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Organic agriculture and biodiversity in China
Organic Agriculture and Biodiversity in China provides a comprehensive introduction to the development of organic agriculture in China, covering its origins, government policies, management and institutional systems, and socio-economic benefits. It also provides insights into China's policies on biodiversity conservation and the implementation of biodiversity conventions. Through the use of case studies, the book showcases the role and effectiveness of organic agriculture in conserving biodiversity. Additionally, it presents an outlook on the future development of organic agriculture and biodiversity conservation in China. Written by experts from the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei University of Engineering, and other esteemed institutions, this book explores the role that organic agriculture plays in protecting biodiversity and how the government can support or hinder organic agriculture. Through the utilization of in-depth interviews with farmers and government agencies, field surveying, and literature review, the book critically reviews novel research to provide a systematic comparison of biodiversity between organic and conventional agriculture. Organic Agriculture and Biodiversity in China is an important resource for researchers, students, policymakers, and the general public seeking to understand the environmental impact of organic agriculture.
Front Cover -- Organic Agriculture and Biodiversity in China -- Organic Agriculture and Biodiversity in China -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 -- Introduction -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 2 -- The origin and development of organic agriculture in China -- Abbreviations -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 What is organic agriculture? -- 2.3 Global development of organic agriculture -- 2.3.1 Organic 1.0-pioneers from around the world -- 2.3.2 Organic 2.0-norming and performing -- 2.3.3 Organic 3.0-goal and concept -- 2.4 Rise and development of the organic agriculture in China -- 2.5 Organizational forms and characteristics of organic production subjects in China -- 2.6 Development prospects of organic agriculture in China -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 -- Agro-biodiversity conservation and implications in China -- Abbreviations -- 3.1 History of implementation of The Convention on Biological Diversity -- 3.1.1 Provisions of the convention -- 3.1.2 COP decisions on agrobiodiversity -- 3.1.2.1 COP1 -- 3.1.2.2 COP2 -- 3.1.2.3 COP3 -- 3.1.2.4 COP4 -- 3.1.2.5 COP5 -- 3.1.2.6 COP6 -- 3.1.2.7 COP7 -- 3.1.2.8 COP8 -- 3.1.2.9 COP9 -- 3.1.2.10 COP10 -- 3.1.2.11 COP11 -- 3.1.2.12 COP12 -- 3.1.2.13 COP13 -- 3.1.2.14 COP14 -- 3.1.2.15 COP15 -- 3.1.3 Major challenges -- 3.1.3.1 The trend of biodiversity loss is still accelerating globally -- 3.1.3.2 Implementation challenges facing the parties -- 3.2 Progress in agrobiodiversity in China -- 3.2.1 Globally important agricultural cultural heritage systems -- 3.2.2 Fisheries and sustainable supply chain -- 3.2.2.1 Ramping up the conservation of aquatic biological resources -- 3.2.2.2 Zero tolerance on IUU fishing -- 3.2.2.3 Active participation in setting up sustainable supply chain standards for international trade in fisheries -- 3.2.3 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
3.2.4 Agricultural biodiversity -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further reading -- 4 -- Organic agriculture management system and institutional system in China -- Abbreviations -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Organic agriculture management system in China -- 4.2.1 Ecology and environment agencies -- 4.2.2 Agriculture and rural affairs agencies -- 4.2.3 Market regulation agencies -- 4.3 The institutional system of organic agriculture in China -- 4.3.1 Laws and regulations on organic agriculture -- 4.3.2 Organic agriculture related standards -- 4.3.3 Features of the organic certification system in China -- 4.4 National-level organic agriculture demonstration creation -- 4.4.1 National organic food production base-Ministry of Ecology and Environment -- 4.4.2 National organic agriculture products base-China Green Food Development Center -- 4.4.3 National Organic Certification Demonstration Area-Certification and Accreditation Administration of China -- 4.4.4 Differences between the three -- 4.5 Implications -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 -- Public policies in support of organic agriculture in China -- Abbreviations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 National-level public policies in support of organic agriculture in China -- 5.2.1 Promoting the integrated development of organic agriculture and environmental protection -- 5.2.2 Promoting orderly development of organic agriculture -- 5.2.3 Promoting the scientific development of organic agriculture -- 5.3 Policies and measures by local governments in support of organic agriculture -- 5.4 Policy connections between organic agriculture and biodiversity protection -- 5.4.1 Development of green agriculture and the establishment of agricultural ecosystems -- 5.4.2 Synergetic development of promoting biodiversity protection and ecological poverty alleviation -- 5.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References.
