Handbook of immunoassay technologies : approaches, performances, and applications /

Handbook of Immunoassay Technologies: Approaches, Performances, and Applications, Second Edition unravels the role of immunoassays in the biochemical sciences.During the last four decades, a wide range of immunoassays has been developed, ranging from the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author:	ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors:	Vashist, Sandeep K. (Editor), Luong, John H.T (Editor)
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	London, United Kingdom : Academic Press, 2025.
Edition:	Second edition.
Subjects:	Immunoassay. Immunodosage. Electronic books.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

Front Cover
Handbook of Immunoassay Technologies
Copyright Page
Contents
List of contributors
Preface
Objectives
Scope
Target audience
Book organization
1 Immunoassays: an overview
1 Overview of immunoassays
2 Antibody structure
3 Need for immunoassays
3.1 Clinical
3.2 Industrial
3.3 Environment and security
3.4 Food
3.5 Personalized healthcare
4 Immunoassay formats
5 Conclusions and future trends
References
2 Antibody immobilization and surface functionalization chemistries for immunodiagnostics
1 Introduction
2 Surface functionalization chemistries
2.1 Hydroxyl groups
2.2 Amino groups
2.3 Carboxyl groups
2.4 Sulfhydryl groups
2.5 Epoxy groups
3 Antibody immobilization chemistries
3.1 Covalent
3.2 Oriented
3.3 Noncovalent
Adsorption
3.3.1 Affinity
3.4 Site-specific
3.5 Peptide nucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid-directed
3.6 Recombinant antibody
4 Surface characterization
5 Conclusions, challenges, and future trends
References
3 Monoclonal antibody generation by phage display: history, state-of-the-art, and future
1 Introduction
1.1 History of the development of antibody phage display
1.2 Antibody formats used for phage display
1.3 Further recombinant antibody formats
2 Phage display selection
2.1 Advantages of recombinant antibody selection
2.2 Guided selection
2.3 Affinity improvement
2.4 Other selection technologies
3 Antibody libraries
3.1 Immune libraries
3.2 Naive natural libraries
3.3 Naive semisynthetic libraries
3.4 Naive synthetic libraries
3.5 Special library designs
3.6 Synthetic libraries from non-human species
4 In vitro selection of antibodies for specific applications
4.1 Tissue panning for immunohistochemistry antibodies.
4.2 Sandwich pair selection, complex-specific antibodies, and drug monitoring
4.3 Sophisticated guided selection strategies
4.4 Fully human controls in diagnostic immunoassays
5 Site-specific conjugation and modification of antibody functionality
6 Conclusion and outlook
6.1 Future
References
4 Bioanalytical requirements and regulatory guidelines for immunoassays
1 Introduction
2 Bioanalytical requirements for an immunoassay
2.1 Accuracy
2.2 Precision
2.3 Selectivity
2.4 Sensitivity
2.5 Reproducibility
2.6 Stability
2.7 Recovery
2.8 Calibration curve
2.9 Bioanalytical performance parameters
2.9.1 Limit of blank
2.9.2 Limit of detection
2.9.3 Limit of quantification
2.9.4 Lower limit of the linear interval
2.9.5 Lower limit of the measuring interval
2.9.6 Errors
2.9.7 Carryover
2.9.8 Interference
2.9.9 Quality controls
2.9.10 Linear range
2.9.11 Analytical measurement range
2.9.12 Clinically reportable range
2.9.13 Bias
2.9.14 Hook effect
2.9.15 Method comparison
2.9.16 Cross-reactivity
3 Critiques and outlook
4 Conclusions
References
5 Enzyme-linked immunoassays
1 Introduction
2 Conventional enzyme-linked immunoassays
2.1 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
2.1.1 Direct ELISA
2.1.2 Indirect ELISA
2.1.3 Sandwich ELISA
2.2 Competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay
3 Emerging enzyme-linked immunoassays
3.1 High-sensitivity sandwich EIA
3.2 Highly simplified rapid sandwich EIA
3.3 Wash-free immunoassays
3.4 Multiplex immunoassays
3.5 Nano-/micro-material-based EIA
3.6 Paper-based EIA
3.7 Microfluidics-based EIA
3.7.1 Optimizer ELISA
3.7.2 Centrifugal microfluidics-based IA
3.8 Smartphone-based EIA
4 Portable analyzer-based immunoassays
5 Critiques and outlook
6 Conclusions
References.
