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a practitioner's guide to providing comprehensive sports medicine care
The Youth Athlete: A Practitioner's Guide to Providing Comprehensive Sports Medicine Care includes topics that provide the most comprehensive and holistic understanding of the youth athlete. The foundation of the book focuses on the growth and development of the athlete from child to adolescence, balancing their physical, mental and emotional needs. The middle sections expand on this foundation, concentrating on common injuries and illnesses as well as unique topics (e.g., Female, Athlete Triad, Sports Specialization). Final sections emphasize specific sports (e.g., Soccer, Basketball, eSports), allowing the reader to synthesize the previous information to assist with return to play decision-making. Written from a scientific perspective and incorporating evidence-based medicine into its content, this book is perfect for health care practitioners of varied specialties. The complete and comprehensive structure of the book will clearly distinguish it from all other textbooks on the market.
Intro -- Title page -- Table of Contents -- Copyright -- Contributors -- Preface -- Foundations -- Part I. Growth and development -- Chapter 1. Physical maturation -- Bone maturation -- Neural changes in maturation -- Muscle maturation -- Body composition -- Physical maturation and sport readiness -- Resistance training -- Tackling in football -- Heading in soccer -- Body checking in hockey -- Pointe in ballet -- Distance running -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 2. Mental development -- Mental development: the emotional and cognitive changes from childhood through adolescence -- Defining the mind -- Integrating body functioning, behavior, emotion, cognition, and relationships -- Brain development and its effect on the mind -- The triune brain -- The system model -- The mental stages of the youth athlete -- Skills (7-11 years) -- Competition (12-14 years) -- Commitment (15+ years) -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 3. Hormonal changes -- Normal pubertal development -- Physical changes during puberty -- Pubertal variations -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 4. Physical activity and exercise science -- Introduction -- Physical activity -- Exercise physiology -- Cardiorespiratory fitness -- Guidelines/promotion of physical activity -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 5. Gender in sport -- Introduction -- Terminology: "Gender 101"4,5 -- Demographics of transgender and nongender conforming youth and sports participation -- Gender, sex, and sports performance -- Gender affirming care of transgender and gender nonconforming youth -- Effects of gender-affirming medical treatments on sports performance -- Barriers to participation -- Inclusion in competitive athletics -- Steps physicians can take to promote activity for transgender and gender nonconforming athletes -- Key points -- Part II. Sports participation -- Chapter 6. Benefits of youth sports.
Impact on motor skills -- Impact on life skill development -- Impact on academics -- Impact on social skills -- Impact on mental health -- Impact on suicide risk -- Impact on physical health -- Key points -- Chapter 7. Strength and power training -- Essentials of youth resistance training -- Potential benefits of youth resistance training -- Program design considerations -- Summary of key points -- Chapter 8. Preparticipation physical examination -- What is the preparticipation physical examination (PPE)? -- What are the goals of the PPE? -- Who should perform the PPE? -- Where should the PPE be performed? -- When should the PPE be performed? -- Medical history -- General medical history -- Cardiac system -- Mental health history -- Neurological history -- Musculoskeletal history -- Musculoskeletal exam -- Respiratory history -- Respiratory exam -- Abdominal exam -- Skin exam -- Special circumstances-history -- Special considerations for female athletes -- COVID-19 and athletes -- Disabled athletes -- Medical eligibility determination -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 9. Social determinants of health and youth sports -- Achievement of physical activity guidelines -- Athletes need medical care -- Physical activity sources of influence -- What are social determinants of health? -- The social determinants of health and physical activity -- The social determinants of health, sports, and the athlete -- Youth and goals for sports participation -- The social determinants of health and the athlete's medical care -- The social determinants of health, gender, and sports -- Current progress in youth sports participation and the social determinants of health -- The future of youth sports participation and the social determinants of health -- Key points -- Chapter 10. Sports advocacy and equity in sports -- Introduction -- Disparities in physical literacy.
