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Case-based practical training of colposcopy and cervical pathology : with diagrams and images /

This book, 'Case-Based Practical Training of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology', aims to provide comprehensive training in the prevention, detection, and management of cervical cancer, a disease that is almost entirely preventable. Authored by experts in gynecologic oncology and pathology,...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: London : Academic Press, 2024.
Subjects:
Cervix uteri > Diseases > Diagnosis > Case studies.
Colposcopy > Case studies.
Colposcopie > Études de cas.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Case-Based Practical Training of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology
  • No woman should ever die of cervical cancer
  • Case-Based Practical Training of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • List of abbreviations
  • 1
  • History
  • Cervical cancer
  • Cervical cancer screening
  • Cervical cancer screening guidelines
  • References
  • 2
  • Epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Prevalence in low-income countries
  • Survival and stage at diagnosis
  • Cervical cancer elimination
  • Role of HPV in cervical cancer
  • HPV pathogenesis
  • Role of low-risk HPV
  • Role of high-risk HPV
  • References
  • 3
  • Prevention, screening, vaccination
  • Prevention
  • Screening
  • Criteria for screening tests
  • Screening methods for cervical cancer
  • Cervical cytology
  • HPV test
  • Co-test
  • Alternative screening methods
  • HPV vaccination
  • HPV vaccine side effects
  • Recommended HPV vaccine dosing
  • Pre/postvaccination recommendations
  • Catch up vaccinations
  • Cervical screening postvaccination
  • Changing to 9-valent vaccine
  • HPV vaccination contraindication
  • HPV vaccine and immune deficiency
  • References
  • 4
  • Colposcope
  • Objective lenses and focal length
  • Illumination and filters
  • Magnification
  • Oculars and monocular-observation tubes
  • Video and photographic systems for optical colposcopes
  • Mounting
  • Focus controls
  • Cost
  • Colposcope care
  • Examination table and instrument stand
  • Colposcopic instruments
  • Vaginal specula
  • Lateral sidewall retractors
  • Endocervical specula
  • Biopsy forceps
  • Endocervical curette
  • Other instruments
  • Chemical agents and supplies
  • Saline
  • Acetic acid solution
  • Lugol's solution
  • Monsel's solution
  • Silver nitrate sticks
  • Topical and local anesthetics
  • Disposable supplies
  • Colpophotography.
  • Image, data management, and patient tracking systems
  • References
  • 5
  • Colposcopy
  • Colposcopy indications
  • Colposcopy contraindications
  • Who is a colposcopist?
  • Colposcopy preparation
  • Initial clinical workup
  • Adjustments to personalize the colposcope
  • Systematic approach to colposcopy
  • Insert vaginal speculum and inspect cervix
  • Obtain a cervical cytology smear, if necessary
  • Obtain specimens for laboratory examination, if necessary
  • Apply normal saline solution
  • Apply acetic acid
  • Apply Lugol's iodine solution
  • Colposcopy directed cervical biopsy
  • Apply Monsel's paste or silver nitrate stick after biopsy
  • Perform endocervical curettage, if necessary
  • Performing ECC
  • Inspect vaginal walls, vulva, perineum, and perianal areas
  • Bimanual and rectal examination
  • Explain the findings to the woman
  • Document the findings
  • Postprocedure instructions
  • After colposcopy
  • References
  • 6
  • Terminology
  • International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) nomenclature 2011
  • Identification of the TZ
  • "Must do" steps in doing colposcopy
  • Abnormal colposcopic findings are categorized in two groups
  • Acetowhite epithelium
  • Leukoplakia
  • Cuffed crypt (gland) opening
  • Inner border sign
  • Ridge Sign
  • Umbilication
  • Punctation
  • Mosaicism
  • Atypical blood vessels
  • Condylomata
  • References
  • 7
  • Normal anatomy, histology, and cytology
  • Anatomy
  • Normal histology
  • Epithelium
  • Cervical stroma
  • Normal cytology
  • Transition/transformation zone (TZ)
  • Squamous metaplasia
  • References
  • 8
  • Cytology definitions of squamous and glandular abnormalities
  • Terminology and historical perspective
  • Definition and morphological criteria for the diagnosis of epithelial cell abnormalities
  • Squamous cell abnormalities
  • Morphologic criteria.
