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Water scarcity, contamination and management

"Water Scarcity, Contamination, and Management presents new and updated material, including case studies, step-by-step guidance on key procedures and protocols, and timely topics such as climate change and integrated water resource management."--

Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Tiwari, Ashwani Kumar (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2022.
Series:Current directions in water scarcity research ; 5
Subjects:
Water-supply.
Water > Pollution.
Water-supply > Management.
Eau > Approvisionnement.
Eau > Approvisionnement > Gestion.
Water > Pollution
Water-supply
Water-supply > Management
Abastament d'aigua.
Contaminació de l'aigua.
Electronic books.
Llibres electrònics.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Water Scarcity, Contamination and Management
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • About the editors
  • Preface
  • Section 1: Water resources scarcity
  • Chapter 1: Climate change implications on groundwater resources in East Khasi Hills, with special reference to greater Sh ...
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Hydrogeology
  • 3. Materials and methods
  • 4. Pattern of annual rainfall at Umiam
  • 5. Extreme climatic events
  • 6. Predicted rainfall from climate model
  • 7. Groundwater level
  • 8. Groundwater recharge
  • 9. Discussion
  • 10. Conclusion
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 2: Status of hydrogeochemistry of water quality in Mizoram: A review
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. Location and extend of Mizoram
  • 2. Discussion
  • 3. Concluding remarks
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 3: Surface and groundwater interactions: Methodology and changing chemical processes
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Methods/tools to identify SW-GW interactions
  • 2.1. Radon
  • 2.2. Stable isotopes
  • 2.3. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
  • 2.4. Noble gases
  • 2.5. Environmental tritium and carbon dating
  • 2.6. Ions
  • 2.7. Temperature
  • 3. Processes evolved by the interactions of surface and groundwater
  • 3.1. Physiochemical characteristics of surface and groundwater
  • 3.2. Influences of groundwater contribution on surface water bodies
  • 3.2.1. Eutrophication
  • 3.2.2. Habitat for fish
  • 3.2.3. Movement of nutrients and metals
  • 3.2.4. Changes in wetland chemistry
  • 3.3. Influences of surface water contribution on groundwater
  • 3.3.1. Salinization
  • 3.3.2. Movement of pesticides and emerging contaminants
  • 4. Conclusion
  • 5. Recommendation for future work
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 4: Impact of climate change on water resources
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Climate change.
  • 2.1. Emission of greenhouse gases
  • 2.2. Excessive use of fossil fuels: For electricity, transportation and heat
  • 2.3. Change in land use
  • 2.4. Deforestation
  • 2.4.1. Population growth
  • 3. Impact of climate change
  • 3.1. Global warming-rising temperatures
  • 3.2. Melting of glaciers and ice sheets and rising sea levels
  • 3.3. Ocean acidification
  • 3.4. Frequent floods and droughts
  • 4. Impact of climate change on water resources
  • 4.1. Impact on ground water resources
  • 4.2. Management options
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 5: Cooperative management of Himalayan rivers among the riparian states
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The hydrogeology of the IGB system
  • 3. Controlling factors of material fluxes
  • 4. Distribution of erosion and sedimentation
  • 5. Environmental constraints
  • 6. Sharing of information to check flash flood and water availability
  • 7. Water management strategies and ways forward
  • 7.1. Water sharing treaties for mutual cooperation
  • 8. Conclusion
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 6: An assessment of the aquatic environment quality of the urban water bodies using system analysis methods based ...
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Materials
  • 2.1. Study area
  • 2.2. Satellite data
  • 2.3. Sampling
  • 3. Methods
  • 3.1. Spectral indices
  • 3.1.1. Normalized Difference Pond Index (NDPI)
  • 3.1.2. Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI)
  • 3.1.3. Normalized Difference Algae Index (NDAI)
  • 3.1.4. Temperature maps of the reservoir's surfaces
  • 3.2. Methods of measuring and calculating ground indicators
  • 3.3. Methods of system analysis
  • 3.3.1. Multi-criteria optimization method
  • 3.3.2. Statistical criterion (SC)
  • 4. Results and discussion
  • 5. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Section 2: Contamination of water resources
  • Chapter 7: Agricultural contamination
  • References.
  • Chapter 8: Metal contamination in groundwater of Bangladesh
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. What is groundwater?
  • 1.1.1. How much do we depend on groundwater?
  • 1.2. What is groundwater contamination?
  • 1.2.1. Sources of heavy metal contamination in groundwater natural sources
  • 1.2.2. Anthropogenic sources of contamination
  • 2. Metal contamination scenarios in groundwater of Bangladesh
  • 3. Major contaminants occurrence in groundwater
  • 3.1. Arsenic
  • 4. Other contaminants
  • 4.1. Manganese
  • 4.2. Chromium
  • 4.3. Copper
  • 4.4. Cadmium
  • 4.5. Lead
  • 4.6. Iron
  • 4.7. Zinc
  • 4.8. Nickel
  • 5. Dangers of contaminated groundwater
  • 6. Effects of ground water contamination
  • 7. Potential health problems
  • 8. Environmental legislation: Bangladesh perspective
  • 9. Conclusion
  • Declarations
  • Author contribution statement
  • References
  • Chapter 9: A study on impact of progressive urban expansion on groundwater quality by using graphical, statistical and WQ ...
