Molecular medical microbiology /

Molecular Medical Microbiology, Third Edition presents the latest release in what is considered to be the first book to synthesize new developments in both molecular and clinical research. The molecular age has brought about dramatic changes in medical microbiology, along with great leaps in our und...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author:	ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors:	Tang, Yi-Wei (Editor), Hindiyeh, Musa Y. (Editor), Liu, Dongyou (Editor), Sails, Andrew (Editor), Spearman, Paul (Editor), Zhang, Jing-Ren (Editor)
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	London, United Kingdom ; San Diego, CA, United States ; Cambridge, MA, United States : Elsevier, Academic Press, an Imprint of Elsevier, [2024]
Edition:	Third edition.
Subjects:	Medical microbiology. Molecular microbiology. Microbiological Phenomena Molecular Biology > methods Microbiologie médicale. Microbiologie moléculaire. Medical microbiology Molecular microbiology Microbiologia mèdica. Microbiologia molecular. Electronic books. Llibres electrònics.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

1. Molecular medical microbiology-from bench to bedside
1.1 The concept
1.2 The evolving concept
1.3 From bench to bedside
References
1 Bacterial structure
2 Classification of medically important bacteria
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Basics of bacterial taxonomy
2.3 Gram-negative bacteria
2.3.1 Enterobacterales
2.3.1.1 Enterobacter spp
2.3.1.2 Klebsiella spp
2.3.1.3 Citrobacter spp
2.3.1.4 Escherichia and Shigella
2.3.1.5 Pseudomonas spp
2.3.1.6 Other glucose nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli
2.3.1.7 Acinetobacter spp
2.3.1.8 Burkholderia spp
2.4 Gram-positive bacteria
2.4.1 Mycobacterium
2.4.1.1 Staphylococci
2.4.1.2 Viridans group streptococci
2.5 Conclusion and summary
References
3 Bacterial ultrastructure
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Overview of bacterial ultrastructures
3.3 Surface appendages
3.4 Flagella
3.5 Pili and fimbriae
3.6 Capsules and S-layers
3.7 Membrane vesicles
3.8 Bacterial cell walls
3.9 Gram-negative bacterial cell wall
3.10 Gram-positive bacterial cell walls
3.11 Mycobacteria
3.12 Cell wall-deficient bacteria
3.13 Cell walls of Archea and surface appendages
3.14 Cytoplasmic membrane
3.15 Nucleoid
3.16 Bacterial cell division
3.17 Cytoplasmic inclusions
3.18 Outlook
References
4 Bacterial cell walls: peptidoglycan
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The basic chemical structure of peptidoglycan
4.2.1 The glycan strands in peptidoglycan
4.2.2 The stem peptides in peptidoglycan
4.2.3 Peptide cross-links
4.2.4 Variation of the fine structure
4.3 Biophysical properties of peptidoglycan
4.3.1 Thickness of peptidoglycan
4.3.2 Elasticity of sacculi.
4.3.3 Pores in the sacculus
4.4 Architecture of peptidoglycan
4.5 Peptidoglycan biosynthesis and modifications
4.5.1 Cytoplasmic steps to UDP-MurNAc pentapeptide
4.5.2 Synthesis of the lipid-linked precursor
4.5.3 Variation in the lipid II structure
4.5.4 Peptidoglycan synthases
4.5.5 Peptidoglycan hydrolases
4.5.6 Secondary modifications in the peptidoglycan structure
4.6 Covalent attachment of secondary cell wall polymers to peptidoglycan
4.7 Covalent attachment of proteins to peptidoglycan
4.8 Peptidoglycan synthesis during the cell cycle
4.8.1 Peptidoglycan synthesis complexes active in cell elongation and division
4.8.2 Molecular mechanism of peptidoglycan growth: the 3-for-1 growth model
4.8.3 Regulation of peptidoglycan growth from the inside and outside
Acknowledgments
References
5 Bacterial capsules
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Chemical and structural properties of the capsules
