http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Antimicrobial textiles from natural resources
The textile industry is focused in its search for alternative green fibres with the aim of providing high-quality products which are fully recyclable and biodegradable.Natural textile materials from renewable sources play an increasingly important role in the industry due to their unique properties and functionality over synthetic fibres, as well.
Front Cover -- Antimicrobial Textiles from Natural Resources -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of contributors -- About the editor -- Preface -- 1 Antimicrobial textiles from natural resources: types, properties and processing -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Requirements for antimicrobial finishing -- 1.3 Benefits of natural antimicrobial finishes in textiles -- 1.4 Eco-friendly pretreatment technologies for durable antimicrobial finishing -- 1.4.1 Wet chemical process -- 1.4.2 Plasma treatment -- 1.4.3 Enzyme treatment -- 1.4.4 UV-irradiation -- 1.5 Antimicrobial agent preparation process from natural resources -- 1.5.1 Plant extraction by solvent process -- 1.5.2 Micro capsulation -- 1.5.3 Nanoencapsulation -- 1.5.4 Formulation of nanoparticle -- 1.6 Application methodology -- 1.7 Types of antimicrobial polymer -- 1.7.1 Bound or nonleaching antimicrobial -- 1.7.2 Diffuse or leaching antimicrobials -- 1.7.3 Mode of action of leaching and nonleaching antimicrobial polymer -- 1.8 Action mechanism of antimicrobial agents -- 1.9 Textile performance using natural antimicrobial agents -- 1.9.1 Walnut (Juglan regia) -- 1.9.2 Pomegranate (Punica granatum) -- 1.9.3 Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) -- 1.9.4 Aerva lanata L -- 1.9.5 Curcumin (Curcuma longa L.) -- 1.9.6 Terminalia chebula -- 1.9.7 Red pepper (Capsicum annuum) -- 1.9.8 Pelargonium hortorum -- 1.9.9 Mirabilis jalapa -- 1.9.10 Seaweed (Seaweed) -- 1.9.11 Prickly chaff flower (Achyranthesaspera L.) -- 1.9.12 Aloe vera -- 1.9.13 Neem -- 1.9.14 Natural dyes -- 1.9.15 Chitosan -- 1.9.16 Silk sericin -- 1.10 Natural plant synthesis of metallic nanoparticle for antimicrobial textiles -- 1.11 Natural antimicrobial agents for textile application in future -- 1.11.1 Abutilon indicum -- 1.11.2 Datura metel -- 1.11.3 Sajina (Moringa oleifera) -- 1.11.4 Azuki beans -- 1.11.5 Tea tree.
1.12 Testing issue of antimicrobial textiles -- 1.12.1 Efficacy testing -- 1.12.2 Durability testing of antimicrobial textiles -- 1.12.3 Safety testing -- 1.13 Regulations of antimicrobial textiles -- 1.13.1 Regulations for European markets -- 1.13.2 Regulations for US markets -- 1.14 Application of antimicrobial textiles in different purpose -- 1.15 Major challenges using natural antimicrobial on textiles -- 1.16 Conclusion -- 1.17 Limitation and future trends -- References -- 2 Microorganisms, infection and the role of medical textiles -- 2.1 Microbial world, an introduction -- 2.2 Human and microbe interaction -- 2.3 Microbes and its infection -- 2.4 Types of nosocomial infections (NIs) -- 2.4.1 Bacteria -- 2.4.2 Virus -- 2.4.3 Fungus -- 2.5 Epidemiology of NIs -- 2.6 Healthcare-associated infections -- 2.6.1 Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) -- 2.6.2 Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) -- 2.6.3 Surgical site infection (SSI) -- 2.6.4 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) -- 2.7 Factors behind the prevalence of NIs -- 2.7.1 Direct contact transmission factors -- 2.7.2 Indirect contact transmission factors -- 2.7.3 Transmission through healthcare environments -- 2.8 Infection control in healthcare services -- 2.8.1 Standard precautions -- 2.8.2 Advanced control precautions -- 2.8.3 Special infection control precautions -- 2.9 Importance of antimicrobial textiles -- 2.9.1 Surgical -- 2.9.2 Extracorporeal devices -- 2.9.3 Health care and hygiene products -- 2.10 Antimicrobial textiles as medical implants -- 2.11 Regulation for using antimicrobial textiles in medical and healthcare sectors -- 2.12 Conclusion -- 2.13 Future prospective -- References -- 3 Common and nano-antimicrobial textile finishes -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Antimicrobial finishing of textile materials.
