http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Heterogeneous catalysis in sustainable synthesis
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Sustainable Synthesis is a practical guide to the use of solid catalysts in synthetic chemistry that focuses on environmentally benign applications.
Intro -- Heterogeneous Catalysis in Sustainable Synthesis -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Heterogeneous catalysis for organic synthesis: Historical background and fundamentals -- 1.1 Introduction and historical background -- 1.2 Catalysis -- 1.2.1 Fundamentals and basic definitions -- 1.2.1.1 Catalyst and catalytic cycle -- 1.2.1.2 Activation energy -- 1.2.1.3 Other definitions -- 1.2.2 Heterogeneous catalysis -- 1.2.2.1 Catalytic surfaces -- 1.2.2.2 Physical and chemical adsorption -- 1.2.2.3 The active site of solid catalysts -- 1.2.2.4 Anchoring effects -- 1.2.2.5 Experimental variables -- 1.2.2.6 Catalytic reactors -- 1.3 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 2 Solid catalysts for environmentally benign synthesis -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Metal catalysts -- 2.2.1 Unsupported metals -- 2.2.1.1 Bulk or massive metals -- 2.2.1.2 Metal "blacks" -- 2.2.1.3 Skeletal metals -- 2.2.1.4 Noble metal oxides and hydroxides -- 2.2.1.5 Amorphous metal alloys -- 2.2.2 Supported metal catalyst -- 2.2.2.1 Catalyst supports -- SiO2 -- Al2O3 -- Other metal oxides and metal carbonates -- Magnetic catalyst supports -- Carbon-based supports -- Polymeric materials -- Biomass-based materials -- Self-supported catalysts -- 2.2.3 Heterogenized metal complexes and organocatalysts -- 2.2.4 Metal nanoparticle-based catalysts -- 2.3 Nonmetallic catalysts -- 2.3.1 Metal oxides -- 2.3.2 Heteropoly acids -- 2.3.3 Clays -- 2.3.4 Zeolites -- 2.3.5 Ion exchange resins -- 2.3.6 Metal-organic frameworks -- 2.3.7 Other nonmetallic catalytic materials -- 2.3.7.1 Molecular sieves, pillared layer solids, and other mesoporous solids -- 2.3.7.2 Composites and related materials -- 2.4 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3 Application of heterogeneous catalysis in the development of environmentally benign synthetic processes -- References.
3.3.3.2 Dihydroxylations with metals other than osmium -- 3.3.4 Wacker-type oxidation reactions -- 3.3.5 Oxidative cleavage of hydrocarbons -- 3.3.5.1 Cleavage to generate aldehydes and ketones -- 3.3.5.2 Cleavage to generate carboxylic acids and esters -- 3.3.5.3 Other oxidative cleavage reactions -- 3.3.6 Oxidation of C O and C N bonds -- 3.3.6.1 Oxidation of C O bonds -- 3.3.6.2 Oxidation of C N bonds -- 3.3.7 Dehydrogenation and aromatization of C C and C X bonds -- 3.3.8 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3.4 Metathesis by heterogeneous catalysts -- 3.4.1 Introduction -- 3.4.2 Cross-metathesis -- 3.4.3 Ring-closing metathesis -- 3.4.4 Ring-opening metathesis -- 3.4.5 Alkyne metathesis -- 3.4.6 Heterogeneous catalytic asymmetric metathesis -- 3.4.7 Metathesis applied to bioderived alkenes -- 3.4.8 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3.5 Friedel-Crafts and related reactions catalyzed by solid acids -- 3.5.1 Introduction -- 3.5.2 Alkylation, hydroxyalkylation -- 3.5.2.1 Alkylations with hydrocarbons -- 3.5.2.2 Alkylations with alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, and ketones -- 3.5.2.3 Alkylations with alkyl halides -- 3.5.2.4 Hydroxyalkylations -- 3.5.2.5 Intramolecular transalkylations-Rearrangements -- 3.5.3 Acylation -- 3.5.3.1 Acylations with carboxylic acids -- 3.5.3.2 Acylations with activated carboxylic acid derivatives -- 3.5.3.3 Intramolecular transacylations-Rearrangements -- 3.5.4 Friedel-Crafts cycliacyalkylations -- 3.5.5 Halogenation -- 3.5.6 Nitration -- 3.5.7 Sulfonation -- 3.5.8 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3.6 Cross-coupling reactions for environmentally benign synthesis -- 3.6.1 Introduction -- 3.6.2 The Heck coupling -- 3.6.2.1 Heck reactions using a heterogeneous catalyst in solution -- 3.6.2.2 Solvent-free Heck reactions -- 3.6.2.3 Heck reactions without palladium.
3.6.3 The Suzuki coupling -- 3.6.3.1 Palladium-catalyzed heterogeneous Suzuki coupling reactions -- 3.6.3.2 Palladium-free heterogeneous catalytic Suzuki coupling reactions -- 3.6.4 The Hiyama coupling -- 3.6.5 The Negishi coupling -- 3.6.6 The Kumada coupling -- 3.6.7 The Sonogashira coupling -- 3.6.8 The Tsuji-Trost allylation -- 3.6.9 Coupling reactions not involving a C C bond formation -- 3.6.9.1 C N bond-forming reactions -- 3.6.9.2 C O bond-forming reactions -- 3.6.9.3 C S bond-forming reactions -- 3.6.10 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3.7 Multicomponent reactions -- 3.7.1 Introduction -- 3.7.2 Carbonyl-based multicomponent reactions -- 3.7.2.1 Formation of 6-membered rings with multicomponent reactions -- 3.7.2.2 Formation of 5-membered rings with multicomponent reactions -- 3.7.2.3 Formation of aliphatic bonds -- 3.7.3 Isocyanide-based reactions -- 3.7.3.1 Isocyanide-based MCRs for the preparation of 5-membered rings -- 3.7.3.2 Isocyanide-based MCRs for the preparation of 5- and 6-membered heterocycles -- 3.7.3.3 Aliphatic bond formation -- 3.7.4 Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Chapter 3.8 Ring transformations by heterogeneous catalysis -- 3.8.1 Introduction -- 3.8.2 Cyclization -- 3.8.2.1 Intermolecular cyclization reactions -- 3.8.2.1.1 Diels-Alder and hetero-Diels-Alder reactions -- 3.8.2.1.2 Heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of six-membered rings -- Pyrazines and piperazines -- Pyridines -- Tetrahydropyranols -- 3.8.2.1.3 Heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of five-membered rings -- Pyrroles -- Furans -- The Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition -- Application of phenylenediamines and/or diazotization -- Oxazolidinones/oxindoles -- Pyrazoles -- 3.8.2.2 Intramolecular cyclization reactions -- 3.8.2.2.1 Heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of five-membered rings -- The Nazarov cyclization -- Tetrahydrofurans.
Béla Török, Christian Schaefer, Anne Kokel.