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Current Status of Prostate Cancer : Diagnosis, Biomarkers and Therapies /

Provides invaluable information on the fast-moving field of cancer research that includes outstanding original reviews on a variety of topics.

Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Fisher, Paul B. (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, MA : Academic Press, [2024]
Edition:First edition.
Series:Advances in cancer research ; Volume 161.
Subjects:
Generative organs, Male > Diseases.
Prostate > Cancer.
Metastasis.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Neoplasm Metastasis
Genital Diseases, Male
Organes génitaux mâles > Maladies.
Métastases.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Advances in Cancer Research
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Chapter One: The glycosylation landscape of prostate cancer tissues and biofluids
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Prostate cancer glycome
  • 2.1 Human glycan classes and analysis approaches
  • 2.2 Method overview and applications of N-glycan MALDI-IMS to PCa tissues
  • 3 N-linked glycosylation in benign and prostate cancer tissues
  • 4 O-glycome
  • 5 Glycoproteomics of prostate cancer tissues
  • 6 Glycan and glycopeptide analysis of PCa-associated biofluids and PSA
  • 7 Therapeutic targeting of glycosylation in prostate cancer
  • 7.1 Sialyltranferase ST6GAL1
  • 7.1.1 FUT8
  • 7.1.2 B4GALT1
  • 8 Future directions
  • References
  • Chapter Two: Multiplexed quantitative proteomics in prostate cancer biomarker development
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Quantitative proteomics for cancer biomarker validation
  • 2.1 Data-independent data acquisition methods for biomarker validation
  • 2.2 Sample preparation strategies for improved sensitivity
  • 2.3 Glycoprotein as cancer biomarkers
  • 2.4 Extracellular vesicle proteins as cancer biomarkers
  • 3 Application of quantitative proteomics for PCa biomarker development
  • 3.1 PCa biomarkers in cell lines
  • 3.2 PCa biomarkers in tissues
  • 3.3 PCa biomarkers in proximal fluids
  • 3.4 PCa biomarkers in blood
  • 4 Future perspectives
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter Three: Prostate MRI for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer: Update and future directions
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Fundamentals of prostate MRI
  • 2.1 Principles and sequencing
  • 2.1.1 T1 weighted imaging (T1WI)
  • 2.1.2 T2 weighted imaging (T2WI)
  • 2.1.3 Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)
  • 2.1.4 Dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE)
  • 2.1.5 Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)
  • 2.1.6 Emerging modalities of MRI imaging.
  • 2.1.6.1 Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
  • 2.1.6.2 Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)
  • 2.1.6.3 Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)
  • 2.1.6.4 Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI)
  • 2.1.6.5 Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)
  • 2.2 Interpretation
  • 2.2.1 Peripheral zone (PZ) interpretation
  • 2.2.2 Transition zone (TZ) interpretation
  • 3 Diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC)
  • 3.1 Prebiopsy multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)
  • 3.1.1 Utility of systematic and perilesional biopsy
  • 3.1.2 Sampling route for MRI-targeted biopsy
  • 3.2 Biparametric MRI (bpMRI)
  • 3.3 Screening
  • 3.3.1 PSA-MRI pathway
  • 3.3.2 MRI only pathway
  • 4 Uses of MRI after a diagnosis of prostate cancer
  • 4.1 Active surveillance
  • 4.1.1 Utility of MRI in active surveillance
  • 4.1.2 PRECISE score
  • 4.2 Staging
  • 4.2.1 Role of MRI in planning local treatment
  • 4.2.1.1 Planning prostatectomy
  • 4.2.1.2 Planning radiation therapy
  • 4.2.2 T staging
  • 4.2.2.1 Extraprostatic extension (EPE)
  • 4.2.2.2 Seminal vesicle invasion (SVI)
  • 4.2.3 N staging
  • 4.2.4 M staging
  • 5 Role of MRI in recurrent disease
  • 5.1 PI-RR grading
  • 5.2 Recurrence after radiotherapy
  • 5.3 Recurrence post radical prostatectomy (RP)
  • 5.4 Clinical application of PI-RR
  • 5.5 Recurrence following focal ablation
  • 6 Future direction of MRI in detection of clinically significant prostate cancer
  • 6.1 Improving quality of mpMRI
  • 6.2 Artificial intelligence and radiomics
  • 6.3 Positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI
  • 6.4 MRI directed therapy
  • References
  • Chapter Four: Small extracellular vesicles: Roles and clinical application in prostate cancer
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Extracellular vesicles
  • 2.1 EV terminology and subtypes
  • 2.2 Small EVs definition, composition, and biogenesis
  • 3 Technologies for sEV isolation and characterization.
