Oncogenic viruses. Volume 1, Fundamentals of oncoviruses /

Oncogenic Viruses: Fundamentals of Oncoviruses provides an overview of the history of human oncoviruses, how to discover and define an oncovirus, how viruses cause cancer in general, their oncogenic mechanisms and epidemiology, and the cancer biology of oncoviruses. The book is organized into five m...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author:	ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors:	Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	[S.l.] : Academic Press, 2022.
Subjects:	Oncogenic viruses. Oncogenic Viruses Virus oncogènes. Oncogenic viruses Electronic books.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

Front Cover
Oncogenic Viruses Volume 1
Copyright Page
Contents
List of contributors
About the editor
Preface
Acknowledgments
1 General introduction oncogenic viruses: recent knowledge
References
2 Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis B virus and environmental factors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Hepatocellular carcinoma
2.2.1 Epidemiology and etiological factors
2.2.1.1 Incidence
2.2.2 Mortality
2.3 Anatomopathological characteristics
2.3.1 Physiopathology
2.3.2 Tumor pathology
2.4 Nature and history of liver carcinogenesis
2.5 Molecular mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis
2.6 Hepatitis B virus
2.6.1 Epidemiology
2.7 Virological data
2.7.1 The viral structure
2.7.2 Hepatitis B virus genotypes
2.7.3 The hepatitis B virus replication cycle
2.8 Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection
2.9 Antiviral treatment for hepatitis B
2.10 Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis B virus
2.11 The link between hepatitis B virus and hepatic tumorigenesis
2.12 Molecular mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by hepatitis B virus
2.13 Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with environmental factors
2.14 Metabolic and environmental risk factors
2.14.1 Obesity, body mass index, and body fat
2.14.2 Hyperlipidemia
2.14.3 Diabetes
2.14.4 Tobacco
2.14.5 Alcohol
2.14.6 Lack of physical activity
2.15 Nutritional risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma
2.15.1 Aflatoxin
2.15.2 Red meats and processed meats
2.15.3 Lipids
2.15.4 Sugary drinks and juices
2.15.5 Vitamins and minerals
2.16 Prevention of risk factors
2.17 Synergy between hepatitis B virus and environmental factors in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma
2.18 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References.
3 General principals and mechanisms of viral oncogenic and associated cancers (cytomegalovirus, papillomaviruses, and RNA o...
3.1 Introduction
3.2 General information on oncogenic viruses:cytomegalovirus, papillomaviruses, and RNA oncogenic virus
3.2.1 Cytomegalovirus
3.2.1.1 Classification
3.2.1.2 Epidemiology
3.2.1.3 Transmission
3.2.1.4 Structural organization
3.2.1.5 Replication cycle and replication steps
3.2.1.6 Relationship between cytomegalovirus and cancer
3.2.1.7 Virological diagnosis
3.2.1.7.1 DNA amplification reaction
3.2.1.7.2 Virus research by culture
3.2.1.7.3 Indirect diagnosis
3.2.1.8 Curative treatment (antivirals)
3.2.1.9 Prophylactic treatment
3.2.1.10 Viral pathology
3.2.1.10.1 Cytomegalovirus and cardiovascular pathology
3.2.1.10.2 Cytomegalovirus and pathology
3.2.2 Papillomavirus
3.2.2.1 Classification
3.2.2.2 Epidemiology of human papillomavirus
3.2.2.3 Transmission
3.2.2.4 Structural organization
3.2.2.5 Genomic organization
3.2.2.6 Viral cycle
3.2.2.7 Relationship between papillomaviruses and cancer
3.2.2.8 Preventive treatment (Vaccine)
3.2.2.9 Viral pathology
3.2.3 RNA oncogenic virus
3.2.3.1 Classification
3.2.3.2 Human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1
3.2.3.3 Epidemiology of human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1 infection
3.2.3.4 Transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1
3.2.3.5 Diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1 infection
3.2.3.6 Treatment of human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1 infection
3.2.3.6.1 Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
3.2.3.6.2 HTLV-1-related tropical myelopathy and spastic paraparesis
3.2.3.7 Viral pathology
3.3 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
4 Infection of HPV and MMTV oncovirus in breast cancer tissues in women
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Infection with human papillomavirus
4.2.1 General information on human papillomavirus
4.2.1.1 History
4.2.1.2 Classification
4.2.1.3 Structure
4.2.1.4 Mode of transmission
4.2.1.5 Viral cycle
4.2.2 Integration of human papillomavirus into breast cells
4.2.2.1 Mode of contamination
4.2.2.2 Immune response
4.2.2.3 Hormonal response
4.2.2.4 Cellular response
4.2.2.5 Escape from immune response
4.2.3 Human papillomavirus cancer
4.2.3.1 Evolution of human papillomavirus infection
4.2.3.2 Human papillomavirus oncogenesis
4.2.3.3 Prevention of human papillomavirus infections
4.2.3.3.1 Effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination
4.3 Mouse mammary tumor virus infection
4.3.1 General information on mouse mammary tumor virus
4.3.1.1 History
4.3.1.2 Structure
4.3.1.3 Mode of transmission
4.3.1.4 Viral cycle
4.3.2 Integration of mouse mammary tumor virus into breast cells
4.3.2.1 Pathogenicity of the virus
4.3.2.2 Integrating mouse mammary tumor virus into the human genome
4.3.3 Cancer caused by mouse mammary tumor virus
4.3.3.1 Mouse mammary tumor virus infection in breast cells leading to cancer
4.3.3.2 Mouse mammary tumor virus and mammary tumorigenesis
4.4 Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
Further reading
5 MicroRNAs associated with Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infections in gastric cancer
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Discovery and origin of microRNAs
