Biofortification of grain and vegetable crops : molecular and breeding approaches /

Biofortification of Grain and Vegetable Crops: Molecular and Breeding Approaches is a comprehensive overview of important food crops whose vitamin and mineral enhancement can contribute significantly to improved food and nutrition security.

Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author:	ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors:	Azhar, Muhammad Tehseen, Ahman, Muhammad Qadir, Rana, Iqrar Ahmad, Atif, Rana Muhammad
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	London : Academic Press, 2024.
Subjects:	Crop improvement. Enriched foods. Food crops > Genetic engineering. Food crops > Breeding. Cultures > Amélioration. Aliments enrichis. Cultures vivrières > Génie génétique. Electronic books.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

Front Cover
Biofortification of Grain and Vegetable Crops
Copyright Page
Contents
List of contributors
Foreword
1 Biofortification of crops to achieve food and nutritional security
1.1 Status of malnutrition
1.2 Different approaches for nutrition enhancement
1.2.1 Food diversification
1.2.2 Food supplementation
1.2.3 Food fortification
1.2.4 Biofortification
1.2.4.1 Agronomic practices
1.2.4.2 Plant breeding
1.2.4.3 Genetic engineering
1.3 Current status of biofortified crops
1.4 Limitations and future prospects
1.5 Conclusion
References
2 Genetically modified organisms for crop biofortification
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Rice
2.3 Wheat
2.4 Soybean
2.5 Sorghum
2.6 Vegetables
2.7 Pulses
2.8 Fruit trees
References
Further reading
3 Maize biofortification in the 21st century
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Sustainability of biofortification
3.1.2 Latest technologies for future biofortification strategy
3.2 Pro-vitamin A biofortification in maize
3.2.1 Pro-vitamin A biofortified maize acceptability
3.2.2 Challenges of pro-vitamin A biofortification in maize
3.3 Zinc biofortification
3.3.1 Factors responsible for zinc photoavailability and uptake
3.3.2 Zinc remobilization to grain
3.3.3 Grain zinc bioavailability improvement
3.3.4 Zinc deficiency symptoms in maize
3.3.5 Maize is a suitable crop for biofortification to meet the targets of the 21st century
3.4 Iron biofortification
3.4.1 Iron bioavailability
3.5 Zinc and iron biofortification through transgenic approaches
3.6 Pseudocereals in the 21st century
References
4 Biofortified rice for zero hunger: current status, challenges, and prospects
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Hunger: a global issue
4.2.1 Achievements in the zero hunger challenge.
4.2.2 Effects of COVID-19 on zero hunger challenge
4.2.3 Future directions to achieve zero hunger
4.2.3.1 Food aid systems
4.2.3.2 Improving crop yield
4.2.3.3 Use of orphan crops
4.2.4 Other possible ways
4.3 Rice biofortification to eradicate hidden hunger
4.3.1 Importance of rice for zero hunger challenge
4.3.2 Biofortification of rice
4.3.3 Agronomic approach
4.3.4 Breeding and genetic approach
4.3.5 Biotechnological fortification
4.4 Conclusion
References
5 Agronomic and genetic biofortification of wheat: progress and limitations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Impact of micronutrient-deficient wheat on human health
5.3 Wheat biofortification: a promising landmark toward balanced human nutrition
5.4 Approaches for wheat biofortification
5.4.1 Agronomic approaches
5.4.1.1 Seed coating
5.4.1.2 Foliar application
5.4.1.3 Soil application
5.4.2 Genetic approaches
5.4.2.1 Conventional plant breeding
5.4.2.2 Genome mapping
5.4.2.3 Transgenic approaches
5.5 Limitations of biofortified wheat
References
6 Barley biofortification for food security: challenges and future prospects
6.1 Barley: a "super cereal"
6.2 Genetic variability of nutrients in grain profile of barley
6.3 Effects of bioactive compounds in barley grain
6.4 Approaches for barley biofortification
6.4.1 Possible options/approaches
6.5 Agronomic approach
