Fuel cells technology and electrode materials for a sustainable future /

Fuel Cells Technology and Electrode Materials for Sustainable Future presents an up-to-date review of the latest advancements in fuel cell technology and materials, including a comprehensive examination of the synthesis, characterization, and application of electrode materials for fuel cells. With a...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kumar, Anuj, Dr (Author), Gupta, Ram K. (Author)
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, [2025]
Subjects:
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Fuel Cells Technology and Electrode Materials for a Sustainable Future
  • Copyright Page
  • Contents
  • 1 Basics of fuel cells
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.1.1 Historical biography of fuel cells
  • 1.1.2 What makes fuel cells necessary
  • 1.1.3 Sustainability and cost analysis
  • 1.2 Fuel cells-types, cell components, materials, and chemistry
  • 1.2.1 Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
  • 1.2.2 Alkaline fuel cells
  • 1.2.3 Phosphoric acid fuel cells
  • 1.2.4 Molten carbonate fuel cells
  • 1.2.5 Solid oxide fuel cells
  • 1.2.6 Microbial fuel cells
  • 1.2.7 Materials for fuel cells
  • 1.3 Conclusion
  • References
  • 2 Thermodynamic chemistry of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Heat of reaction
  • 2.3 Reversible fuel cell potential
  • 2.4 Open circuit voltage
  • 2.5 Fuel cell efficiency
  • 2.6 Conclusion
  • References
  • 3 Electrode kinetics
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Reaction rate
  • 3.3 Exchange current density
  • 3.4 Arrhenius equation and transition state theory
  • 3.5 Butler-Volmer equation
  • 3.6 Butler-Volmer model of kinetics
  • 3.7 Activation overpotential
  • 3.8 Tafel equation
  • 3.9 Significance of exchange current density
  • 3.9.1 Low current density
  • 3.9.2 High current density
  • 3.10 Significance of charge transfer coefficient
  • 3.11 Conclusions
  • References
  • 4 Concentration polarization
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Transport phenomenon in fuel cells
  • 4.3 Revisiting some of the basic concepts
  • 4.4 Concept of average and diffusion velocity
  • 4.5 Diffusion law
  • 4.6 Newton's law of viscosity (momentum transport)
  • 4.7 Fourier's law
  • 4.8 Quantifying concentration polarization
  • 4.9 Nernst equation analysis
  • 4.10 Conclusions
  • References
  • 5 Characterization of fuel cells
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 In-situ characterization techniques.
  • 5.2.1 Evaluation criteria and approaches for electrode reactions
  • 5.2.2 Overpotential
  • 5.2.3 Tafel slope investigations
  • 5.2.4 Exchange current density
  • 5.2.5 Turnover frequency
  • 5.2.6 Faraday efficiency
  • 5.2.7 Electrochemically active surface area
  • 5.2.8 Mass and specific activities
  • 5.2.9 Stability investigations
  • 5.3 Ex-situ characterization techniques
  • 5.4 Porosity measurements
  • 5.5 BET surface area measurements
  • 5.6 Gas permeability studies
  • 5.7 Structure investigations
  • 5.8 Chemical investigations
  • 5.9 Conclusions
  • References
  • 6 Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction
  • 6.3 Oxygen reduction reaction kinetics
  • 6.4 Oxygen reduction reaction mechanisms
  • 6.5 Factors affecting oxygen reduction reaction
  • 6.5.1 Role of central metal ion
  • 6.5.1.1 Role of ligands
  • 6.5.1.2 The pH Effect
  • 6.5.1.3 Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
  • 6.6 Conclusions
  • References
  • 7 Emerging materials for oxygen reduction reaction
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Noble-metal-based ORR electrocatalysts
  • 7.3 Noble metal-free ORR electrocatalysts
  • 7.4 Atomically dispersed metals-based catalysts for ORR
  • 7.5 Molecular catalysts for ORR
  • 7.6 Conclusion and perspectives
  • References
  • 8 Electrocatalytic hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Electrochemical hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 8.3 Kinetics of the hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 8.4 Factors affecting hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 8.4.1 H-adsorption behavior
  • 8.4.2 HOR kinetic parameters
  • 8.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 9 Emerging materials for hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Noble metal-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 9.3 Non-noble metal-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction.
  • 9.4 Atomically dispersed metals-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 9.5 Molecular catalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction
  • 9.6 Conclusions
  • References
  • 10 Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol and ethanol
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Methanol electrooxidation
  • 10.3 Ethanol electrooxidation
  • 10.4 Factors affecting oxidation of methanol and ethanol
  • 10.4.1 Synergy between electrocatalysis and electrode
  • 10.4.2 Electronically conductive polymer supports
  • 10.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 11 Emerging materials for alcohol oxidation reaction
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Nobel metal-based catalysts for AOR
  • 11.3 Non-nobel metal-based catalysts for AOR
  • 11.4 Atomically dispersed metals-based catalysts for AOR
  • 11.5 Molecular catalysts for AOR
  • 11.6 Conclusions
  • References
  • 12 Single-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and alcohol oxidation reaction
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 ORR scaling relationship with single-atom catalysts
  • 12.3 Strategies to break scaling relationship for oxygen reduction reaction
  • 12.4 Optimization for single-atom catalysts
  • 12.4.1 Optimizations for improving single-atom catalysts performance
  • 12.4.2 Optimization of metal center types
  • 12.4.3 Optimization of coordination environments
  • 12.4.4 Optimization of supports
  • 12.5 Carbon and noncarbon supported single-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
  • 12.5.1 Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts
  • 12.5.2 Noncarbon supports for single-atom catalysts
  • 12.5.2.1 Metals (alloys)
  • 12.5.2.2 Metal oxides
  • 12.5.2.3 Metal hydroxides
  • 12.5.2.4 Metal chalcogenides
  • 12.5.2.5 Carbides
  • 12.5.2.6 Nitrides
  • 12.5.2.7 Microporous materials
  • 12.6 Single-atom catalysts for alcohol oxidation reaction
  • 12.7 Conclusions
  • References.
  • 13 Dual-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and alcohol oxidation reaction
  • 13.1 Introduction
  • 13.2 Breaking the ORR scaling relationship with dual-atom catalysts
  • 13.3 Optimization for dual-atom catalysts
  • 13.4 Calculations using DFT and machine learning for predicting effective DACs
  • 13.5 Optimization of electronic and geometric structure
  • 13.6 Optimization of synthesis method
  • 13.7 Advances in dual-atom catalysts for ORR
  • 13.8 Bonded dual-atom ORR catalysts
  • 13.9 Dual-atom catalysts for AOR
  • 13.10 Conclusions
  • References
  • Index
  • Back Cover.