Table of Contents:
  • Therapeutic uses of the botulinum toxins
  • History of onabotulinumtoxina therapeutic
  • History of cosmetic botulinum toxin
  • Basic science of Botox® cosmetic
  • Abobotulinumtoxina : science and clinical usage
  • Basic science : xeomin®
  • Basic science : Myobloc®
  • Neuronox® and Innotox®
  • Injectable daxibotulinumtoxina (rt002)
  • Comparison of botulinum toxins
  • Topical daxibotulinumtoxina (rt001)
  • Topical botulinum toxin type a
  • Reconstitution and dilution
  • Benzyl alcohol
  • Glabella
  • Modulation of eyebrow position and shape by treatment with neuromodulators and fillers
  • Frontalis and horizontal forehead line
  • Treatment of crow's feet
  • Infraorbital/upper and lower eyelids
  • Treatment of the midface with botulinum toxin
  • Orbicularis oris, mentalis, and depressor anguli oris
  • Platysma, Nefertiti lift, and beyond
  • The masseters and their treatment with botulinum toxin
  • Darker skin types
  • Combination noninvasive facial aesthetic treatments with botulinum toxin type a
  • Focal axillary hyperhidrosis
  • Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis
  • The future of neuromodulators in aesthetic medicine.