http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Agriculture Toward Net Zero Emissions explores how agriculture has historically contributed to carbon emissions and then takes the reader forward, offering insights into an integrated approach to reducing those emissions toward the COP26 goal. The dual challenge of increasing production to meet population and nutrition food demands while reducing the traditional emissions generated by production practices is significant. It requires understanding the foundation of current practices and then revising those underlying principles to reflect the resources and greater insights of today. This book provides an overview of the current state of the science, explores the development of policies and plans to improve carbon management, and provides examples of technology and agroecosystem management practices. It includes the latest updates in carbon neutral farming, carbon and energy management, and addresses the knowledge gap between input management, livestock management and agroecosystem management. Advancing agroecosystem science through a roadmap for improving capacity, Agriculture Toward Net Zero Emissions is a valuable resource for those seeking to develop and apply new agricultural best practices.
Front Cover -- Agriculture Toward Net Zero Emissions -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Agriculture toward net zero emissions: an overview -- Abbreviations -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Global commitments at COP 26 -- 1.2.1 Acknowledging the urgency -- 1.2.2 Speeding up efforts -- 1.2.3 Transitioning away from fossil fuels -- 1.2.4 Providing climate finance -- 1.2.5 Concentrating on loss and damage -- 1.3 Net zero and the agricultural sector -- 1.3.1 Zero tillage -- 1.3.2 Conservation agriculture -- 1.3.3 Legume incorporation -- 1.3.4 Biochar application -- 1.3.5 Renewable energy -- 1.3.6 Organic farming -- 1.3.7 Agroforestry -- 1.3.8 Precision agriculture -- 1.4 Key challenges to agricultural net zero -- 1.5 Role of international organizations and agreements -- 1.5.1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agricultural emissions -- 1.5.2 Food and Agricultural Organization and sustainable agriculture -- 1.5.3 Paris Agreement alignment -- 1.6 Moving toward agricultural net zero by 2050 -- 1.6.1 Country-specific case studies -- 1.6.2 Public-private partnerships -- 1.7 Future pathways and policy recommendations -- 1.8 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Greenhouse gases emissions: problem, global reality, and future perspectives -- Abbreviations -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Impact of greenhouse gas emissions on the planet -- 2.3 Greenhouse gases: facts and global reality -- 2.4 Greenhouse gases emission: a spatial and temporal emission trend -- 2.5 Greenhouse gases emission: a threat to ecological balance -- 2.6 Drivers and Indicators of greenhouse gases -- 2.7 Sources and estimation of greenhouse gases -- 2.8 Greenhouse gases emission and climate change: future projections -- 2.9 Future perspectives -- 2.10 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Net zero emission: progress, opportunities, and challenges.
Abbreviations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 How to achieve net zero emission in the agriculture sector -- 3.3 Progress in achieving greenhouse gases emission reduction targets -- 3.3.1 Achievements on the Paris Agreements on net zero emissions -- 3.4 Why is agriculture important in achieving net zero emissions -- 3.5 Progress: achievements on the COP21 Agreements on net zero emissions -- 3.6 Available opportunities to achieve net zero emissions -- 3.7 Challenges and solutions to help achieve net zero emissions -- 3.8 Challenges with renewable energy use in agriculture -- References -- 4 Food losses and waste: establishing a sustainable food supply chain to lower greenhouse gas emissions -- Abbreviations -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Global food losses and waste: state and trends -- 4.3 Environmental impact of global food loss and wastage -- 4.4 Potential and opportunities of zero-emission from food waste reduction -- 4.5 Action plans for zero carbon emission from food wastage -- 4.6 Assessment of potential solutions and practices for the prevention of food loss and waste -- 4.6.1 Technological solutions -- 4.6.2 Socioeconomic solutions -- 4.6.3 Policy planning and financial solutions -- 4.7 Food wastage and management action plans for zero emission -- 4.7.1 Production and processing level -- 4.7.2 Postharvest handling and storage level -- 4.7.3 Distribution and consumption level -- 4.8 Establishing a sustainable food supply chain for carbon emission reduction -- 4.9 Recent developments in food waste reduction -- 4.9.1 Policy frames for food wastage -- 4.10 Future perspectives -- 4.11 Conclusion and recommendations -- References -- 5 Global carbon market: policy pathways for low carbon emissions in the agriculture sector -- Key points -- Abbreviations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Protocols and agreements -- 5.2.1 Kyoto protocol -- 5.2.2 Paris Agreement.
