http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
New opioid receptor modulators and agonists
relevance for pain and opioid use disorder management
New Opioid Receptor Modulators and Agonists: Relevance for Pain and Opioid Use Disorder Management provides crucial insights for developing ideal synthetic opioids. It discusses opioid receptor modulators' structures and mechanisms, and their potential applications in treating pain, misuse, and addiction. This comprehensive resource delves into current research and therapeutic development avenues regarding opioid receptors' structure and function. Sections cover the rationale for developing allosteric modulators, identifying allosteric sites on opioid receptors, and the modulators' modes of action. Readers will gain a thorough understanding of creating ideal synthetic opioids and potential future research. It also explores pharmacogenomics, precision medicine, and various syndromes and comorbidities linked to opioid use. Lastly, it reviews novel synthetic opioids and the risks of misuse and overdose.
Front Cover -- NEW OPIOID RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND AGONISTS -- NEW OPIOID RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND AGONISTS: RELEVANCE FOR PAIN AND OPIOID USE DISORDER MANAGEMENT -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- I-The opioid receptor system and novel aspects of opioid pharmacology -- 1 -- Complexities of opioid receptor function: Evolving understanding of opioid receptor classification and basic ch ... -- Introduction -- Basics pharmacologic and physiologic properties of opioids -- Historical evolution and relevance -- Types of opioid receptors, their mechanisms, and their effects -- Opioid receptor signaling -- Receptor types and subtypes -- Roles and functions -- Overview -- Analgesia -- Stress response -- Reward and addiction -- Neuroprotection and cardioprotection -- Immune function -- Differing pharmacogenetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetic properties of opioids among different individuals -- Introducing pharmacogenetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics -- The role of pharmacogenetics -- Genetic differences in opioid response -- Definition of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics -- Factors affecting opioid response -- Importance of tailoring opioid therapy -- Genetic variability in opioid receptors -- Pain state-specific adjustments -- Opioid pharmacodynamics -- Receptor effects and genetic influences -- Opioid pharmacokinetics -- Genetic polymorphisms and drug metabolism -- Opioids metabolized by CYP3A4 and/or CYP2D6 -- Opioids metabolized by hepatic glucuronidation -- Relating receptor function to specific drug application in pain management -- Opioid receptors as targeted by pharmacologic therapies -- Mu -- Delta -- Kappa -- Additional information -- Other factors affecting opioid properties -- Intravenous versus oral administration -- Transport protein effects -- Understanding the application.
Conclusion -- References -- 2 -- Allostery at opioid receptors: Modulation with small molecular ligands -- Introduction -- Background of receptor-ligand interactions at opioid receptors -- Structural features of opioid receptors -- Ligands at opioid receptors -- Receptor-ligand interactions -- Allosteric modulation of opioid receptors -- Definition -- Probe dependence and actions of allosteric modulators -- previous research -- Prevention and self-care -- Global impact and challenges of opioid abuse -- Future directions, novel studies, and research studies -- Specific allosteric ligands -- Allosteric modulators -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 -- Opioid agonist and antagonist pharmacology: A comprehensive overview for clinicians and scientists -- Background -- Historical evolution/trends -- Pharmacology -- Clinical considerations -- Future directions -- Summary and conclusion -- References -- II-Synthetic opioid clinical considerations -- 4 -- Pharmacogenomics/precision medicine: Opioid-related interactions and metabolism considerations -- Introduction -- Background -- Definition -- Controversies -- Historical evolution/trends -- Pathophysiology -- Risk factors -- Patient evaluation -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Anesthetic/analgesic management -- Pharmacology -- Clinical issues or considerations -- Prevention and self-care -- Global impact and challenges -- Future directions, novel treatments, and research studies -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 -- Opioid-associated syndromes and comorbidities -- Introduction -- Background -- Trends related to the prevalence of opioid use and opioid-associated syndromes -- Pathophysiology of opioid use disorder -- Risk factors and comorbidities of opioid-associated syndromes -- Clinical presentation of opioid-associated syndromes -- Opioid-induced hyperalgesia and withdrawal-associated injury site pain.
