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Circadian rhythms, sleep, and sleep disorders /

Circadian rhythms, sleep, and sleep disorders covers the topic in two sections focusing on basic science and clinical application. In the basic section, new developments and research findings focusing on basic circadian rhythm and sleep physiology in animals and humans is highlighted. The chapters a...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Ferini-Strambi, Luigi (Editor), Cajochen, Christian (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, [2025]
Series:Handbook of clinical neurology ; 3rd ser., v. 206.
Subjects:
Circadian rhythms.
Sleep.
Sleep disorders.
Rythmes circadiens.
Troubles du sommeil.
Sommeil.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Sleep Disorders
  • Copyright
  • Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Contributors
  • Contents
  • Section I: Basic science
  • Chapter 1: Effects of light on biological functions and human sleep
  • Light, Sleep, and Chronobiology11Abbreviations used in the chapter are listed at the end of the chapter before References sect
  • Basic Principles
  • Visual and nonvisual effects of light
  • Retinal photoreceptors
  • Anatomical and functional principles underlying the effects of light on circadian rhythms
  • The Two-Process Model of Sleep-Wake Regulation
  • Effects of Light Exposure During Daytime on Sleep and Sleep Architecture
  • Light exposure and the circadian system
  • Daytime light exposure and sleep
  • Interindividual differences in light responsiveness
  • Exposure to Artificial Light in the Evening
  • Summary
  • Funding
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Rhythms of light: Understanding the role of circadian timing in alertness and cognitive performance
  • Introduction and Definition of Concepts
  • The Impact of the Sleep-Wake Cycle on Alertness, Sustained Attention, and Cognition
  • Effects of Time of Day When in Circadian Alignment
  • Effects of Circadian Misalignment
  • Direct Effects of Light
  • Summary and Future Directions
  • Future directions
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Impact of sleep deprivation on dynamic functional connectivity states
  • Functional Connectivity and Sleep Deprivation: fMRI Evidence
  • Vigilance and attention
  • Memory
  • Emotional memory and processing
  • Functional Connectivity and Sleep Deprivation: EEG Evidence
  • Connectivity in resting-state networks
  • Task-related EEG connectivity
  • Clinical Implications and Conclusions
  • References.
  • Chapter 4: Sleep and circadian rhythms modeling: From hypothalamic regulatory networks to cortical dynamics and behavior
  • Introduction
  • Part I: Model of Arousal Dynamics
  • Key physiology of sleep-wake cycles
  • Model structure
  • Dynamics
  • Sleep propensity
  • Cognitive outputs
  • Circadian markers
  • Melanopsin-mediated effects of light on circadian rhythms
  • Model applications: Disturbances due to environmental factors
  • Shiftwork
  • Shiftwork: Real-life and individual predictions
  • Jetlag
  • Model applications: Disease
  • Future directions for sleep-wake cycles modeling
  • Part II: Models of EEG Activity
  • Measuring and quantifying sleep activity at the whole brain level
  • Sleep stages
  • Sleep EEG waveforms
  • Sleep EEG power spectrum
  • Key anatomic structures represented in sleep EEG models
  • Models of corticothalamic sleep dynamics
  • Model applications: EEG power spectrum during sleep
  • Model applications: Local sleep
  • Future directions for EEG brain models
  • Connecting Across Scales
  • Existing models combining sleep regulatory networks and EEG
  • Open challenges
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Section II: Clinical applications
  • Chapter 5: Advanced sleep phase syndrome: Role of genetics and aging
  • Introduction
  • The Physiology of the Circadian System
  • Process C
  • Chronotypes
  • Process S, the sleep homeostat
  • Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
  • Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder
  • Demographics
  • Pathophysiology
  • Diagnosis
  • Objective findings
  • Aging and neurodegeneration
  • Treatment
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder: From the pathophysiologic perspective to the treatment
  • Introduction
  • Pathophysiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Presentation
  • Diagnostic Criteria
  • Diagnostic Evaluation
  • Differential Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Light Therapy.
  • Prescribed Timing of Sleep/Wake Periods, Activity, and Exercise
  • Melatonin
  • Stimulants and Sedatives
  • AASM Practice Guidelines
  • Irregular Sleep-Wake Disorder in Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Alzheimer disease
  • Pathophysiology of ISWRD development in Alzheimer disease
  • Light therapy in AD
  • Melatonin combined with light therapy in AD
  • Melatonin therapy in AD
  • Combination interventions in AD: Sleep scheduling, hygiene, activity, and light
  • Hypnotics in AD
  • Parkinson disease
  • Pathophysiology of ISWRD in Parkinson disease
  • Treatment of ISWRD in PD
  • Light therapy in PD
  • Behavioral modifications in PD
  • Melatonin in PD
  • Sedative hypnotics in PD
  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
  • Brain tumors
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Congenitally blind individuals
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
  • Angelman syndrome
  • Smith-Magenis syndrome
  • Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL)
  • Psychiatric disorders
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Shift work sleep disorder
  • Introduction
  • Shift Work
  • Shift Work Sleep Disorder
  • Recommendations and Possible Treatment
  • Final Remarks
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 8: Human sleep and immunity: The role of circadian patterns
  • Sleep and Circadian Rhythms
  • Immune System
  • Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and the Immune System
  • Sleep and Circadian Disturbance and Inflammation
  • Sleep Deprivation/Restriction Consequences
  • Vaccine and Immune System
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 9: Circadian pattern in restless legs syndrome
  • Introduction
  • Worsening at Rest and Circadian Variation of Symptoms: Two Faces of the Same Process?
  • Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Circadian Pattern in RLS
  • Dopamine
  • Dopamine and melatonin
  • Iron and the interaction with dopamine
  • Iron and opioids
  • Genetics.
  • Further Insights in Circadian Patterns From Neurophysiology, Imaging, and Neurophysiology Studies
  • Pain and the sensory system
  • Cortical excitability
  • Default mode network
  • Cognition
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 10: Circadian rhythm disorders in the blind
  • Non-24-h Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder
  • Definition
  • Pathogenesis
  • History
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinic Manifestations
  • Diagnosis
  • Screening Tests
  • Differential Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Lifestyle and sleep hygiene
  • Melatonin and melatonin agonist
  • Melatonin
  • Melatonin for the N24HSWD of blind patients
  • Melatonin agonists for N24HSWD in blind patients
  • Future Fields of Research
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Sleep and circadian rhythms after traumatic brain injury
  • Introduction
  • Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Definition and diagnosis
  • Pathophysiology of TBI
  • Changes in brain structure after TBI as assessed by neuroimaging
  • Overview of the Main Sleep and Wake Disturbances After TBI
  • Prevalence
  • Comorbidities and risk factors
  • Role of TBI severity and time postinjury
  • Impact of sleep-wake disturbances
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness
  • Pleisomnia
  • Fatigue
  • Insomnia
  • Sleep macro- and microarchitecture after TBI
  • Changes in sleep macroarchitecture
  • Quantitative sleep electroencephalography after TBI
  • Circadian rhythm disturbances after TBI
  • Acute and postacute stages post-TBI
  • Chronic stage post-TBI
  • Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Interventions
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy and sleep hygiene education
  • Light therapy
  • Pharmacologic interventions
  • Early screening and individualized approach
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, orexin, and sleep-wake cycle: The link with the neurodegeneration
  • Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis of OSAS.