http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Scientific principles of adipose stem cells
Intro -- Scientific Principles of Adipose Stem Cells -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Part 1: Introduction and front matter -- Chapter 1: Plastic surgery, fat, and fat plasticity: How adipose tissue changed the landscape of stem cell therapeutics -- Plastic surgery and fat plasticity -- The Adipose Stem Cell Center in Pittsburgh and the International Federation of Adipose Therapeutics and Science -- References -- Part 2: Basic biology of adipose stem cells -- Chapter 2: Developmental origins of adipocytes: What we learn from human pluripotent stem cells -- Introduction: Three types of adipocytes in mammals -- Developmental origins of white adipocytes -- White adipocytes from mouse embryonic stem cells derive from neural crest -- White adipocyte developmental origins in quail and mouse embryos -- Lineage tracing studies reveal a complex situation for the developmental origins of adipocytes -- Subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes have different developmental origins -- White, beige, and brown adipocytes originate from different developmental pathways: Evidence of mosaic origins in individua ... -- Human models to investigate the developmental origins of adipocytes -- Capacity of human pluripotent stem cells to generate adipocytes -- Human pluripotent stem cell commitment toward the white and brown-like adipogenic lineage is regulated by the retinoic acid ... -- Adipocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells display a brown-like adipocyte phenotype and originate from me ... -- hiPSC-3D adipospheres: The next steps toward gaining greater insight into the development of human brown-like adipocytes -- Importance of matching the embryonic origin between transplanted cells and the host environment for tissue regeneration: A ... -- References.
Chapter 3: Establishing the adipose stem cell identity: Characterization assays and functional properties -- Introduction -- Physical characterization -- Morphological characterization -- Assessment of proliferation -- Colony-forming unit-fibroblast assay -- Phenotypic characterization -- Positive selection markers -- Negative selection markers -- Multipotent differentiation -- Adipogenesis -- Mechanism(s) of differentiation -- Differentiation methodology -- Confirmation of adipogenesis -- Adipose stem cell adipocyte secretome -- Osteogenesis -- Mechanism(s) of differentiation -- Differentiation method -- Confirmation of osteogenesis -- Adipose stem cell osteoblast secretome -- Chondrogenesis -- Mechanism(s) of differentiation -- Differentiation method -- Confirmation of chondrogenesis -- Adipose stem cell chondrocyte secretome -- Characterization of in vitro immunomodulatory abilities -- Adipose stem cells and the innate immune system -- Macrophages -- Dendritic cells -- Natural killer cells -- Adipose stem cells and the adaptive immune system -- T cells -- CD4+ T cells -- CD8+ T cells -- B cells -- Summary -- Conclusion and future directions -- References -- Chapter 4: Insights into the adipose stem cell niche in health and disease -- Introduction -- Defining adipocyte-derived stem cells and progenitors -- Generation of adipocytes from adipocyte precursors -- Adipocyte precursors reside in the stromal vasculature fraction -- Immunophenotyping of ASCs and APs -- Adipocyte precursors in the native niche -- Adipocyte precursors located in the adipose extracellular matrix -- Perivascular cells as a source of adipocyte precursors -- Fibroblastic cells as a source of adipocyte precursors -- Cell interactions within the adipose precursor niche -- Adipocyte precursor interactions with endothelial cells -- Adipocyte precursor interactions with immune cells.
Adipocyte precursor interactions with other cells in the niche -- Fibroblast growth factor signaling and renewal of adipocyte precursors -- Bone morphogenetic proteins and commitment of adipogenic precursors -- BMP2 acts as a paracrine factor within human white adipose tissue -- BMP4 promotes a white or brown phenotype in a context-dependent manner -- BMP7 promotes commitment of brown/beige adipocyte precursors -- Adipose-derived stem cells express core regulators of self-renewal and pluripotency -- OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 expression in adipose-derived stem cells -- OCT4 and NANOG are required to maintain stemness in adipose-derived stem cells -- Changes in adipose-derived stem cells during obesity and metabolic disease -- Changes in adipocyte progenitors during aging may contribute to metabolic dysfunction -- Conclusions and future perspectives -- Acknowledgments and funding support -- References -- Chapter 5: Mechanisms of adipose-derived stem cell aging and the impact on therapeutic potential -- Introduction -- General aging background -- Adipose-derived stem cell aging mechanisms -- How adipose-derived stem cell aging impacts current clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells -- Current molecular attempts at rejuvenating stem cells for clinical applications -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Human pluripotent nontumorigenic multilineage differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells isolated from adipo ... -- Discovery of Muse and adipose-derived multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells -- Components of adipose tissue -- Adipose stem cells -- Adipose-derived Muse cells vs adipose stem cells -- Differences between isolation methodology -- Differences in gene expression -- Pluripotency vs multipotency -- Properties of adipose-derived Muse cells -- Pluripotency of adipose-derived Muse cells.