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. Research motive
  • 1.2. Context of research
  • 2. Study area
  • 3. Methodology
  • 3.1. Sampling and analytical techniques
  • 3.2. Graphical representation
  • 3.3. Statistical analysis
  • 3.4. Water quality index
  • 4. Results and discussion
  • 4.1. Population growth
  • 4.2. Change in land use practice
  • 4.3. Interaction between urbanization and groundwater quality
  • 4.4. Comparative analysis of water quality within one decade
  • 4.4.1. Major ion chemistry
  • 4.4.2. Spatiotemporal distribution and suitability of groundwater for drinking purpose
  • Total dissolved solids (TDS)
  • Total hardness
  • Nitrate (NO3-)
  • Fluoride (F-)
  • 4.4.3. Classification and genesis of groundwater
  • Soltan classification
  • Piper's classification
  • 4.4.4. Statistical analysis
  • Principal component analysis
  • 4.4.5. Water quality index (WQI)
  • 5. Conclusion.
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 10: Contamination of water resources: With special reference to groundwater pollution
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Why is groundwater important?
  • 3. How does groundwater become contaminated?
  • 4. Types of groundwater contamination
  • 4.1. Geogenic contamination
  • 4.2. Anthropogenic contamination
  • 5. Potential sources of groundwater contamination
  • 5.1. Natural sources
  • 5.2. Storage tanks
  • 5.3. Septic systems
  • 5.4. Improper disposal of hazardous waste
  • 5.5. Landfills
  • 5.6. Chemicals and road salts
  • 5.7. Mining and quarrying
  • 5.8. Saltwater contamination
  • 5.9. Atmospheric contaminants
  • 6. Pollution of groundwater
  • 7. Types of groundwater pollution
  • 7.1. Geogenic pollution of groundwater
  • 7.2. Anthropogenic pollution of groundwater
  • 7.2.1. Point-source pollution
  • 7.2.2. Nonpoint-source pollution
  • 8. Arsenic
  • 9. Sources of arsenic in groundwater
  • 10. Occurrences of arsenic in groundwater
  • 11. Mobilization mechanisms of arsenic
  • 12. Arsenic contamination in groundwater in India
  • 13. Health effects
  • 14. Remedial measures
  • 14.1. Subsurface arsenic remedy
  • 14.1.1. The SAR (subterranean arsenic removal)
  • 14.2. Ex-situ arsenic remedy
  • 14.3. Use of alternative water source
  • 14.4. Tapping arsenic-free safe aquifers
  • 14.4.1. Will the deep aquifers remain arsenic-free?
  • 15. Conclusion
  • 16. Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Impact of mining on groundwater quality of India using indexing techniques and its assessment
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Overview of indexing techniques for assessing water quality
  • 2.1. Water quality index (WQI)
  • 2.1.1. Effective weight percentage (Efi)
  • 2.2. Heavy metal indexing
  • 2.2.1. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI)
  • 2.2.2. Heavy metal evaluation index (HEI)
  • 2.2.3. Contamination index (Cd).
  • 2.2.4. PCA-based metal index
  • Non-standardized PCA metal index (NSPMI)
  • Standardized PCA-based metal index (PMI)
  • Water parameter index (WPI)
  • 2.2.5. Modified heavy metal index
  • Modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI) using fuzzy entropy weight method
  • Heavy metal contamination index (HCI) for evaluating heavy metal contamination in groundwater
  • 2.3. Calculation of risk assessment
  • 2.3.1. Hazard quotient (HQ)
  • 2.3.2. Hazard index (HI)
  • 3. Impact assessment of mining on groundwater quality of India by indexing techniques
  • 3.1. Coal mining
  • 3.1.1. Brajrajnagar coal mining, Odisha
  • 3.1.2. Jharia coalfields, Dhanbad, Jharkhand
  • 3.1.3. Underground coal mines, Khliehriat, Jaintia hills district, Meghalaya
  • 3.1.4. East Bokaro coalfield, Jharkhand
  • 3.1.5. West Bokaro
  • 3.1.6. North Karanpura
  • 3.1.7. Coal mines in Sonebhadra and Singrauli districts, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
  • 3.1.8. Korba coalfield, Korba district, Chhattisgarh
  • 3.1.9. Singrauli coal mining, Odisha
  • 3.2. Copper mining
  • 3.3. Limestone mining belt in the Sirmour district of Himachal Pradesh
  • 3.4. Iron mining
  • 3.4.1. Iron, steel industries and coal mining, Angul district, Odisha
  • 3.4.2. Mining region Goa
  • 3.4.3. Iron-ore mining, Odisha
  • 4. Risk assessment of mining in India by hazard index and hazard quotient
  • 4.1. Uranium mining
  • 4.2. Coal mining
  • 4.3. Copper mining
  • 5. Conclusion and recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Recent scenario of agricultural contaminants on water resources
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Nutrients
  • 3. Pesticides
  • 4. Heavy metals
  • 5. Pathogens
  • 6. Salts
  • 7. Sediments
  • 8. Organic matters
  • 9. New generation pollutants
  • 10. Conclusion
  • 11. Recommendations
  • References.