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Ion-exchange chromatography and related techniques /

Ion-Exchange Chromatography and Related Techniques defines the current state-of-the-art in ion-exchange chromatography and related techniques and their implementation in laboratory and industrial practice. This book provides a compact source of information to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Oxford, United Kingdom ; Cambridge MA : Elsevier, [2024]
Series:Handbooks in separation science
Subjects:
Ion exchange chromatography.
Chromatographie par échange d'ions.
ion-exchange chromatography.
Ion exchange chromatography
Cromatografia de bescanvi iònic.
Electronic books.
Llibres electrònics.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Ion-Exchange Chromatography and Related Techniques
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Chapter 1: Concepts and milestones in the development of ion-exchange chromatography
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Fundamentals
  • 2.1. Retention mechanism for small ions
  • 2.2. Retention mechanisms for polyelectrolytes
  • 3. Column chromatography
  • 3.1. Porous polymer ion exchangers for the separation of low-mass ions
  • 3.2. Restricted access media
  • 3.3. Ion exchangers for large-scale separations
  • 4. Large-scale ion-exchange separations
  • 5. Landmark developments in biotechnology for downstream processing using ion-exchange chromatography
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Equilibria and kinetics of ion-exchange of biopolymers
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Dynamic models
  • 2.1. Classification of the models
  • 2.2. Formulation of mass balance equations in the GR model
  • 2.3. Transport-dispersive model
  • 2.3.1. Model formulation
  • 2.4. Compatibility of GR and TD models
  • 2.5. Reaction-dispersive model
  • 3. Kinetic equations of adsorption-desorption rate
  • 3.1. Kinetics of SMA formalism
  • 3.2. Kinetics of cooperative adsorption
  • 3.3. Kinetics of protein unfolding upon adsorption
  • 4. Adsorption-desorption equilibria: Isotherm equations
  • 4.1. SMA formalism
  • 4.2. Cooperative adsorption isotherm
  • 4.3. CPA isotherm
  • 4.4. Determination of isotherm coefficients
  • 4.4.1. SMA model
  • 4.4.2. Cooperative adsorption isotherm
  • 4.4.3. CPA isotherm
  • 5. Causes of misinterpretation of the elution data
  • 5.1. Effect of feed viscosity on the process kinetics
  • 5.2. Effect of competitive adsorption
  • 5.3. Effect of column void volumes
  • 6. Procedure for design of IEX process
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Stationary phases for ion separations
  • 1. Ion-exchange terminology
  • 2. Classification of ion-exchangers.
  • 2.1. Matrix or type of substrate material
  • 2.1.1. Inorganic materials
  • 2.1.2. Synthetic organic polymers
  • 2.1.3. Hybrid matrices
  • 2.2. Structure of ion-exchangers
  • 2.2.1. Column packing morphology
  • 2.2.2. Localization of fixed charges in ion-exchangers
  • Ionogenic groups distributed in a whole volume of particle
  • Controlled porosity particles or superficially porous ion-exchangers
  • Electrostatically agglomerated ion-exchangers
  • Immobilized ionogenic polymer layers
  • Encapsulated ion-exchangers
  • Ion-exchangers coated with an oppositely charged polymer
  • Covalent bonding or grafting of a polymer layer to an activated substrate surface
  • Isolated ionogenic groups on substrate surfaces, or chemically modified substrates
  • 2.3. Types of functional groups
  • 2.3.1. Positively charged functional groups (anion-exchangers)
  • 2.3.2. Negatively charged groups (cation-exchangers)
  • 2.3.3. Zwitterionic and polyampholyte ion-exchangers
  • 2.3.4. Complexing ion-exchangers
  • 2.4. Ion-exchange capacity
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Stationary phases for the separation of biopolymers by ion-exchange chromatography
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Uniform agarose-based ion-exchange chromatographic media
  • 3. Gigaporous ion-exchange chromatographic media
  • 3.1. Gigaporous PSt-based ion-exchange chromatographic media
  • 3.2. Gigaporous PGMA-based ion-exchange chromatographic media
  • 3.3. DEAE macroporous agarose chromatographic media
  • 3.4. CM macroporous agarose chromatographic media
  • 4. Other ion-exchange stationary phases for bioseparations
  • 4.1. Monolithic columns
  • 4.2. Membrane chromatography
  • 4.3. Cryogels
  • 4.4. Mixed-mode chromatography
  • 5. Summary and outlook
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Ion-exchange separations of biomacromolecules on grafted and surface-modified polymers
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Stationary phases.