Nontumorigenic properties of adipose-derived Muse cells -- Immunomodulatory properties of adipose-derived Muse cells -- Evolutionary bases of adipose-derived Muse cells -- Clinical perspective of adipose-derived Muse cells -- Skepticism behind adipose-derived Muse cells -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Adipose stem cell homing and routes of delivery -- Introduction -- Homing steps -- Strategies to enhance homing of ASCs -- Priming -- Use of inflammatory cytokines -- Hypoxia -- Genetic modification -- Routes of MSC delivery -- Intravenous delivery -- Intraarterial delivery -- Intraparenchymal delivery -- Current challenges in adipose stem cell homing therapy -- References -- Chapter 8: Bioreactors and microphysiological systems for adipose-based pharmacologic screening -- Introduction -- Components of adipose-based microphysiological systems and bioreactors -- Adipocytes -- Brown versus white adipose tissue -- Subcutaneous versus visceral adipose tissue -- Primary cells -- Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells -- Immortalized cells -- Extracellular matrix -- Considerations -- Materials for microphysiological systems/bioreactors -- Static versus perfusion -- Other considerations -- Chemical gradients -- Coculture components of microphysiological systems/bioreactors -- Inflammation -- Vascularization -- Current adipose-based microphysiological systems/bioreactors -- Adipose-tissue-on-a-chip systems -- Human-on-a-chip systems -- Microcarriers -- Organoids -- Assessments of microphysiological systems and bioreactors -- Adipokines -- Lipogenesis -- Lipolysis -- Insulin response -- Nondestructive imaging techniques -- Oxygen tension -- Future directions -- References -- Part 3: Adipose cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
Chapter 9: Adipose stem cells and donor demographics: Impact of anatomic location, donor sex, race, BMI, and health -- Introduction -- Sources of adipose stem cells -- Clinically relevant harvest sites -- Effects of harvesting technique -- Patient demographics -- Male versus female -- Race and ethnicity -- Effects of patient health -- Body mass index -- Immune status -- Smoking -- Clinical translation -- Studies of adipose tissue retention based on donor demographics -- Clinical studies -- References -- Chapter 10: Immunomodulatory properties of adipose stem cells in vivo: Preclinical and clinical applications -- Introduction -- Immunomodulatory effects -- Mechanisms -- T cells -- B cells -- Macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells -- Purine metabolism -- Migration and homing: In vivo tracking -- Transplantation -- Solid organ transplantation -- Kidney transplantation -- Heart transplantation -- Vascularized composite allotransplantation -- Graft versus host disease -- Autoimmune disorders -- Inflammatory bowel disease -- Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis -- Type 1 diabetes mellitus -- Multiple sclerosis -- Other conditions -- Ischemic conditions -- Neurodegenerative disorders -- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis -- Vasculitis -- Conclusions and future directions -- References -- Chapter 11: Clinical experience with adipose tissue enriched with adipose stem cells -- A brief history -- The value of fat -- Adipose composition -- Adipose-derived stem cells -- Tools and techniques -- Principles of adipose harvest -- Clinical perspective -- Donor site preparation -- Tumescence -- Pretunneling -- Liposuction modalities -- Suction-assisted lipectomy -- Water-jet assisted liposuction -- Ultrasound-assisted liposuction -- Laser-assisted liposuction -- Cannula selection.
edited by Lauren Kokai, Kacey Marra, J. Peter Rubin.