5.2.3 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change -- 5.2.4 Role of Conference of Parties in the formulation of the carbon market -- 5.2.4.1 Conference of Parties 26 (2021) -- 5.2.4.2 Conference of Parties 27 (2022) -- 5.2.4.3 Conference of Parties 28 (2023) -- 5.2.5 Regional carbon markets -- 5.3 Carbon pricing instruments -- 5.3.1 Types of carbon pricing instruments -- 5.3.1.1 Global Carbon Council -- 5.3.1.2 Carbon tax -- 5.3.2 Characteristics of effective carbon pricing instruments -- 5.3.3 Implementation of carbon pricing instruments at various levels -- 5.3.4 Challenges and limitations of carbon pricing instruments -- 5.4 Net-zero carbon emission -- 5.4.1 Key strategies to reach net-zero emissions -- 5.4.2 Challenges for reaching net-zero emissions -- 5.5 Carbon markets in agriculture -- 5.5.1 Bio carbon fund -- 5.6 Global initiatives for low-carbon agriculture -- 5.7 Low carbon emission pathways in agriculture -- 5.7.1 Low carbon emission technologies in agriculture -- 5.8 Challenges faced by the global carbon market -- 5.8.1 Lack of standardization and transparency -- 5.8.2 Integrity issues -- 5.8.3 Regulatory fragmentation -- 5.8.4 Data and technological limitations -- 5.8.5 Market accessibility -- 5.8.6 Price volatility -- 5.8.7 The need for clear guidance -- 5.9 Policy initiatives -- 5.9.1 Decarbonizing the global economy-carbon capture and storage -- 5.9.2 Partnerships (market implementation and readiness) -- 5.9.3 Institutional framework for an integrated global carbon market -- 5.9.4 Creation of digital ecosystem for carbon markets and climate action -- 5.9.5 Pathways for effective global carbon market -- 5.9.6 Strategies for low carbon agriculture -- 5.9.7 Ways to set policy priorities for low-carbon agriculture -- 5.9.8 Framework for developed and developing countries -- 5.10 Conclusion -- References.
6 Law and policy pathways for global soil carbon sequestration in agroecosystems to ensure zero carbon emission -- Abbreviations -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Agriculture and carbon neutrality by 2050: a global analysis -- 6.3 Carbon sequestration potential of global agricultural lands -- 6.4 Soil carbon sequestration legislation and regulations: a global perspective -- 6.5 Plans and policies for soil carbon sequestration in agroecosystems for carbon neutrality -- 6.5.1 Plans and policies for recycling or organic produce and straw -- 6.5.2 Plans and policies for promoting conservation agriculture/zero tillage -- 6.5.3 Plans and policies for fertilizers and improved nitrogen use efficiency -- 6.5.4 Plans and policies for optimizing water use -- 6.5.5 Plans and policies for regulating nitrogen input and surplus -- 6.5.6 Policies for expanding the area under agroforestry -- 6.5.7 Law and policy pathways for research, development, and extension programs -- 6.5.8 Public subsidy, payments, and incentives for carbon sequestration in soils -- 6.5.9 Programs and schemes for carbon sequestration in soils -- 6.6 Plans for measurement, mapping, monitoring, and reporting soil carbon stock: current progress and future perspective -- 6.7 Technical challenges and barriers for designing policies for soil carbon sequestration -- 6.8 Policy designing options for addressing challenges to soil carbon sequestration -- 6.9 Need for laws/acts for soil carbon sequestration -- 6.9.1 Climate change and environmental laws -- 6.9.2 Agricultural policies -- 6.9.3 Carbon markets and trading -- 6.9.4 Soil health initiatives -- 6.9.5 International agreements -- 6.9.6 Research and development funding -- 6.10 Action plans for policymakers and planners -- 6.11 Conclusion and recommendation -- References -- 7 On-farm carbon capturing strategies to reduce carbon footprint -- Abbreviation.
7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 On-farm carbon sequestration: an overview -- 7.3 Factor affecting on-farm carbon sequestration and emission -- 7.4 On-farm carbon capturing strategies -- 7.4.1 Conservation agriculture and no-tillage -- 7.4.2 Mulching -- 7.4.3 Cover cropping -- 7.4.4 Crop rotation -- 7.4.5 Eliminating bare fallows -- 7.4.6 Crop residue/straw recycling -- 7.4.7 Efficient nutrient management -- 7.4.8 Organic amendments -- 7.4.9 Efficient manure management -- 7.4.10 Improved water management -- 7.4.11 Grassland management -- 7.4.12 Perennial vegetation -- 7.4.13 Agroforestry and hedge cropping -- 7.4.14 Efficient farm machinery management -- 7.5 Challenges and opportunities in the adoption of on-farm carbon-capturing strategies -- 7.6 Economic analysis and assessment of on-farm carbon-capturing strategies -- 7.7 Future perspectives -- 7.7.1 Implementation of novel approaches -- 7.7.2 Use of alternative energies -- 7.7.3 Field greenhouse gas monitoring -- 7.7.4 Economic research to encourage adoption of sustainable management practices -- 7.8 Conclusion and recommendations -- References -- 8 Transforming land use toward carbon neutral agriculture -- Abbreviations -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Environmental consequences of the current land use system -- 8.2.1 Climate change -- 8.2.2 Agricultural unsustainability -- 8.2.3 Reduced soil fertility and soil carbon sequestration -- 8.2.4 Land fragmentation -- 8.2.5 Loss of biodiversity -- 8.2.6 River water pollution -- 8.3 Land use and land use transformation to maximize carbon sequestration -- 8.3.1 Agriculture -- 8.3.2 Urbanization -- 8.3.3 Recreational activities -- 8.4 How to maximize carbon sequestration due to changes in land use -- 8.4.1 Afforestation -- 8.4.2 Reforestation -- 8.4.3 Biosphere sequestration -- 8.4.4 Agriculture -- 8.5 Carbon-negative farming.
edited by Sandeep Kumar, Ram Swaroop Meena.