6 -- Biodiversity conservation policies of China -- Abbreviations -- 6.1 Institutional mechanism for biodiversity conservation in China -- 6.1.1 Central government -- 6.1.2 Local governments -- 6.1.3 Non-governmental organizations -- 6.1.4 Public engagement -- 6.2 Biodiversity conservation policies of China -- 6.2.1 The biodiversity conservation in China white paper -- 6.2.2 The opinions on further strengthening biodiversity conservation -- 6.2.3 China national biodiversity conservation strategy and action plan -- 6.2.4 Policies related to agricultural biodiversity -- 6.3 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- 7 -- Landscape approaches for biodiversity conservation and utilization in agricultural landscape -- 7.1 Biodiversity in agricultural landscape -- 7.1.1 Introduction of biodiversity -- 7.1.2 Agrobiodiversity -- 7.2 Ecosystem service -- utilization of agricultural biodiversity -- 7.2.1 Diversity of crops -- 7.2.2 Beneficial insects -- 7.2.2.1 Natural enemies and pest biological control -- 7.2.2.2 Pollinators and pollination -- 7.3 Biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscape -- 7.3.1 Principles of landscape-mediated biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscape -- 7.3.1.1 Capture key biodiversity species and priority protection of hot spots for agricultural landscape biodiversity -- 7.3.1.2 Biodiversity conservation at multiple scales -- 7.3.1.3 Multiple stakeholders -- 7.3.1.4 Increase the area of noncrop/seminatural habitats in the agricultural landscape -- 7.3.1.5 Increase the connectivity of noncrop/seminatural habitats -- 7.3.2 Approaches in agricultural biodiversity conservation -- 7.3.2.1 Increase crop diversity within-field level -- 7.3.2.1.1 Crop rotation (increase temporal diversity of crops) -- 7.3.2.1.2 Intercropping system (increase spatial diversity of crops) -- 7.3.2.2 Increase seminatural habitats at multiple scales.
7.3.2.2.1 Beetle banks -- 7.3.2.2.2 Wildflower strips -- 7.3.2.2.3 Linear seminatural habitats -- 7.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 -- The impact of organic cultivation on arthropod diversity in agricultural ecosystems: A case study of organic tea planta ... -- Abbreviations -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Pest control in Chinese tea production and the evolution of organic tea in China -- 8.3 Techniques of pest control in organic tea plantation -- 8.4 The characteristics and influencing mechanisms of arthropod diversity in organic tea plantations -- 8.4.1 Arthropod community composition and diversity characteristics in different types of tea plantations -- 8.4.2 Factors affecting arthropod community diversity in tea plantation -- 8.5 Conclusions and future prospects -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 9 -- Farmland bird diversity in China -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Farmland bird diversity in China -- 9.3 Study on bird diversity in organic farmland in China -- 9.4 Protection strategies for farmland bird diversity conservation in China -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 -- Biodiversity survey in typical organic agriculture production regions of China -- Abbreviations -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Leave a few persimmons for the birds: organic agriculture gives back "golden fruits"-Daizhuang Village, Jurong City, Jiangs ... -- 10.2.1 About the region -- 10.2.2 Organic agriculture developments -- 10.2.3 Biodiversity survey results -- 10.3 Waterside organic agriculture for both water source and biodiversity conservation -- 10.3.1 About the region -- 10.3.2 Organic agriculture developments -- 10.3.3 Biodiversity survey results -- 10.4 Organic agriculture for a solid ecological foundation-Jiande City, Zhejiang Province -- 10.4.1 About the region -- 10.4.2 Organic agriculture developments -- 10.4.2.1 The initial stage.
10.4.2.2 Strategic breakthrough stage -- 10.4.2.3 High-quality development stage -- 10.4.3 Biodiversity survey results -- 10.5 From green mountains to gold mountains-Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province -- 10.5.1 About the region -- 10.5.2 Organic agriculture developments -- 10.5.2.1 Policy environment -- 10.5.2.2 Development journey -- 10.5.3 Biodiversity survey results -- 10.6 No. 1 organic County in Western China-Xichong County, Sichuan Province -- 10.6.1 About the region -- 10.6.2 Organic agriculture developments -- 10.6.2.1 Policy environment -- 10.6.2.2 Development journey and current status -- 10.6.3 Biodiversity survey results -- 10.6.3.1 Zhaojiamiao organic (conventional) peach production base -- 10.6.3.2 Tianmashan organic (conventional) citrus production base -- 10.6.3.3 Organic (conventional) rice production base in Renhe -- 10.6.3.4 Xingyi organic (conventional) vegetable production base -- 10.6.3.5 Fengming organic (conventional) grape production base -- 10.7 Implications of the development of organic agriculture for biodiversity protection -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 -- Conclusions and future prospects -- 11.1 Organic agriculture in China exhibits distinct regional characteristics -- 11.2 Recommendations for the future of organic agriculture in China -- 11.3 Ten-year outlook on biodiversity conservation in China -- 11.4 How organic agriculture in China and globally will promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable use in the future -- Acknowledgment -- Index -- Back Cover.
Includes bibliographical references and index.