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Advances radiation shielding materials : radiation and radiological protection /

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Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials: Radiation and Radiological Protection provides an in-depth evaluation of the different types of radiation (x-rays, gamma rays, neutron, UV and EMI) and the development of radiation shielding materials that can be exploited for designing and use in multiple app...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Verma, Sarika, Srivastava, Avanish Kumar
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2024.
Subjects:
Shielding (Radiation) > Materials.
Radiation > Safety measures.
Blindage (Rayonnement) > Matériaux.
Rayonnement > Sécurité > Mesures.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials: Radiation and Radiological Protection
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Chapter 1: Basics of radiation
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.1.1. The nature of radiation
  • 1.1.2. Electromagnetic radiation
  • 1.1.3. Particulate radiation
  • 1.1.4. Ionizing and nonionizing radiation
  • 1.1.5. Radiation units and measurements
  • 1.1.6. Biological effects of radiation
  • 1.2. Conclusion
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 2: The gamma rays and the shielding
  • 2.1. Knowing gamma rays
  • 2.2. Gamma ray radiation shielding
  • 2.2.1. Coherent scattering
  • 2.2.2. Photoelectric effect
  • 2.2.3. Compton scattering
  • 2.2.4. Pair production
  • 2.3. Materials for designing gamma-ray radiation shielding
  • 2.4. Characterization of gamma-ray radiation shielding materials
  • 2.4.1. Shielding features required in other areas and mathematics of distributed radiation sources
  • Relevance of matter shielding features
  • 2.4.2. Distributed volume sources
  • 2.4.3. Point-like source
  • 2.4.4. Spherical volume source
  • 2.5. Expectations for gamma ray shielding in the short and long term
  • 2.6. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 3: X-ray radiation shielding material
  • Highlights
  • 3.1. General introduction of X-rays
  • 3.1.1. Radiation
  • 3.1.2. X-rays
  • 3.1.3. Radiation protection
  • 3.1.4. Interactions of X-rays with matter
  • 3.1.5. X-ray detectors
  • 3.2. Design and development of X-ray radiation shielding materials
  • 3.2.1. Materials suitable for X-ray attenuation
  • 3.2.2. The effect of particle size on X-ray attenuation
  • 3.2.3. Polymer nanocomposites
  • 3.2.4. Polymer nanocomposites to X-ray attenuation
  • 3.3. Characterization of X-ray radiation shielding materials
  • 3.4. Challenges and future prospects.
  • 3.4.1. Design and development of X-ray shielding materials
  • 3.4.2. Abstract of the different studies about X-ray shielding
  • 3.4.3. Challenges and future prospects
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Status and future outlook of X-ray shielding materials
  • Highlights
  • 4.1. General introduction: Background of X-rays
  • 4.2. Design and development of X-ray radiation shielding materials
  • 4.2.1. Inorganic-organic composites as X-ray shielding
  • 4.2.2. Inorganic glasses as X-ray shielding
  • 4.3. Characterization of X-ray shielding materials
  • 4.4. Conclusions, challenges, and future prospects
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding materials: Metals and alloys, 2D materials, polymers, and ca
  • Highlights
  • 5.1. General introduction: Background of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding
  • 5.2. Design and the development of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding materials
  • 5.3. Characterization of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding materials
  • 5.3.1. Measurement of the EMI SE
  • Coaxial transmission-line method adopting waveguides
  • 5.3.2. Measurement of conductivity
  • The resistivity of the bulk material
  • 5.3.3. Measurement of resistivity
  • Four-probe technique for determining resistivity of a thin sheet or film
  • 5.4. Conclusions, challenges, and prospects
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Synthesis and characterization of mineral based X-ray radiation shielding tile
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Experimental and analytical methods
  • 6.2.1. Raw materials and chemical analysis
  • 6.2.2. Compositions used for making samples for X-ray-shielding tile
  • 6.2.3. Synthesis of radiation-shielding materials and sintering
  • 6.2.4. Characterization
  • 6.2.5. Physicomechanical properties.
  • 6.3. Results and discussion
  • 6.4. Conclusions and future outlook
  • Acknowledgments
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding material epicenter to carbon filler-based composite
  • Highlights
  • 7.1. General introduction: Background of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding
  • 7.1.1. Theoretical-shielding effectiveness
  • 7.1.2. Reflection loss
  • 7.1.3. Absorption loss
  • 7.1.4. Multiple internal reflections
  • 7.1.5. Electromagnetic characteristics
  • 7.1.6. Experimental-shielding effectiveness
  • 7.2. Design and development of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference shielding materials
  • 7.2.1. Carbon nanotubes
  • 7.2.2. Graphene
  • 7.2.3. Graphene/CNT hybrid
  • 7.2.4. Fabrication of carbon nanofiller-based polymer nanocomposites
  • 7.3. Characterization of electromagnetic (EM radiation) interference-shielding materials
  • 7.3.1. Mechanical characterization
  • 7.3.2. Electrical conductivity
  • 7.3.3. Electromagnetic interference-shielding effectiveness
  • 7.3.4. Mechanical properties
  • 7.3.5. Electrical properties
  • 7.3.6. Electromagnetic interference shielding properties
  • 7.4. Conclusion
  • 7.5. Challenges and prospects
  • 7.5.1. Challenges
  • 7.5.2. Future prospects
  • Acknowledgment
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Advanced material for EMI shielding
  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.1.1. Effect of EMI radiation on human being and surrounding
  • 8.1.2. Different types of shielding components
  • 8.2. Electromagnetic interference shielding theory
  • 8.2.1. Reflection mechanism
  • 8.2.2. Absorption mechanism
  • 8.2.3. Multiple reflections mechanisms
  • 8.3. Advanced electromagnetic-shielding (EMS) materials
  • 8.3.1. Metal-based EMS materials
  • 8.3.2. Carbon-based EMS materials
  • 8.3.3. Core-shell structure-based EMI-shielding materials.
  • 12.2.3. Determination of the mechanical properties of developed advanced radiation protection tile
  • 12.3. Results and discussions
  • 12.3.1. Characterization
  • 12.3.2. Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the developed sample
  • 12.4. Conclusion
  • Acknowledgment
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 13: Lead-free, multilayered, and nanosized radiation shields in medical applications, industrial, and space resear
  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.1.1. Lead versus lead-free shields
  • 13.1.2. Lightweight composite shields
  • 13.1.3. Transparent shields
  • 13.1.4. Radiation-shielding materials containing nanomaterials
  • 13.1.5. Multilayered shield
  • 13.1.6. Special materials for neutron shielding
  • 13.1.7. Space radiation shielding
  • 13.2. Conclusion and future perspectives
  • Acknowledgments
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Chapter 14: Advanced smart textiles for ultraviolet radiation-shielding applications-A review
  • 14.1. Introduction
  • 14.2. UV protection textiles
  • 14.3. UVI (UV index)
  • 14.4. Sun protection factor (SPF)
  • 14.5. Developments in the UV protection fabrics
  • 14.6. Conclusion
  • Acknowledgment
  • Conflict of interest
  • References
  • Index.