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Advances in thermoplastic elastomers : challenges and opportunities /

This book delves into the advancements in thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), focusing on their synthesis, properties, and applications. Edited by experts in the field, it covers a wide range of topics including block copolymer phase separation, thermoplastic vulcanizates, and the chemistry of blending...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Singha, Nikhil K., Jana, Sadhan C.
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2024.
Subjects:
Elastomers.
Thermoplastics.
Élastomères.
Thermoplastiques.
elastomer.
thermoplastic.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Advances in Thermoplastic Elastomers
  • Advances in Thermoplastic Elastomers: Challenges and Opportunities
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • List of contributors
  • Preface
  • 1
  • Introduction
  • 1. Background and historical aspects
  • 2. An introduction to TPEs
  • 3. Classification of TPE and types of polymers used for the synthesis of TPEs
  • 4. Thermoplastic vulcanizates
  • 5. Sustainable TPEs
  • 6. Processing of TPEs
  • 6.1 Additives
  • 7. Applications of TPEs
  • 8. TPE market
  • References
  • 2
  • TPEs and TPVs from research to commercialization including patents and published literature
  • 1. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE)
  • 2. Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV)
  • 3. Research versus commercial development [12,13]
  • 4. TPE: Polyurethane
  • 5. Polyolefin TPE
  • 6. TPV PP/EPDM and similar
  • 6.1 Development
  • 6.2 TPV engineering thermoplastics/rubbers
  • 6.3 PP/EPDM process development
  • 6.4 PP/EPDM structure-property development
  • 7. Conclusion
  • References
  • 3
  • Block copolymer phase separation basics, thermodynamics, and applications in thermoplastic elastomers
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Block copolymers: fundamentals
  • 3. Characterization tools for phase segregation
  • 3.1 Differential scanning calorimetry
  • 3.2 Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis
  • 3.3 Small angle X-ray scattering
  • 3.4 Wide-angle X-ray scattering
  • 3.5 Transmission electron microscopy
  • 4. Ways to control the morphology of the block copolymers: a platform for nanofabrication
  • 4.1 Nanofabrication using block copolymers
  • 4.2 Orientation of BCP nanostructures
  • 4.3 The process of DSA of BCPs
  • 4.4 Nanolithography
  • 4.5 Nanoreactors for the generation of nanoparticles
  • 4.6 Surface patterning with nanoparticles
  • 4.7 Nanocapsules
  • 4.8 Photonic crystals
  • 4.9 Nanoporous materials.
  • 5. Miscibility, phase separation, and mechanism of phase separation from the thermodynamic point of view
  • 5.1 Thermodynamics of phase separation
  • 6. Thermoplastic elastomers: fundamentals and applications
  • 6.1 Various properties of TPEs
  • 6.2 Applications of thermoplastic elastomers
  • 6.3 Recent developments in TPEs
  • 6.3.1 Advances in TPEs from living polymerizations
  • 6.3.2 Bio-based TPEs
  • 6.3.3 TPEs in the biomedical industry
  • 6.3.4 TPEs by dynamic vulcanization
  • 7. Conclusions and future outlook
  • References
  • 4
  • Styrenic-based thermoplastic elastomers by anionic polymerization
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. General principles for the design of styrenic TPEs
  • 2.1 The choice of monomers
  • 2.2 The composition of the polymer
  • 2.3 Macromolecular architecture
  • 3. Linear-type SBCs for TPEs
  • 3.1 ABA-type triblock copolymers
  • 3.1.1 Polystyrene and polydiene-based TPEs
  • 3.1.2 TPEs based on polystyrene derivatives
  • 3.1.3 TPEs by postpolymerization reactions
  • 3.2 ABC-type triblock terpolymers
  • 3.3 Multiblock-type copolymers
  • 4. Nonlinear/Complex macromolecular architectures of SBCs for TPEs
  • 4.1 Star block copolymers for TPEs
  • 4.2 Graft copolymers for TPEs
  • 5. Conclusions
  • References
  • 5
  • New class of thermoplastic elastomers based on acrylic block copolymers
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Synthesis approaches to acrylic TPEs
  • 3. Molecular weight between entanglements (Me)
  • 4. Approaches to improve the performance of acrylic TPEs
  • 4.1 Composition tuning with distinct glass transition mismatch
  • 4.2 Complex architectures
  • 4.3 Introducing other driving forces
  • 4.4 Compounding
  • 5. Recent developments and applications in acrylic TPEs
  • 6. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • 6
  • Polyolefin-based thermoplastic vulcanizates and thermoplastic elastomers: fundamental chemistry problems.