  • Atypical squamous cell- cannot exclude HSIL (ASCH)
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)
  • High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Glandular cell abnormalities
  • Atypical endocervical cell, NOS
  • Atypical endometrial cell, NOS
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Atypical endocervical cell, favor neoplastic
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ
  • Morphologic criteria
  • Endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Morphologic criteria
  • References
  • 9
  • Histopathology definitions
  • Terminology and historical perspective
  • WHO 2020 recommended terminology
  • Morphologic diagnostic criteria of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL)
  • SIL grading
  • Koilocytic change
  • Histopathologic features of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN 1, condyloma)
  • Morphologic variants of LSIL
  • Condyloma accuminatum
  • Papillary immature metaplasia
  • Flat cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN1)
  • Histopathologic features of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN2, 3)
  • HSIL (CIN2)
  • HSIL (CIN3)
  • Morphologic variants of HSIL
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Morphologic patterns
  • Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)
  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma: The most common type of HPVA ECA
  • HPV-independent endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Clear cell carcinoma
  • Mesonephric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Endometrioid-type endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Endocervical adenocarcinoma, NOS
  • Other types of invasive carcinoma
  • Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
  • Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
  • References
  • 10
  • Standard reporting of cervical biopsy, endocervical curettage, excisional procedures and hysterectomies for in.
  • Biopsy and endocervical curettage (ECC)
  • Excisional procedures (Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) or conization)
  • Hysterectomy specimens
  • References
  • 11
  • Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of ...
  • Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)
  • Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)
  • Histologic features of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN1)
  • Management of patients 25 years or older with histologic LSIL (CIN 1)
  • Management of patients &lt
  • 25years with histologic LSIL (CIN 1)
  • References
  • 12
  • High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN 2, 3)
  • Cytologic definition and morphologic criteria of ASC-H and HSIL
  • Atypical squamous cell, cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H)
  • High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)
  • Histologic features of HSIL
  • Management of Histologic-HSIL (CIN 2 or 3)
  • Short-term follow-up after treatment for histologic HSIL (
  • Long-term follow-up after treatment for high-grade histology or cytology (
  • Patients younger than 25 years (
  • References
  • 13
  • Adenocarcinoma in situ
  • Cytologic definition and morphologic criteria of atypical glandular cell (endocervical), not otherwise specified (NOS), fav ...
  • Histologic features and classification of adenocarcinoma in situ
  • Management of AIS
  • References
  • 14
  • Invasive carcinoma
  • Cytologic definition and morphologic criteria of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
  • Histologic features and classification of SCC
  • Histologic features and classification of endocervical adenocarcinoma
  • Management of early stage cervical cancer (stage IA1, IA2, IB1, IB2)
  • References
  • 15
  • Colposcopy during pregnancy
  • Managing patients during pregnancy
  • References
  • 16
  • Expedited treatment
  • Reference.
  • 17
  • Treatment of cervical pre-invasive lesions
  • Introduction
  • Choosing the treatment approach
  • Need for diagnostic Specimen
  • Ablative treatment
  • General procedural issues
  • Choosing an ablation technique
  • Cryotherapy
  • CO2 laser
  • Thermal ablation (cold coagulation)
  • Diathermy
  • Ablative treatment outcome
  • Excisional procedures
  • Cervical conization
  • Cold knife conization(CKC)
  • CKC considerations
  • Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)
  • Laser conization
  • Post-operative instructions
  • Early complications
  • Intraoperative bleeding
  • Uterine perforation
  • Laceration of bladder and rectum
  • Postoperative bleeding
  • Infection
  • Late complications
  • Outcome
  • Reproductive effects of treatment
  • Mechanisms for adverse reproductive effects
  • Obstetric complications
  • PPROM
  • Preterm delivery (PTD)
  • Modifying factors
  • Depth of excision
  • Number of procedures
  • Multiple gestations
  • Short interval from treatment to pregnancy
  • Procedure in pregnancy
  • Obstetric management in subsequent pregnancy
  • Re-excision in CIN
  • Hysterectomy in CIN
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Index
  • Back Cover.