Cause of pyloric stenosis of infancy /

The Cause of Pyloric Stenosis of Infancy chronicles the debate surrounding the cause of pyloric stenosis from its earliest discovery 300 years ago to the present.The Primary Hyperacidity Theory offers a credible explanation for all the classical signs and symptoms of pyloric stenosis as well a its a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Rogers, Ian Munro
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: London : Academic Press, 2021.
Subjects:
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • The Cause of Pyloric Stenosis of Infancy
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • Introduction
  • The first boy
  • Reference
  • Preamble
  • Chapter 1 The early descriptions
  • Overview
  • The 1911 M.D. Thesis
  • Early adjuvant diagnostic procedures
  • References
  • Chapter 2 The early theories of causation
  • Were the retained stomach contents different in any way?
  • References
  • Chapter 3 History of medical treatment
  • Medical treatment
  • Antispasmodic drugs
  • Dietary measures used to treat PS
  • Other methods
  • References
  • Chapter 4 Early surgical treatment
  • Preliminary jejeunostomy
  • Gastro-enterostomy (GE)
  • Divulsion of the pylorus (Nicoll-Loreta's operation)
  • Pylorectomy
  • Pyloroplasty (Heineke-Miculicz)
  • Pyloroplasty leaving the mucosa intact (extra-mucosal)
  • Dr. Pierre Fredet
  • References
  • Chapter 5 Ramstedt and beyond
  • The UK experience
  • England
  • Scotland
  • Contrasting surgical outcomes
  • References
  • Chapter 6 The alkalosis story
  • Histamine, histamine receptors and H2 receptor blockade
  • Alkalosis in PS and the search for the cause
  • Professor Leonard Findlay, Pediatrician 1878-1947
  • A moment in time
  • References
  • Chapter 7 The personal story
  • How it was-Acid secretion physiology
  • Where does pyloric stenosis of infancy come in?
  • The helicobacter story and duodenal ulcer
  • References
  • Chapter 8 What makes the adult pyloric sphincter contract?
  • The contribution from nerves
  • The autonomic nervous system
  • Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves (NANC nerves)
  • Purinergic nerves
  • The nitric oxide story (NO)
  • An overview
  • Interstitial cells of Cahal (ICC)
  • References
  • Chapter 9 How does acid in the duodenum trigger sphincter contraction?
  • Acid sensing-dependent processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Feedback control of gastric acid secretion
  • The duodenal mucosal function
  • Gastro-duodenal motility
  • Molecular acid sensors
  • Overview
  • Prostaglandins
  • Prostaglandins as a possible intermediary between duodenal hyperacidity and pyloric sphincter contraction
  • References
  • Chapter 10 Stomach motility and gastric emptying
  • Motility of the adult stomach
  • Function of the gastric reservoir
  • Gastric emptying and the antral pump
  • Gastric emptying
  • Regulation elicited from stomach
  • Regulation elicited from small intestine
  • Interdigestive motility of stomach and small intestine
  • Reference
  • Chapter 11 The pyloric sphincter and pyloric stenosis of infancy
  • References
  • Chapter 12 Symptoms, signs and other clues
  • The clinical clues
  • The journey
  • Neonatal gastrin and acidity
  • References
  • Chapter 13 Genetics-The seed and the soil
  • References
  • Chapter 14 The gastrin connection-Is it responsible for neonatal hyperacidity?
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 15 The hesitant beginnings of the primary hyperacidity theory of cause
  • The gastrin effect
  • Is a narrowed pylorus enough to kick-start PS in real life?
  • Do babies with PS have high gastrin levels?
  • The sphincter and the agents which cause it to contract
  • The feeding effect
  • Feeding frequency and the effect
  • References
  • Chapter 16 The primary hyperacidity theory
  • PS and acid secretion
  • Sphincter thickness as a variable continuum
  • The unexplained peaks in incidence
  • Cholecystokinin (CCK) levels
  • The puppy experiments
  • Hyperacidity starts PS
  • Physiology of acid secretion
  • Acid-induced work hypertrophy as the cause
  • The alleged histological abnormalities in PS
  • The continuum theory
  • The normal baby sphincter
  • Unexplained peaks in incidence revisited
  • Pyloromyotomy and falling mortality
  • Erythromycin.
  • The motilin story
  • References
  • Chapter 17 Clinical aspects and their explanation
  • The clinical diagnosis
  • Clinical questions resolved
  • What makes some babies develop PS?
  • Supporting evidence for hyperacidity as the cause
  • Why male babies?
  • Why self-cure with time?
  • Overview
  • Why is it more frequent in the first-born?
  • Seasonal incidence
  • Medical treatment
  • The importance of relative underfeeding
  • The African experience
  • Two illustrative cases
  • Why does the tumor disappear after pyloromyotomy and not after gastro-enterostomy?
  • Why do symptoms appear at around 3-4 weeks of age?
  • Neonatal PPI drugs-For good or ill
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Chapter 18 The link between pyloric stenosis of infancy and duodenal ulcer in adults: Feedback-negative and positive
  • Pyloric sphincter contraction
  • Hyperacidity and hypertrophy-The connection
  • The acid-producing consequences of pyloric sphincter hold-up
  • What happens when gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) begins?
  • Japanese contribution
  • The link between pyloric stenosis of infancy and duodenal ulcer in adults
  • The differences between duodenal ulcer and P.S.
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 19 Other contemporary lines of enquiry
  • The genetic story
  • Growth factors, chemical agents, and abnormalities of nerves
  • The infection theories
  • References
  • Chapter 20 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 21 The PS or reflux dilemma: Addendum 1
  • Milk vomiting or regurgitation in the first 3 months of life
  • Something old-something new
  • The developmental process
  • The pyloric stenosis (PS) of infancy connection
  • How does this concern babies vomiting from an incompetent but normally placed cardia?
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 22 The real world: Addendum 2
  • Index.