Opioid-associated amnestic syndrome and opioid-related leukoencephalopathy -- Narcotic bowel syndrome -- Complications to anesthetic management -- Narcotic bowel syndrome -- Opioid-associated amnestic syndrome -- Opioid-induced leukoencephalopathy -- Opioid-induced hyperalgesia -- Future directions of management of opioid-associated syndromes -- Narcotic bowel syndrome -- Opioid-associated amnestic syndrome -- Opioid-induced leukoencephalopathy -- Opioid-induced hyperalgesia -- Global impact and challenges -- Summary -- References -- 6 -- The balance of pain treatment and pain facilitation by opioids: Relevance for opioid use disorder risk -- Opioids as analgesic medications in the context of acute and chronic pain -- The emergent risk for analgesic tolerance and hyperalgesia -- Chronic pain and opioid use disorder risk -- Craving and relapse risk resulting from opioid-related pain experiences -- Medication-assisted treatment and hyperalgesia: Clinical considerations -- Preclinical modeling and measurement of pain in research animals -- Preclinical animal models of OUD and resultant hyperalgesia -- Motivational states promoting the interactions of OUD and pain -- Behavioral mechanisms linking chronic pain experiences and OUD-related behaviors -- Shared neural substrates of chronic pain and OUD -- Neuropharmacological targets for the combined treatment of OUD and chronic pain -- Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 -- Novel synthetic opioids: Pharmacologic considerations -- Introduction -- Definition of topic -- Issues related to topic -- Historical evolution and trends -- Pathophysiology -- Risk factors -- Patient evaluation -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Anesthetic management -- Pharmacology -- Clinical issues and considerations -- Prevention and self-care -- Global impact and challenges.
Future directions, novel treatments, and research studies -- Conclusion -- References -- III-Synthetic opioid misuse and pain management -- 8 -- The four opioid waves-origin and transformation of the opioid epidemic -- Introduction -- Wave one: Prescription opioids -- Wave two: Heroin -- Wave three: Synthetic opioids -- The fourth wave: Overdoses from fentanyl and stimulants -- Conclusion -- References -- 9. Neurobiology of opioid use disorder -- Introduction -- Opioid receptor neurobiology -- Mu opioid receptors -- Kappa opioid receptors -- Delta opioid receptors -- Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors -- Neuromodulators of opioid use disorder -- Opioid peptides -- Endorphin peptides -- Enkephalin peptides -- Prodynorphin peptides -- Nociceptin/orphanin FQ -- Dopamine -- Serotonin -- Glutamate -- GABA (ᵧ-Amino butyric acid) -- Orexins/hypocretins -- Endocannabinoids -- Sex and gender influences on opioid use disorder -- Further considerations and remaining questions -- References -- 10 -- Opioid receptor modulator/synthetic opioids and risk of dependency: Responsibility of healthcare workers, manu ... -- Introduction -- Individual genetic differences to opioids -- Opioid pharmacodynamics -- Interaction of opioids with receptors -- Genetic variability and receptor sensitivity -- Adverse effects of receptor inactivation -- Opioid pharmacokinetics -- Absorption -- Distribution -- Metabolism -- Excretion -- Opioids to treat pain -- Morphine -- Codeine -- Fentanyl -- Hydrocodone and hydromorphone -- Meperidine -- Methadone -- Oxycodone -- Oliceridine -- Conclusion -- References -- 11 -- Center for disease control and prevention (CDC) guidelines of chronic pain in the adult, including newer guide ... -- Introduction -- Development of the clinical guidelines -- The 12 recommendations from the CDC clinical practice guideline for prescribing opioids for pain [30].
Coprescription of opioids with benzodiazepines -- References -- 12 -- Commonly prescribed opioids and adjuvants in acute and chronic pain management -- Introduction -- Important considerations for planning therapeutic management -- Considerations for selecting pharmacologic options in pain management -- Managing mild-to-moderate pain-nonopioid analgesics -- Managing moderate-to-severe pain-opioid analgesics -- Adjuvant medications used in managing pain -- Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- 13 -- Opioids in clinical practice: From punitive to partnership -- Introduction -- The opioid epidemic -- History -- Fentanyl: The fourth wave -- Opioids in vivo: Use, misuse, abuse, dependence, and disorder -- Opioid use, misuse, and abuse -- Opioid dependence -- Opioid use disorder -- Psychiatric comorbidities -- Treatment of opioid use disorder -- Evolution -- Terminology -- Methadone -- History -- Mechanism -- Dosing -- Side effects and contraindications -- Methadone clinics -- Challenges -- Naltrexone -- History -- Mechanism -- Advantages -- Challenges -- Buprenorphine -- History -- Mechanism -- Formulations -- Dosing -- Opioid withdrawal syndromes -- Buprenorphine induction -- Standard induction -- Microinduction -- Macroinduction -- Induction from fentanyl -- Adjunct medications -- Maintenance -- Limitations -- Return to full agonists -- Opioid-induced disorders -- Behavioral health and other interventions -- OUD in practice -- Recovery and goals of care -- Patient-centered care and shared decision-making -- Access to care -- Harm reduction -- Context-specific -- Acute care settings -- Chronic pain -- COVID-19 pandemic -- Pregnancy -- Justice system -- Ethical considerations -- Health disparities -- References -- 14 -- The role of naltrexone and novel preparations for substance abuse and pain management -- Introduction -- Naltrexone overview.
Edited by: Alan David Kaye and Scott Edwards.