Groundwater ecology and evolution /
"Groundwater Ecology and Evolution, Second Edition is designed to meet a multitude of audience needs. The state of the art in the discipline is provided by the articulation of six sections. The first three sections successively carry the reader into the basic attributes of groundwater ecosystem...
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| Other Authors: | , , |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London ; San Diego, CA :
Academic Press,
[2023]
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| Edition: | Second edition. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to the full text of this electronic book |
Table of Contents:
- Front Cover
- GROUNDWATER ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
- GROUNDWATER ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
- Copyright
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Groundwater ecology and evolution: an introduction
- Rocks, water, and life
- Research history in groundwater ecology and evolution
- Groundwater research in the Anthropocene
- Objective of the book
- Audience
- Structure and content of the book
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 1
- Setting the scene: groundwater as ecosystems
- 1
- Hydrodynamics and geomorphology of groundwater environments
- Introduction
- The aquifer concept
- Drivers of groundwater flow
- Aquifer hydrodynamics
- Porosity
- Permeability and hydraulic conductivity
- Geologic types of aquifers
- Links to surface hydrology
- Aquifer function
- Flow and transport in aquifers
- Groundwater age
- Modeling aquifers
- The chemical composition of groundwater
- Origin of chemical compounds in surface waters
- Water-rock interactions within aquifers
- Major water quality types
- Reduced environments
- Chemical and nutrient fluxes in aquifers
- Biogeochemical reactions
- Oxygen in groundwater
- Nitrogen and emerging contaminants in groundwater
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 2
- Classifying groundwater ecosystems
- Introduction
- Classification systems
- Global scale
- Continental scale
- Landscape scale
- Habitat/local scale
- Compact aquifers
- Unconsolidated sediment aquifers
- Fractured aquifers
- Karst aquifers
- Ecotonal groundwater habitats
- Conclusions
- Glossary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 3
- Physical and biogeochemical processes of hyporheic exchange in alluvial rivers
- Introduction
- The hyporheic zone
- Predicting hyporheic exchange
- Bedform scale
- Reach and landscape scales
- The role of hyporheic flow on water quality
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments.
- Defining local and regional species richness
- Local species richness patterns
- Regional species richness patterns
- Europe
- North America
- South America
- Global pattern of species richness
- Patterns of species composition
- Variation in species composition among localities within a region
- Variation in species composition among regions
- Toward a multifaceted approach to groundwater biodiversity patterns
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 7
- Phylogenies reveal speciation dynamics: case studies from groundwater
- Introduction
- Single colonization versus multiple colonizations from surface ancestors
- Speciation from subterranean ancestors
- Speciation from subterranean ancestors: likely mechanisms
- Drivers of subterranean diversity: the role of paleoclimatic and paleogeological events
- Tethys Ocean, plate tectonics and marine regression-transgression cycles
- Climatic oscillations
- New karst areas
- Synthesis and future prospects
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 8
- Dispersal and geographic range size in groundwater
- Introduction
- Evolution of dispersal
- Extrinsic factors
- Environmental heterogeneity in space and time
- Environmental cues to disperse
- The dispersal-ecological specialization trade-off
- Interspecific interactions
- Intrinsic factors
- Body size
- Reproductive strategies
- Inbreeding
- Intraspecific interactions
- Range size
- Groundwater landscape connectivity modulates dispersal
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 3
- Roles of organisms in groundwater
- 9
- Microbial diversity and processes in groundwater
- Introduction
- Ecological processes determining microbial community diversity and composition
- Importance of environmental conditions, dispersal, and species interactions
- Differences between planktonic and surface-attached microbial communities.
- Implications of assembly processes for community functioning and knowledge gaps
- Microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles
- The role of microbial networks in the cycling of DOM, nitrogen, and other elements
- Chemolithoautotrophy in groundwater
- Toward predictive models of microbial communities and biogeochemical fluxes
- Microbial attenuation of groundwater contaminants and bottlenecks
- Petroleum hydrocarbons
- Chlorinated organic compounds
- Toxic metals and metalloids
- Emerging organic contaminants and micropollutants
- Resistance and resilience of groundwater microbial communities to perturbations
- Outlook
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 10
- Groundwater food webs
- Introduction
- Basal energy dynamics in groundwater food webs
- Detrital food webs
- Transport
- Transfer to higher trophic levels
- Chemolithoautotrophic food webs
- The role of habitat in groundwater food web dynamics
- Network structure
- Surface-subsurface connectivity
- The role of food web processes in groundwater community dynamics
- Trophic niche diversification in groundwater ecosystems
- Future directions
- Unpacking the microbial compartment of groundwater food webs
- Clarifying and quantifying food web structure
- Natural abundances of stable isotopes and mixing models
- Radiocarbon (14C) natural abundance
- Artificially enriched tracer compounds
- Compound specific methods
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 11
- Role of invertebrates in groundwater ecosystem processes and services
- Introduction
- Trophic actions of invertebrates
- Karst systems
- Alluvial systems
- Ecosystem engineering activities by invertebrates
- Karst systems
- Alluvial systems
- Conceptual model of the role of invertebrates on ecosystem processes and consequences for ecosystem services.
- Environmental impacts on surface water-groundwater interfaces and consequences for the provision of ecosystem services by i ...
- Suggestions for future research directions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 4
- Principles of evolution in groundwater
- 12
- Voices from the underground: animal models for the study of trait evolution during groundwater colonization an ...
- Introduction
- Brief historical timeline
- Groundwater model systems
- Troglomorphic traits
- Reductive traits
- Constructive traits
- Other traits
- Timeline of troglomorphic trait evolution
- Evolutionary developmental biology of groundwater organisms
- Loosing eyes
- The many ways to lose eyes during development
- Exchanging eyes for other senses during development
- Evolutionary genomics of groundwater organisms
- Coding mutations
- Regulatory changes
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 13
- The olm (Proteus anguinus), a flagship groundwater species
- Introduction
- The historical rise to fame
- Systematics and evolution
- Molecular ecology and conservation genetics
- Morphology and sensory systems of a groundwater top predator
- Reproductive peculiarities
- The overlooked part of groundwater ecology: symbioses, pathogens and parasites
- Conservation
- Conclusive remarks on flagship species in groundwater
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 14
- The Asellus aquaticus species complex: an invertebrate model in subterranean evolution
- Introduction
- Phylogeography and population structure
- A widespread surface species with local subterranean populations budding off
- Subterranean populations
- Phenotypic evolution of subterranean populations
- Morphology
- Behavior
- Physiology
- Life history
- Raising and breeding in the laboratory
- Genetic basis of subterranean-related traits
- Evolutionary development (evo-devo).