  • 2.1. Design of polymer-functionalized ion exchangers
  • 2.2. Introduction of the surface polyelectrolytes and their modification
  • 2.3. Typical commercial stationary phases
  • 3. Adsorption and uptake theory
  • 3.1. Three-dimensional adsorption
  • 3.2. Facilitated mass transfer by chain delivery effect
  • 4. Applications
  • 4.1. Features of practical applications
  • 4.2. Application examples
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Extraction chromatography of actinides
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Extractants for actinide separation
  • 3. Ligand impregnated resins for actinides
  • 3.1. Monoamide impregnated resins
  • 3.2. Malonamide impregnated resins
  • 3.3. Diglycolamide impregnated resins
  • 3.4. Multiple DGA impregnated resins
  • 4. Room temperature ionic liquids in extraction chromatography
  • 4.1. TODGA/RTIL resin
  • 4.2. C4DGA and T-DGA/RTIL resins
  • 5. Ligand grafted resins for actinides
  • 5.1. Monoamide grafted resins
  • 5.2. Malonamide grafted resins
  • 5.3. Diglycolamide grafted resins
  • 6. Composite beads for extraction chromatography
  • 7. Perspectives
  • Abbreviations
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Ion-exchange membrane chromatography
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Transport phenomena in membrane chromatography
  • 3. Module design
  • 4. Promising ion-exchange membranes for bioseparations
  • 5. Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Ion-exclusion chromatography
  • 1. Principle
  • 2. Apparatus
  • 3. Ion-exchange resin columns used in ICE
  • 4. Eluent conditions
  • 5. Detection methods
  • 5.1. Conductivity detection
  • 5.1.1. Direct detection
  • 5.1.2. Enhancement of conductivity by postcolumn reaction
  • 5.2. UV-VIS detection
  • 5.2.1. Direct UV detection
  • 5.2.2. Postcolumn derivatization
  • 5.3. Mass spectrometry
  • 5.4. Charged aerosol detector
  • 6. Separations of nonionized substances
  • 7. Separation of ammonium and amines.
  • 8. Vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography
  • 9. Ion-exclusion/cation-exchange chromatography
  • 10. Ion-exclusion/anion-exchange chromatography
  • Abbreviations
  • References
  • Chapter 9: Chelation ion chromatography
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Theoretical aspects of complexation in liquid chromatography
  • 2.1. Complexation in the mobile phase
  • 2.2. Complexation in the stationary phase
  • 3. Ion-exchange chromatography with the complex formation in the mobile phase
  • 3.1. Cation-exchange chromatography with complexing eluents
  • 3.1.1. Fixed-site cation-exchangers and complexing eluents
  • 3.1.2. Dynamically modified cation-exchangers and impregnated adsorbents
  • 3.1.3. Ion-pair chromatography of complexed metal ions
  • 3.2. Anion-exchange chromatography
  • 3.2.1. Fixed-site anion-exchangers and complexing eluents
  • 3.2.2. Dynamically modified anion-exchangers and ion-pair mode
  • 4. Chelating phases for ion-exchange chromatography
  • 5. Application areas of chelating ion-exchangers
  • Abbreviations
  • References
  • Chapter 10: Displacement chromatography with ion-exchangers
  • 1. Principles of displacement chromatography
  • 1.1. Basic concepts of displacement chromatography
  • 1.2. Variant forms of displacement chromatography
  • 1.2.1. Selective displacement chromatography
  • 1.2.2. Sample displacement chromatography
  • 1.2.3. Complex displacement chromatography
  • 1.3. Theoretical models for displacement chromatography
  • 2. Ion-exchange displacers
  • 2.1. Displacers for ion-exchange chromatography
  • 2.2. Approaches for displacer screening and design
  • 3. Applications of ion-exchange displacement chromatography
  • 3.1. Displacer chromatography process development and optimization
  • 3.2. Applications
  • 3.2.1. Displacement chromatography for the purification of recombinant proteins
  • 3.2.2. Displacement chromatography for proteomic analysis.
  • 3.2.3. Applications of sample displacement chromatography
  • 4. Prospects and outlook
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Instrumentation for ion chromatography
  • 1. Solvent delivery systems for IC applications
  • 1.1. High-pressure piston pump
  • 1.2. Eluent production modules
  • 2. Detectors for IC
  • 2.1. Conductivity detection
  • 2.1.1. Suppressors for suppressed conductometry
  • Column-type suppressors
  • The membrane type suppressors
  • 2.1.2. Charge detector
  • 2.1.3. Direct conductometry (nonsuppressed conductometry)
  • 2.2. Electrochemical detection
  • 2.3. Photometric detection
  • 2.4. Postcolumn reaction system
  • 2.5. Mass spectrometry detection
  • 2.6. Multiple detections
  • 3. Injection system
  • 3.1. Injection valve with sample loop
  • 3.2. Preconcentration
  • 4. Column oven
  • 5. Column hardware
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Instrument platforms for large-scale ion-exchange separations of biomolecules
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Chromatography columns
  • 3. Ion exchange matrices
  • 3.1. Process steps in ion-exchange chromatography
  • 4. Chromatography equipment
  • 5. Scale-up of ion-exchange processes
  • 5.1. Understanding the product and resin selection
  • 5.1.1. Column design and size
  • 5.1.2. Process parameters
  • 5.1.3. Validation and cleaning
  • 5.1.4. Equipment and facility consideration
  • 5.1.5. Mode of operations of IEC
  • 5.2. Necessary calculations for IEC scale-up
  • 5.3. Common problems associated with IEC scale-up from lab to manufacturing scale
  • 5.3.1. Pressure drop
  • 5.3.2. Buffer preparation at a manufacturing scale
  • 5.3.3. Column packing and cleaning
  • 5.3.4. Validation of a scaled-up process
  • References
  • Chapter 13: Method development for large molecules IEX separations
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Column, stationary phase, and instrumentation considerations
  • 2.1. Stationary phase characteristics.