5.2.1 Discovery of the first microRNA: Lin-4
5.2.2 Nomenclature of microRNA
5.3 Biogenesis of microRNAs
5.3.1 MicroRNA genomic localization
5.3.2 Primary transcripts
5.3.3 Primary transcripts maturation
5.3.3.1 Pre-microRNA training
5.3.3.2 Nuclear export by Exportin 5
5.3.3.3 Cytoplasmic processing by dicer.
5.3.3.4 Formation of the RNA-induced silencing complex
5.3.4 Mechanism of action of microRNAs
5.3.4.1 MicroRNA-mediated gene silencing via RNA-induced silencing complex containing miRNAs
5.3.4.2 Target mRNA translation repression
5.4 MicroRNAs in gastric cancer
5.4.1 Host microRNAs associated with Helicobacter pylori infection
5.4.2 Host microRNAs associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection
5.4.3 Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNAs
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Breast cancer: epidemiology and viral ethology associated with human papillomavirus and mouse mammary tumor virus
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Breast cancer epidemiology
6.2.1 In Africa
6.3 Risk factors for breast cancer
6.3.1 Gender
6.3.2 Personal history of breast cancer
6.3.3 Family history of breast cancer and other cancers
6.3.4 BRCA** gene mutations
6.3.5 Dense breasts
6.3.6 Some genetic disorders
6.3.7 Other genetic mutations
6.4 Human papillomaviruses and mouse mammary tumor virus in breast cancer
6.4.1 Human papillomavirus
6.4.1.1 The relationship between human papillomavirus and breast cancer
6.4.2 Mouse mammary tumor virus
6.4.2.1 The relationship between mouse mammary tumor virus and breast cancer
6.4.2.2 Superantigen expression
6.4.2.3 Mechanisms of mouse mammary tumor virus oncogenesis in human breast cancer
6.5 Conclusion
References
7 Human papillomavirus infections and cervical cancer
7.1 Virology of human papillomavirus
7.1.1 Brief epidemiology and taxonomic classification
7.2 Molecular architecture of human papillomavirus and features of viral pro-oncogenes and oncoproteins
7.3 Infection cell cycle and replication
7.4 Transmission mode and risk factors
7.5 Pathophysiology, evolution, and natural history of human papillomavirus infection.
7.6 Cervical cancer: a preventable disease
References
8 Covid-19 and cancer: impact on diagnosis, care and therapy
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Coronavirus disease
8.2.1 Origin of COVID-19
8.2.1.1 Structure and genomic organization of SARS-CoV-2
8.2.1.2 SARS-CoV-2 viral cycle
8.2.1.3 Global epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
8.3 Factors affecting the pathogenesis of the virus
8.3.1 Gender
8.3.2 Age
8.3.2.1 Impact of COVID-19 in cancer patients
8.3.2.2 Impact on cancer diagnosis
8.4 The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care
8.4.1 Chemotherapy
8.4.2 Surgery
8.4.3 Immunotherapy
8.5 The different types of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
8.6 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in cancer patients
8.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
9 The role of DNA oncoviruses and its association with human cancer
9.1 Introduction
9.1.1 Deoxyribonucleic acid
9.1.2 Gene
9.1.3 Cancer
9.1.4 Oncogenes
9.2 History, discovery, and types
9.3 Epidemiology
9.3.1 Epstein-Barr virus
9.3.2 Human papillomavirus
9.3.3 Hepatitis B virus
9.3.4 Hepatitis C virus
9.3.5 Human T cell lymphotropic virus 1
9.3.6 Human herpesvirus 8
9.3.7 Merkel cell polyomavirus
9.4 Viral proteins involved
9.5 General mechanism by which oncovirus induces cancer in DNA
9.6 Mechanism of action for each oncoviruses
9.6.1 Epstein-Barr virus
9.6.2 Human papillomavirus
9.6.3 Hepatitis B virus
9.6.4 Human herpesvirus 8
9.6.5 Merkel cell polyomavirus
9.7 Genome and structure of viruses
9.7.1 Epstein-Barr virus
9.7.2 Human herpesvirus 8
9.7.3 Human papillomavirus
9.7.4 Merkel cell polyomavirus
9.7.5 Hepatitis B virus
9.8 Cancers associated with DNA oncoviruses
9.9 Therapeutic options for DNA oncoviruses
9.10 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References.