5.2.1 Primary structures
5.2.2 Secondary structures
5.2.3 Other properties of capsular polysaccharides
5.3 Genetics of capsule biosynthesis
5.3.1 Gram-negative bacteria
5.3.2 Gram-positive bacteria
5.4 Biosynthesis of the capsules
5.4.1 Wzy-dependent polymerization
5.4.2 ABC transporter-dependent polymerization
5.4.3 Synthase-dependent polymerization
5.4.4 Attachment of bacterial capsules to the cell surface
5.5 Regulation of capsule production
5.5.1 Modulation at the DNA level
5.5.2 Modulation at the transcriptional level
5.5.3 Posttranscriptional regulation
5.5.4 Metabolic regulation
5.6 Biological functions of the capsules
5.6.1 Capsules as a virulence factors
5.6.2 Capsules as an immune evasion factor
5.6.3 Other functions of capsules
5.7 The capsules as targets for host immunity and therapeutics.
5.7.1 Molecular recognition of bacterial capsules by host immune systems
5.7.2 Capsules as vaccine antigens
5.7.3 Capsules as therapeutic targets
5.8 Conclusion and prospect
Acknowledgments
References
6 Flagella
6.1 Flagellar function
6.1.1 Estimation of torque
6.1.2 Tumbling
6.1.3 Energy source
6.2 Flagellar structure
6.2.1 Filament
6.2.1.1 Flagellin (Hag or FliC)
6.3 Phase variation
6.4 Filament structure
6.5 Filament helicity
6.5.1 Polymorphism
6.6 Calladine model
6.6.1 Flagella family
6.7 Hook
6.7.1 Hook protein
6.7.2 Universal joint
6.7.3 Hook length control
6.8 Hook-associated proteins
6.8.1 Basal body
6.9 Rod
6.10 The LP ring complex
6.10.1 The MS ring complex
6.11 The cytoplasmic ring
6.12 Flagellar protein export apparatus
6.13 Chaperones
6.14 The Mot proteins
6.15 Assembly system of flagella
6.15.1 Morphogenesis
6.15.2 Distal growth
6.15.3 Cap proteins
6.16 Protein export apparatus
6.16.1 Type 3 secretion system
6.16.2 Substrate specificity switching
6.17 Morphological pathway
6.18 In the cytoplasm
6.19 In the periplasmic space
6.20 Outside the cell
6.21 Origin of flagella
6.21.1 Type 3 secretion system
6.21.2 FOF1-ATPase
6.22 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
7 Bacterial pili and fimbriae
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Chaperone-usher pathway pilus represented by type I fimbriae and P pilus of Escherichia coli
7.2.1 Structure of type I fimbriae and pili
7.2.2 Biogenesis model of type I fimbriae and P pili
7.2.3 Alternative chaperone/usher pathways
7.2.4 Regulation of type I fimbriae and P pili
7.2.5 Function of type I fimbriae and pili
7.3 Type IV fimbriae and P pilus
7.3.1 Structure and biogenesis of type IV fimbriae and pili.
7.3.2 Regulation of type IV fimbriae and pili
7.3.3 Function of type IV fimbriae and pili
7.3.4 Type V pilus
7.3.5 Structure of type V fimbriae and pili
7.3.6 Biogenesis model of type V fimbriae and pili
7.3.7 Regulation of type V fimbriae and pili
7.3.8 Function of type V fimbriae and pili
7.4 Development of novel therapeutics via targeting the pilus biogenesis
7.5 Emerging themes and future directions
Acknowledgment
References
8 Endospores, sporulation, and germination
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sporulation as a survival strategy
8.3 The endospore structure and resistance
8.4 Endospore formation
8.5 Spore awakening: germination
8.6 Endospore formers pathogens
8.7 Pathogenic spore formers control
8.8 Endospore detection
8.9 Endospore-based technology
8.9.1 Probiotics
8.9.2 Biocides
8.9.3 Biofuels and organic compounds
8.9.4 Bioparticles
References
2 Bacterial cell function
9 Bacterial growth and cultivation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Bacterial growth
9.2.1 Patterns of growth and sources of information
9.2.2 Molecular information related to bacterial growth
9.2.2.1 Ribosomal RNA
9.2.2.2 Chromosome replication
9.2.2.3 Cell division
9.2.2.4 Global regulatory proteins
9.2.3 Growth and stasis
9.2.3.1 Lag phase
9.2.3.2 Exponential phase
9.2.3.3 Stationary phase
9.2.3.4 Death phase
9.2.3.5 Exit from dormant or stationary cellular states and re-entry into growth
9.2.4 The Environmental factors that affect bacterial growth
9.2.4.1 Temperature
9.2.4.2 Oxygen
9.2.4.3 pH
9.2.4.4 Osmotic pressure
9.2.5 Unique growth forms: spores, biofilms, and persisters
9.3 Bacterial growth and antibiotics treatment
9.4 Bacterial cultivations
9.4.1 Historic perspective of cultivation
9.4.2 "As-yet-unculturable" bacteria.