  • 3.1 Clinical biospecimens for the enrichment of PCa-derived sEVs
  • 3.2 Technologies for sEV isolation
  • 3.3 Technologies for sEV characterization
  • 4 Biological functions of sEVs in prostate cancer
  • 5 Clinical applications of sEVs in prostate cancer
  • 5.1 Application of sEVs for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis
  • 5.1.1 sEV DNA biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.2 sEV RNA biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.3 sEV protein biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.4 sEV lipid biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.5 sEV glycan biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.6 sEV metabolite biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 5.1.7 sEV-based tests in clinical use for prostate cancer
  • 5.2 Application of sEVs for prediction of prostate cancer treatment response
  • 5.3 Application of sEVs as drug delivery systems for prostate cancer
  • 6 Conclusions and future perspectives
  • References
  • Chapter Five: Deciphering the genetic and epigenetic architecture of prostate cancer
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Genomic changes in prostate cancer
  • 2.1 Genetics of androgen receptor in prostate cancer
  • 2.1.1 Mutations in androgen receptor
  • 2.1.2 Androgen receptor splice variants
  • 2.1.3 The outlaw pathways for AR activation
  • 2.2 Gene fusions in prostate cancer
  • 2.3 DNA repair gene mutations in prostate cancer
  • 2.4 Tp53 mutation in prostate cancer
  • 2.5 SPOP mutation in prostate cancer
  • 2.6 c-Met and prostate cancer
  • 3 Epigenetic changes driving prostate cancer progression
  • 3.1 DNA hypermethylation
  • 3.2 Histone modifications
  • 4 Summary and future directions
  • References
  • Chapter Six: Epigenetic regulation of androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Epigenetic basis of prostate cancer
  • 2.1 DNA methylation in prostate cancer
  • 2.1.1 DNA hypermethylation as epigenetic biomarker for prostate cancer.
  • 2.1.2 DNA hypomethylation as a biomarker for prostate cancer
  • 2.2 Histone modifications in prostate cancer
  • 2.2.1 Histone methylation and demethylation
  • 2.2.1.1 Histone methylation modulators as biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 2.2.1.2 Histone demethylating enzymes as biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 2.2.2 Histone acetylation and deacetylation
  • 2.2.2.1 Histone acetylation modulators as biomarker for prostate cancer
  • 2.2.2.2 Histone deacetylases as epigenetic biomarkers for prostate cancer
  • 2.3 Role of miRNAs in prostate cancer epigenetics
  • 2.3.1 Regulation of androgen receptor signaling by miRNA
  • 2.3.1.1 Direct targeting AR by miRNAs
  • 2.3.1.2 Direct targeting AR splice variants (ARVs) by miRNAs
  • 2.3.1.3 Modulating AR expression and activity indirectly
  • 2.3.2 Regulation of EMT by miRNAs
  • 2.3.2.1 miRNAs inhibiting EMT
  • 2.3.2.2 miRNAs promoting EMT
  • 2.3.3 Involvement of miRNAs in PCa stem-cell regulation
  • 2.3.4 Regulation of cell-cycle and apoptosis in PCa by miRNA
  • 2.3.5 MiRNA as biomarker in prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis
  • 2.3.5.1 PCa tissue expressed miRNAs
  • 2.3.5.2 MiRNAs found in circulation in PCa
  • 2.3.5.3 MiRNAs found in urine of PCa patients
  • 2.4 Crosstalk between various epigenetic marks and mediators in prostate cancer
  • 2.4.1 Regulation on miRNA expression by histone and DNA modifications in PCa
  • 2.4.2 Regulation on histone and DNA modifications by miRNA in PCa
  • 3 Targeting epigenetic modifiers for therapeutic interventions
  • 3.1 DNMT inhibitors
  • 3.2 Histone modulators
  • 3.2.1 HDAC inhibitors
  • 3.2.2 HAT inhibitors
  • 3.2.3 HMT and HDM inhibitors
  • 3.3 Involvement of phase separation in CRPC generation and AR-condensates as futuristic target in PCa treatment
  • 4 Discussion
  • 5 Future perspectives
  • Acknowledgment
  • References.
  • Chapter Seven: Molecular landscape of prostate cancer bone metastasis
  • 1 Introduction and epidemiology
  • 2 Molecular underpinnings of bone metastasis
  • 2.1 The path to prostate cancer bone metastasis
  • 2.1.1 "Osteomimicry" helps PC bone tropism
  • 2.1.2 Formation of a "pre-metastatic niche" and the role of chemokines
  • 2.1.3 CXCL12
  • 2.1.4 CCL2
  • 2.1.5 Other pertinent chemokines
  • 2.1.6 Homing to the bone niche
  • 2.1.7 Signaling pathway in metastatic outgrowth of disseminated tumor cells in the bone niche
  • 2.1.8 Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)
  • 2.1.9 Endothelin
  • 2.1.10 RANK/RANKL
  • 2.1.11 Osteoprotegerin (OPG)
  • 2.1.12 Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)
  • 2.1.13 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)
  • 2.1.14 Other factors
  • 3 Targeting approaches
  • 3.1 Anti-resorptive therapies
  • 3.2 Bone-targeted radioisotopes
  • 3.3 Immunotherapy
  • 3.4 Alternative treatment strategies
  • 4 Summary and future outlook
  • Acknowledgments
  • Conflicts of interest
  • References
  • Chapter Eight: Systemic therapy landscape of advanced prostate cancerSystemic therapy landscape of advanced prostate cancer
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 ADT
  • 2.1 Approaches for ADT
  • 2.2 New oral GnRH-antagonist
  • 2.3 Androgen receptor (AR) antagonists
  • 3 ARPI
  • 3.1 ARPI agents
  • 3.2 Early ADT intensification in hormone sensitive prostate cancer
  • 3.3 Choosing an ARPI in mCRPC
  • 4 Non-hormonal treatment of prostate cancer
  • 4.1 Cytotoxic chemotherapy
  • 4.2 PARP inhibitors
  • 4.3 Immunotherapy
  • 4.4 Targeted radionuclide therapy
  • 5 Bone health in prostate cancer
  • 6 Emerging agents
  • 7 Biomarkers
  • 7.1 Biomarkers in the management of advanced prostate cancer
  • 7.2 Novel biomarkers under investigation
  • 8 Sequencing therapies
  • 9 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter Nine: Understanding the molecular regulators of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.