimization Modeling -- 4.5.2 Logical Binary Variables -- 4.5.3 Yes/No Type Binary Variables -- 4.5.4 Disjunctive Optimization Modeling -- 4.6 Modeling of
Process Units and Operations -- 4.6.1
Process Design Procedure -- 4.6.2 Selecting Modeling Variables -- 4.6.3 Formulating Simple Models -- 4.6.4
Basic Unit Models -- 4.6.4.1 Mixer -- 4.6.4.2 Splitter -- 4.6.4.3 Separator -- 4.6.4.4 Valve -- 4.6.4.5 Multicomponent Splitter -- 4.6.5 Unit Operation Models -- 4.6.5.1 Compressor -- 4.6.5.2 Furnace -- 4.6.5.3 Conversion Reactor -- 4.6.5.4 Heat Exchanger -- 4.6.6 Information Flow Modeling -- 4.6.6.1 Information Flow Diagram -- 4.6.6.2 Choice of Design Variables -- 4.6.6.3 Equation Ordering -- 4.7 Modeling for Numerical Studies -- 4.8 Chapter Summary -- References -- 5 Model Formulation and Implementation -- 5.1 Mathematical Formulation -- 5.2 Generic Optimization Model Formulation for Refinery Planning -- 5.2.1 Objective Function -- 5.2.2 Production Capacity and Expansion Constraints -- 5.2.3 Mass Balances -- 5.2.4 Demand Constraints -- 5.2.5 Availability Constraints -- 5.2.6 Non-Negativity Constraints -- 5.3 Generic Optimization Model Formulation for Refinery Design -- 5.3.1 Material Balances -- 5.3.2 Mixed-Integer Logical Constraints -- 5.3.3 Logical Constraints on Design and Structural Specifications -- 5.3.4 Logic Propositional Constraints on Design Specifications -- 5.3.4.1 Example 1 -- 5.3.4.2 Example 2 -- 5.3.5 Logic Propositional Constraints on Structural Specifications -- 5.3.6 Generalized Disjunctive
Programming -- 5.4 Numerical Implementation for
Computational Experiments -- 5.5
Computational Experiment Examples -- 5.5.1 MILP Model Results -- 5.5.2 GDP Model Results -- 5.6 Chapter Summary -- References -- 6 Solution Strategies -- 6.1 Convex Relaxation -- 6.2 Lagrangean Decomposition -- 6.3 Global Optimization Techniques -- 6.3.1 Branch and Reduce -- 6.3.2 Spatial Branch and Bound -- 6.3.3 Hybrid Branch and Bound -- 6.3.4 Interval Analysis -- 6.3.5 Extended Cutting Plane -- 6.4 Advancements in Commercial Integer Optimization Solvers -- 6.4.1 Overview -- 6.4.2
Computational Performance of Commercial Integer Optimization Solvers -- 6.4.3 A Commercial Success Story: CPLEX Integer Optimization Solver -- 6.4.4 Solution Methods and Algorithms -- 6.4.4.1 Integer Optimization Algorithms -- 6.4.4.2 Branch and Bound -- 6.4.4.3 Presolve and Cutting Planes -- 6.4.4.4 Heuristics -- 6.4.4.5 Combined Local Search and Heuristics -- 6.4.4.6 Parallelization -- 6.4.4.7 Solution Pools -- 6.4.4.8 Tuning Tools -- 6.4.5 Application Examples -- 6.4.5.1 Example 1: Energy Optimization -- 6.4.5.2 Example 2: Financial Optimization -- 6.4.5.3 Example 3: Manufacturing Optimization -- 6.4.5.4 Concluding Remarks -- 6.5 Chapter Summary -- References -- 7 Industrial Case Studies with Business-Centric Techno-Commercial Considerations -- 7.1 Industrial Case Study 1: Refinery Configuration for Heavy Oil