6.6 Genetic approach
6.7 Hurdles/bottlenecks for barley biofortification
6.8 Bioavailability postfortification
6.9 Prioritizing and setting up the framework
6.9.1 Breeding targets
6.9.2 Market and demand creation
6.10 Conclusion and future perspectives
References
7 Biofortified sorghum: a prospectus of combating malnutrition
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biochemical and nutritional value of sorghum grain.
7.2.1 Chemical composition of sorghum grain
7.3 Malnourishment and its effects on human health
7.4 Biofortification in sorghum
7.5 Approaches to develop biofortified sorghum
7.5.1 Direct application of micronutrients or agronomic biofortification
7.5.1.1 Impact of micronutrients enhancement in sorghum
7.5.2 Breeding for biofortified sorghum
7.5.2.1 Conventional breeding approach
7.5.2.2 Procedures of micronutrients determination
7.5.3 Quantitative trait locus mapping for sorghum biofortification
7.5.4 Genetic engineering for sorghum biofortification
7.5.4.1 CRISPER-Cas-based genome editing in sorghum
7.6 Conclusion
References
8 Biofortification of chickpea: genetics, genomics, and breeding perspectives
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Research efforts toward evaluation of genetic diversity for nutrition traits
8.2.1 Genetic diversity for mineral elements
8.2.2 Genetic diversity for protein contents
8.2.3 Genetic diversity for fatty acids and lipids
8.2.4 Genetic diversity for antinutritional components
8.3 Toward omics-facilitated biofortification
8.3.1 Success in chickpea genomics and pan-genomics
8.3.2 Prospects of other omics technologies
8.4 Challenges and future perspectives
References
9 Biofortification potential of neglected protein legumes for combating hidden hunger in resource-poor countries
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Neglected and underutilized legumes
9.3 Factors affecting the nutritional quality of legumes
9.4 Strategies used to enhance nutrients in neglected and underutilized legumes
9.4.1 Biofortification
9.4.2 Agronomic biofortification
9.4.3 Conventional breeding
9.4.4 New breeding approaches
9.5 Ribonucleic acid interference
9.5.1 Transgenic breeding
9.5.2 MNUGLs and sustainable nutrition security
9.5.3 Ready to eat.
9.6 MNUGLs and PGPRs
9.7 Conclusion
References
10 Biofortification of Brassicas for oil and quality improvement
10.1 Biofortification-introduction
10.2 Need of biofortification research
10.2.1 Pathway of several approaches
10.3 Success stories of biofortification
10.3.1 Transgenic Brassica oleracea
10.3.2 Transgenic canola (Brassica napus)
10.3.2.1 Brassica napus
10.3.3 Transgenic mustard (Brassica juncea)
10.4 Agronomic approaches
10.4.1 Agronomic bofortification of canola
10.4.2 Mustard biofortification through agronomic practices
10.5 Conventional breeding
10.5.1 Breeding of Brassica oleracea
10.6 Drawbacks of biofortification
10.6.1 Drawbacks of conventional breeding methods
10.6.2 Drawbacks of transgenic methods
10.6.3 Other drawbacks
10.7 Conclusion
References
11 Tomato biofortification: evidence and tools linking agriculture and nutrition
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Carotenoids
11.3 Vitamins
11.4 Sugar content
11.5 Nutrient fortification through mobilization
References
12 Biofortification of potatoes to reduce malnutrition
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Background
12.3 Potato: an ideal crop for biofortification
12.4 Zinc fortification in potato
12.4.1 Zinc biofortification through agronomical approach
12.4.2 Zinc biofortification via foliar fertilizers
12.4.3 Zinc biofortification via potato tuber priming
12.5 Iron fortification in potato
12.5.1 Iron biofortification via plant genetics and breeding
12.5.2 Iron biofortification via transgenic approaches
12.6 Folate-fortified tubers
12.6.1 Folate fortification by overexpression of four folate biosynthesis genes
12.7 Iodine biofortified potato
12.7.1 Agronomic iodine biofortification of potato
12.8 Additional strategies for potato biofortification
12.9 Conclusion.