6 Chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIA)
1 Introduction
2 Chemiluminescent immunoassay mechanisms
2.1 Glow chemiluminescence
2.2 Flash chemiluminescence
2.3 Electrochemiluminescence
3 Commercial chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers
3.1 Closed system
3.2 Open system
4 Commercial and potential aspects of CLIA
5 Conclusions
References
7 Lateral flow immunoassays
1 Introduction
1.1 Lateral flow immunoassays
1.1.1 History of the technology
1.1.2 Basic technology
1.1.3 Recognition elements
1.1.4 Signal labels
1.1.5 Storage of lateral flow devices
2 Advances in lateral flow immunoassays
2.1 Coupling to a range of detection principles
2.2 Combination with amplification procedures
2.3 Multianalyte lateral flow immunoassays
2.4 Reading and quantifying multispot lateral flow assays
2.4.1 Lateral flow reader for microarrays-a real-time video reader
2.4.2 Reading arrays by smartphone and other applications
2.5 Integration of lateral flow immunoassays with paper diagnostics
3 Challenges and future directions
3.1 Updated SWOT analysis
3.2 Bibliographic and commercial data
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
8 Paper-based immunoassays
1 Introduction
2 Paper-based immunoassays: strategies and detection principles
2.1 Colorimetric method
2.1.1 AuNPs
2.1.2 Enzymes
2.1.3 Carbon nanoparticles
2.1.4 Magnetic nanoparticles
2.2 Thermal method
2.3 Electrochemical method
2.4 Magnetic method
3 Development of the paper-based immunoassays devices
3.1 Sensitivity improvement
3.2 Automatic detections
3.3 Semiquantification detection and quantification detection
4 Conclusions
References
9 Acoustic wave-based immunoassays
1 Introduction
2 Clinical diagnostics
2.1 Quartz crystal microbalance immunosensors.
2.1.1 Direct immunosensors
2.1.2 Indirect immunosensors
2.1.3 Sandwich-amplified immunosensors
2.2 Surface acoustic wave immunosensors
2.2.1 Direct immunosensors
3 Detection of microbial pathogens and toxins
3.1 Quartz crystal microbalance immunosensors
3.1.1 Direct immunosensors
3.1.2 Indirect immunosensors
3.1.3 Sandwich-amplified immunosensors
3.2 Surface acoustic wave immunosensors
3.2.1 Direct immunosensors
3.2.2 Sandwich-amplified immunosensors
4 Detection of parasites
4.1 Quartz crystal microbalance immunosensors
4.1.1 Direct immunosensors
4.1.2 Indirect immunosensors
4.1.3 Sandwich-amplified immunosensors
5 Detection of viruses
5.1 Quartz crystal microbalance immunosensors
5.1.1 Direct immunosensors
5.1.2 Indirect immunosensors
5.1.3 Sandwich-amplified immunosensors
5.2 Surface acoustic wave immunosensors
6 Quartz crystal microbalance and surface acoustic wave-based electronic noses
7 Quartz crystal microbalance and surface acoustic wave immunoassays in environmental monitoring and allergens detection
8 Integrated acoustic wave immunosensors for point of care
9 Commercial acoustic wave immunosensors
10 Market potential and conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
10 Interferometry-based immunoassays
1 Introduction-general context
2 Principles of operation
2.1 Label-free optical sensing
2.2 Interferometric sensors
3 Sensor surface functionalization
3.1 Chemical activation of transducers
3.2 Immobilization of recognition molecules
3.3 Elimination of nonspecific binding
3.4 Application of interferometric immunosensors
3.5 Mach-Zehnder interferometers
3.6 Young interferometers
3.7 Bimodal interferometers
4 Conclusions and future perspectives
References
11 Nanomaterial- and micromaterial-based immunoassays.
1 Introduction
2 Micromaterial-based immunoassay
2.1 Fluorescent polystyrene microsphere
2.2 Magnetic microbeads
2.3 Nanomaterial-based immunoassay
3 Colorimetric immunoassay
3.1 Lateral flow assay
3.2 Plate-based colorimetric immunoassay
4 Electrochemical immunoassay
5 Fluorescent immunoassay
5.1 Heterogeneous immunoassay
5.2 Fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay
6 Conclusion
References
12 Microcantilever-based sensors
1 Introduction
2 Microcantilevers and their modes of operation
2.1 Operating modes for cantilever mass sensors
3 Detection methods
3.1 Optical
3.2 Piezoresistive
3.3 Capacitive
3.4 Piezoelectric
3.5 Interferometry
3.6 Optical diffraction grating
3.7 Charge-coupled device
4 Bending behavior of microcantilevers
5 Fabrication of microcantilevers
6 Microcantilever-based sensors
6.1 Detection of biomolecules
6.1.1 DNA
6.1.2 Prostate-specific antigen
6.1.3 Myoglobin
6.1.4 Lipoproteins
6.1.5 Glucose
6.1.6 Tributyrin
6.2 Detection of gaseous analytes
6.3 Detection of chemicals and metal ions
6.4 Detection of humidity and pH
6.5 Detection of explosives and monitoring of ammunition
7 Electronic nose
8 Nanocantilevers
9 Commercial availability
10 Conclusions and future trends
References
13 Quartz crystal microbalance-based sensors
1 Introduction
2 Detection of biomolecules
3 Detection of bacteria
4 Detection of volatile organic compounds
5 Detection of chemical analytes
6 Detection of gaseous analytes
7 Special analytical applications
8 Other analytical applications
9 Conclusions and future trends
References
Further reading
14 Electrochemical immunosensors fundamentals and applications in clinical diagnostics
1 Introduction.