Processing -- 7.1.1 Background -- 7.1.2 Problem Statement -- 7.1.3 Model Formulation -- 7.1.4 Numerical Example -- 7.1.5 Concluding Remarks -- 7.2 Industrial Case Study 2: Refinery Configuration for Whole Complex
Processing -- 7.2.1 Model Formulation -- 7.2.1.1 Superstructure Representation -- 7.2.1.2 Logic Propositions -- 7.2.1.3 Objective Function -- 7.2.2
Computational Results -- 7.2.2.1
Computational Results and Discussion -- 7.2.2.2 Model Validation -- 7.2.2.3 Application Extension to Refinery Upgrade Studies -- 7.2.2.4 Sensitivity Analysis -- 7.2.3 Concluding Remarks -- 7.3 Industrial Case Study 3: Refinery Configuration for Naphtha Upgrading -- 7.3.1 Problem Statement -- 7.3.2 Propositional Logics and Logic Cuts in
Process Synthesis Problems -- 7.3.3 Logical Constraints -- 7.3.3.1 General Formulation -- 7.3.3.2 Logical Constraints on
Processing Alternatives of Naphtha for Petroleum Refineries -- 7.3.4
Computational Experience -- 7.3.5 Concluding Remarks -- 7.4 Chapter Summary -- References -- 8 Industrial Case Studies with Environmental-Centric Techno-Commercial Considerations -- 8.1 Industrial Case Study 1: Refinery Configuration with Environmental Considerations -- 8.1.1 Background -- 8.1.2 Problem Statement -- 8.1.3 Model Formulation -- 8.1.3.1 Superstructure Representation -- 8.1.3.2 Material Balance Constraints -- 8.1.3.3 Logical Constraints -- 8.1.3.4 Logic Propositions -- 8.1.3.5 Environmental Performance Assessment for Risk Evaluation of Flowsheets -- 8.1.3.6 Objective Function -- 8.1.4 Numerical Example -- 8.1.5 Concluding Remarks -- 8.2 Industrial Case Study 2: Refinery Configuration with Heat Integration -- 8.2.1 Problem Statement -- 8.2.2 Superstructure Representation -- 8.2.3 Modeling and
Computational Strategy -- 8.2.4 Model Formulation -- 8.2.4.1 Flowsheet Optimization -- 8.2.4.2 Heat Integration Constraints -- 8.2.4.3 Objective Function -- 8.2.5
Computational Results -- 8.2.6 Concluding Remarks -- 8.3 Chapter Summary -- References -- 9 Industrial Case Studies with Engineering-Centric Techno-Commercial Considerations -- 9.1 Industrial Case Study 1: Refinery Configuration for High-Octane Fuel Production -- 9.1.1 Catalytic Reforming
Process -- 9.1.2
Data Reconciliation Method -- 9.1.3 Problem Statement -- 9.1.4 Model Formulation -- 9.1.4.1
Data Reconciliation Model -- 9.1.4.2 Feed Characterization -- 9.1.4.3 Reactor Representation -- 9.1.4.4 Reactor Pressure Balance -- 9.1.4.5 Reaction Kinetic Tuning -- 9.1.4.6 Reactor Switch in Cyclic Reformer -- 9.1.4.7 Measurement Models -- 9.1.5 Results and Discussion -- 9.1.5.1 Key
Process Variables -- 9.1.5.2 Tuning Strategies -- 9.1.5.3 Reformate Yields -- 9.1.5.4 Reactor Total Endotherms -- 9.1.6 Concluding Remarks -- 9.2 Industrial Case Study 2: Refinery Configuration for Low-Benzene Fuel Production -- 9.2.1 Problem Statement -- 9.2.2 Superstructure Representation -- 9.2.3 Model Formulation -- 9.2.4 Preliminary
Computational Results -- 9.3 Chapter Summary -- References -- Summary and Conclusions....
”
Call Number:
Loading...
Located:
Loading...
Connect to the full text of this electronic book
eBook