Barriers to physical activity -- Physical activity promotion -- Promotion of healthy youth athlete development -- Legislative and community advocacy 101 -- Summary and key findings -- Common sports problems -- Part I. Illness/injuries -- Chapter 11. Eyes -- Anatomy of the eyes -- Vision development -- Epidemiology and risk factors -- Injuries and illnesses of the eyes -- Prevention of ocular injury in sport -- Considerations for sideline medical bag contents -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 12. Ears and nose -- Anatomy of the pediatric ear -- Ear laceration -- Auricular hematoma ("cauliflower ear") -- Otitis externa ("swimmer's ear") -- Tympanic membrane perforation -- Middle ear trauma -- Anatomy of the pediatric nose (Fig. 12.9) -- Epistaxis -- Nasal fracture -- Septal hematoma and abscess -- Conclusion -- Key points -- Chapter 13. Dental and maxillofacial -- Child dental &amp -- maxillofacial anatomy and development -- Comprehensive assessment -- Facial lacerations -- Dental injuries &amp -- conditions -- Facial fractures &amp -- injuries -- Prevention -- Conclusion -- Key points -- Chapter 14. Cardiac -- Epidemiology -- Risk factors -- Signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease -- Evaluation and management -- Prevention -- Chapter summary -- Chapter 15. Respiratory medicine as part of athlete and team care -- Respiratory medicine as part of athlete and team care -- Asthma, exercise-induced asthma, and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction -- Prevalence -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical presentation -- Testing -- Therapeutics -- Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction -- Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia -- Clinical features -- SARS-CoV-2 considerations -- Incorporating respiratory care into the sports medicine team -- What is the optimal test strategy for a group of athletes? -- Conclusions -- Key points.
Chapter 16. Gatrointestinal and abdominal issues -- Gastrointestinal issues -- Abdominal injuries -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 17. Renal and genitourinary -- Renal trauma -- Acute kidney injury -- Exercise associated hematuria -- Exercise-associated proteinuria -- Genitourinary (GU) trauma: scrotal/testicular, penile, and labial injuries -- Testicular and ovarian torsion -- Solitary kidney/undescended testicles/solitary testicle or ovary -- Urinary incontinence -- Pudendal neuropathy -- Key points -- Chapter 18. Allergy and immunology -- Anaphylaxis -- Exercise-induced anaphylaxis -- Urticaria -- Key points -- Chapter 19. Skin -- Introduction -- Tinea -- Onychomycosis -- Scabies -- Pitted keratolysis -- Molluscum contagiosum -- Herpes simplex virus -- Impetigo -- Folliculitis/furunculosis -- Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections -- Talon noir -- Acne mechanica -- Plantar warts -- Chapter 20. Infectious disease in sport -- Introduction -- Blood-borne infections: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) -- Blood-borne infections: hepatitis B and hepatitis C -- Febrile illness: upper respiratory infection -- Febrile illness: lyme disease -- Febrile illness: infectious mononucleosis -- Septic joints -- Sexually transmitted infections -- MRSA -- Infectious disease prevention -- Conclusion -- Key points -- Chapter 21. Environmental injury-cold -- General principles -- Physiological response to cold -- Prevention of cold-induced injury -- Chilblains (pernio) -- Trenchfoot/immersion foot -- Hypothermia -- Frostbite -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 22. Environmental injury-heat -- Physiological response to heat -- Risk factors for heat illness -- Epidemiology of heat-related injuries -- Prevention of heat-induced injury -- Heat cramps -- Heat rash -- Heat exhaustion -- Exertional heat stroke -- Exercise-associated hyponatremia -- Summary.
Key points -- Chapter 23. Hematology -- Introduction -- Anemia -- Bleeding disorders -- Coagulopathies -- Conclusion -- Key points -- Chapter 24. The endocrine system -- Thyroid function disorders -- Diabetes mellitus -- Exercise-induced hyponatremia -- Menstrual cycle and disorders -- Growth disorders -- Chapter 25. Neurologic disorders -- Epilepsy -- Headache -- Autonomic nervous system -- Chapter 26. Rheumatology -- Introduction -- Generalized joint hypermobility -- Juvenile arthritis -- Key points -- Part II. Musculoskeletal injuries -- Chapter 27. Concussion -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Signs and symptoms -- On-field assessment -- Office assessment -- Neuroimaging -- Neurocognitive testing -- Management -- Return to play/sport -- Long-term considerations -- Prevention -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 28. Cervical spine -- Overview -- Congenital anomalies of the cervical spine -- Cervical strains and sprains -- Cervical spine injuries -- On-field and prehospital care of cervical spine injury -- Cervical fractures -- Cervical spinal cord injury -- Transient quadriparesis -- Stingers -- Conclusion -- Key points -- Chapter 29. Thoracic and chest -- Introduction -- Anatomy review -- Epidemiology of injuries -- Types of injuries/conditions -- Traumatic -- Pulmonary contusion -- Open pneumothorax -- Cardiac contusion -- Cardiac tamponade -- Commotio cordis -- Atraumatic -- Stress fractures of the ribs -- Pneumothorax -- Pulmonary embolism -- Summary -- Key points -- Chapter 30. Shoulder and upper arm -- Introduction -- Anatomy and physiology of the pediatric athletic shoulder -- AC joint -- Humeral head fractures -- Rotator cuff injuries -- Shoulder instability events -- Glenoid labral tear -- Long head biceps tendon injuries -- Little league shoulder (epiphysiolysis) -- Risk factors for injury -- Summary -- Key points.
edited by Brian J. Krabak, M. Alison Brooks.