  • 1. Polyolefin TPEs and TPVs are not rubbers
  • 2. Synthesis
  • 2.1 Polyolefin TPEs
  • 2.2 Polyolefin TPEs by condensation
  • 2.3 Polyolefin TPEs by propagation
  • 2.4 Polyolefin TPV
  • 3. Synthesis polyolefin-ethylene-octene TPE
  • 4. Thermal failure and creep effects
  • 5. Plasticizers
  • 6. Characterization and morphology
  • References
  • Further reading
  • 7
  • Polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomers: fundamental blending issues
  • 1. Polymer blends
  • 2. Thermoplastic elastomers
  • 3. Classification of TPEs
  • 4. Preparation of PP-based TPEs by blending PP with compatible rubber components
  • 5. Preparation of PP-based TPEs by blending PP with compatible rubber components in the presence of compatibilizers
  • 6. Preparation of PP-based TPEs by blending PP with incompatible rubber components with physical and reactive compatibilization
  • 7. Preparation of PP-based TPE nanocomposites by blending PP with different rubbers (either in the presence or absence of comp ...
  • References
  • 8
  • Polyolefin-based TPEs: reactive processing
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Dynamic vulcanization through reactive processing
  • 3. Cross-linking systems
  • 3.1 Sulfur
  • 3.2 Peroxides
  • 3.3 Phenolic resins
  • 4. Morphology and rheological behavior
  • 5. Special types of TPEs/TPVs
  • 5.1 TPVs based on recycled polymers
  • 5.2 TPVs from bio-based thermoplastics
  • 5.3 TPVs-based nanocomposites
  • 6. Concluding remarks
  • References
  • Further reading
  • 9
  • Thermoplastic elastomers based on polyisobutylene
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. PIB-based styrenic TPEs
  • 3. PIB-based nonstyrenic TPEs
  • 4. PIB-based block copolymer TPE composites
  • 5. PIB-containing polyurethane TPEs
  • 6. Applications of PIB-based TPEs
  • 7. Challenges
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • 10
  • Thermoplastic elastomers based on graft copolymers
  • List of abbreviations
  • 1. Introduction.
  • 2. Chemistry of polymer grafting
  • 3. Polymer architecture and TPEs
  • 4. Graft copolymers-based TPEs
  • 4.1 Graft copolymers of polysaccharides
  • 4.2 Graft copolymerization of soya bean protein isolated and methyl acrylate
  • 4.3 Multigraft copolymer
  • 4.4 Polyolefin graft polymer
  • 5. Properties and applications of graft copolymers-based TPEs
  • 6. Conclusions
  • 7. Perspectives
  • References
  • 11
  • Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) from rubber-plastic blends
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Selection of materials for TPE-based blends
  • 2.1 Thermoplastics and rubbers
  • 3. Preparation of TPEs
  • 3.1 Solution casting
  • 3.2 Melt blending
  • 3.3 Freeze drying
  • 4. Fabrication techniques
  • 5. Compatibilization
  • 5.1 Compatibilization by the action of nanofillers
  • 6. Dynamic vulcanization
  • 7. Characterization of the TPEs and TPVs
  • 7.1 Morphology
  • 7.2 Rheology
  • 7.3 Mechanical properties
  • 7.3.1 Deformation and recovery behavior thermoplastic vulcanizates
  • 7.4 Dynamic mechanical analysis
  • 7.5 Thermal analysis
  • 7.6 Synchrotron X-ray studies
  • 7.7 Aging
  • 7.8 Diffusion
  • 8. Applications of TPEs
  • 8.1 Applications of TPVs
  • 9. Conclusions
  • References
  • 12
  • Co-polyesters-based thermoplastic elastomers (Co-PE TPEs)
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Co-polyester developments to thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs)
  • 3. Co-polyester thermoplastic elastomers (Co-PE TPEs)
  • 3.1 Synthetic route to Co-PE TPEs
  • 3.2 Commercial manufacturing of Co-PE TPEs
  • 3.3 Properties of Co-PE TPEs
  • 3.4 Major applications of Co-PE TPEs
  • 4. Published literature on Co-PE TPEs: various soft blocks
  • 4.1 Co-PE TPEs with aliphatic ethers: poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGs) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) (p-THF)
  • 4.2 Co-PE TPEs with poly(organosiloxane)s
  • 4.3 Co-PE TPEs with diacids and diols derived from renewal resource
  • 5. Summary and outlook
  • Acknowledgment.