http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Nematode diseases of crops and their sustainable management
Nematode Diseases of Crops and their Sustainable Management focuses on methods to recognize and identify nematode attackers in agriculturally important crops, offering ecologically sustainable and economically viable strategies and measures for the management of nematode infestations and diseases. The book analyzes nematode pests as major constraints in global crop production and explores the limitations of existing nematode management technologies. It offers comprehensive information through individually focused chapters on major nematode problems in internationally important food, fiber and beverage crops as well as in mushrooms, polyhouse agriculture and forest flora with regard to distribution, and much more. In view of the highly damaging nature of the disease complexes and complexity in their management, independent chapters on nematode-fungus and nematode-bacteria disease complexes and their management are also presented.
Intro -- Nematode Diseases of Crops and Their Sustainable Management -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Foreword -- Foreword -- Preface -- Section-I: General topics -- Chapter 1: Plant nematodes, an underestimated constraint in the global food production -- Introduction -- Horticultural crops -- Vegetable crops -- Cucurbitaceous vegetables -- Vegetable legumes -- Leafy vegetables -- Mushrooms -- Fruit crops -- Ornamental crops -- Cereals -- Pulses -- Industrial crops -- Sugarcane -- Sugar beet -- Tea and coffee -- Oil-yielding crops -- Groundnut and soybean -- Palms -- Fiber-yielding crops -- Spices -- Forage crops -- Medicinal plants -- Forest trees -- Management of nematode infestation -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- Chapter 2: Methods of assay and detection of nematodes in plant and soil -- Introduction -- Sampling -- Soil sampling technique -- Sampling pattern -- Soil sampling for virus-vector nematodes -- Sampling from seed lots or consignments -- Statistical methods of seed sampling -- Nonstatistical methods -- Storage of samples -- Detection and isolation -- Extraction of nematodes from soil -- Extraction of vermiform nematodes -- Extraction of cysts of Heterodera and Globodera -- Extraction of longidorid nematodes (Flegg-modified Cobb technique) -- Extraction of nematodes from plant material -- Extraction of eggs of root-knot and cyst nematodes -- Processing of nematodes -- Counting of nematodes -- Picking of vermiform nematodes -- Anesthetizing or killing of nematodes -- Fixing of nematodes -- Reprocessing of the old nematode specimens -- Mounting of nematodes -- Preparation of enface view, perineal pattern and vulval cone -- Staining of nematode in plant tissue -- Morphological examinations -- Morphometry -- Measurement of straight specimens.
Measurement of curved specimens -- Camera lucida drawings -- Biochemical and molecular diagnosis -- Biochemical techniques -- Protein electrophoresis -- Sample preparation -- Casting of gel -- Running of electrophoresis -- Staining of gels -- Molecular diagnosis -- DNA-based techniques -- Methods of nematode DNA extraction -- DNA extraction from isolated juveniles and adult nematodes -- Extraction of DNA from cyst nematodes (Cactodera, Globodera, Heterodera, and Punctodera) -- Detection of Anguina, Aphelenchoides, Bursaphelenchus, Ditylenchus inside live planting material -- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -- PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) -- Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) -- Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) -- Multiplex PCR -- Real-time PCR -- DNA microarrays -- Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) -- Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) -- DNA sequencing -- Phylogenetic analysis -- Conclusions and future prospects -- References -- Chapter 3: Methods of sustainable management of plant nematodes, limitations, and challenges for crop growers -- Introduction -- Sustainable management methods -- Crop rotations -- Cover crops, trap crops, and antagonistic plants -- Composts and manures -- Biocontrols -- Solarization, anaerobic soil disinfestation, and biofumigation -- New nematicides -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- Chapter 4: Disease complexes and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Disease complex -- Nematode-fungus disease complexes -- Nematode interaction with wilt fungi -- Fusarium wilt-nematode interactions -- Verticillium-nematode interaction -- Role of various nematode groups in wilt/root rot disease complexes -- Ectoparasitic nematodes -- Migratory endoparasitic nematodes -- Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes -- Interaction with root-knot nematodes.
Interaction with cyst forming nematodes -- Nematode interaction with root-rot fungi -- Interaction with root-knot nematode -- Interaction with root lesion nematode -- Interaction with cyst-forming nematode -- Nematode-bacterial interaction -- Nematode-wilt bacteria interaction -- Nematode-root rot bacteria interaction -- Foliar nematode-bacteria interaction -- Anguina-bacteria -- Aphelenchoides-bacteria -- Influence of environmental factors on the development of disease complex -- Soil type -- Inorganic fertilizers -- Soil texture, moisture, and temperature -- Management of disease complexes with a sustainable approach -- Physical and cultural control -- Biological control -- Biocontrol of wilt disease complex -- Biocontrol of root-rot disease complex -- Integrated disease management -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- Section-II: Field crops -- Chapter 5: Nematode problems in wheat and barley and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Seed gall nematode, Anguina tritici -- Introduction -- Geographical distribution -- Host range -- Disease symptoms -- Earcockle -- Interaction and vector role of seed-gall nematode -- Life cycle -- Factor effecting the disease development -- Economic threshold level and host-parasite relationship -- Yield losses -- Management strategies -- Cultural methods -- Use of gall-free and healthy seeds -- Mechanical methods of separation of cockles -- Physical methods of separation of cockles -- Antagonistic crops, crop rotation, and sanitation -- Adjustment of sowing time -- Resistant varieties -- Botanicals and biocontrol agents -- Integrated nematode management -- Cereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera spp. -- Economic importance -- Distribution -- Symptoms -- Biology and life cycle -- Interactions with other pathogens -- Sustainable management -- Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. -- Meloidogyne naasi.
Economic importance -- Distribution -- Hosts and nonhosts -- Symptoms and histopathology -- Biology and life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Meloidogyne chitwoodi -- Meloidogyne graminicola -- Meloidogyne artiellia -- Root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp. -- Economic importance -- Distribution -- Symptoms -- Biology and life cycle -- Interactions with other pathogens -- Sustainable management -- Other nematodes -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- Chapter 6: Nematode problems in rice and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola -- Distribution -- Economic importance and population threshold -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Cultural control -- Host resistance -- Organic amendments and botanicals -- Biocontrol -- Integrated management -- Ufra of rice, Ditylenchus angustus -- Distribution -- Economic importance and population threshold -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Cultural control -- Host resistance -- Biological control -- Chemical control -- Integrated management -- White tip of rice, Aphelenchoides besseyi -- Distribution -- Economic importance and threshold levels -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Cultural control -- Host resistance -- Physical control -- Biocontrol -- Chemical control -- Integrated management -- Rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella spp. -- Distribution -- Economic importance and population threshold -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Cultural control -- Host resistance -- Biological control -- Chemical control -- Lance nematode, Hoplolaimus indicus -- Distribution and economic importance -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Cyst nematode, Heterodera species -- Distribution and economic importance -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management.
Lesion nematode, Pratylenchus species -- Distribution and economic importance -- Symptoms -- Life cycle -- Sustainable management -- Minor nematodes -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- Chapter 7: Nematode problems in maize and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Economic importance -- Biology and life cycle -- Distribution and symptoms -- Interaction with other pathogens -- Sustainable management with advanced and recent approaches -- Future prospects and conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Nematode problems in pulse crops and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Plant parasitic nematodes infesting chickpea and pigeon pea -- Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. -- Reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus spp. -- Cyst forming nematode, Heterodera spp. -- Root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus spp. -- Plant parasitic nematodes infesting peas, beans, and lentils -- Stem nematode, Ditylenchus spp. -- Root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus spp. -- Root-knot Meloidogyne spp. -- Cyst nematode Heterodera spp. -- Plant parasitic nematodes infesting mung bean -- Plant parasitic nematode management options and constraints in pulse crops -- Cultural methods -- Crop rotation -- Host-plant resistance -- Intercropping -- Organic amendments -- Botanicals -- Biological control -- Physical control -- Chemical control -- Conclusion and future research directions -- References -- Chapter 9: Nematode problems on oil seed crops and their sustainable management -- Introduction -- Nematodes associated with major oilseed crops -- PPN disease symptoms -- Economic importance of PPN affecting oilseed crops -- Sustainable management of PPN species affecting oil seed crops -- Conclusion -- References -- Section-III: Vegetable crops -- Chapter 10: Nematode problems in tomato, okra, and other common vegetables, and their sustainable management.
edited by Mujeebur Rahman Khan, Marisol Quintanilla.
Includes bibliographical references and index.