3.2.1 Temporary (nondurable) antimicrobial finishes -- 3.2.2 Permanent (durable) antimicrobial finishes -- 3.3 Common antimicrobial finishes -- 3.3.1 Antimicrobial finishes with synthetic agents (polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB), quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs)... -- 3.3.1.1 Polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB) -- 3.3.1.2 Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) -- 3.3.1.3 Metals (metal oxides and salts) -- 3.3.1.4 Triclosan -- 3.3.1.5 N-Halamines and peroxy acids -- 3.3.2 Antimicrobial finishes with natural agents (chitosan, alginate, herbal products, essential oils, natural dyes, antimi... -- 3.3.2.1 Chitosan -- 3.3.2.2 Alginate -- 3.3.2.3 Herbal products -- 3.3.2.4 Essential oils -- 3.3.2.5 Natural dyes -- 3.3.2.6 Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) -- 3.3.2.7 Sericin -- 3.4 Nano-antimicrobial finishes -- 3.4.1 Antimicrobial finishes with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (silver, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper II oxid... -- 3.4.2 Antimicrobial finishes with natural nanoparticles, nanofibres and nanocapsules (herbal extracts, essential oils, chit... -- 3.4.3 Antimicrobial finishes with nanocomposites -- 3.5 Conclusion -- 3.6 Future outlook and trend -- References -- 4 Common, existing and future applications of antimicrobial textile materials -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Common microorganisms grown on textiles -- 4.3 Effect of contamination on textiles and wearer -- 4.4 Antimicrobial investigations in textiles -- 4.5 Classification of antimicrobial textile materials -- 4.5.1 Antimicrobial finishing agents -- 4.5.2 N-Halamine precursors as synthetic AM agent -- 4.5.3 Natural antimicrobial agents -- 4.5.3.1 Dyes and pigments -- 4.5.3.2 Natural products -- 4.5.3.3 Proteins and amino acids or nitrogenous formulations -- 4.5.3.4 Essential oils (EOs) -- 4.5.3.5 Biopolymers (chitosan and cyclodextrins) -- 4.5.4 Metallic coatings on fabrics for AM purposes.
4.5.4.1 Silver -- 4.5.4.2 Copper -- 4.5.4.3 Zinc -- 4.5.4.4 Titanium oxide -- 4.5.5 Composites and various AM -- 4.5.5.1 Metallic antimicrobial based agents -- 4.5.5.2 Natural antimicrobial-based agents -- 4.6 Synthesis and production techniques of antimicrobial textiles (AMT) -- 4.6.1 Ultrasonication -- 4.6.2 Ultraviolet irradiation -- 4.6.3 Plasma -- 4.6.4 Layer-by-layer deposition of AM agents -- 4.6.5 Sol-gel coating -- 4.7 Existing and future applications of AMT -- 4.7.1 Research not applied commercially -- 4.7.2 Commercially possible available -- 4.8 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Natural antimicrobial agents derived from beneficial microorganisms and plants and their application in the textile industry -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Application of plants extracts in the textile industry -- 5.3 Application of extracts derived from beneficial microorganisms in the textile industry -- 5.4 Application of enzymes in textile industries -- 5.5 Mechanisms of action against pathogenic microorganisms -- 5.6 Methods of application for natural antimicrobial agents -- 5.6.1 Nanotechnology -- 5.6.2 Direct application technique -- 5.6.2.1 Pad-dry-cure techniques -- 5.6.2.2 Exhaustion bath techniques -- 5.6.3 Cross-linking -- 5.6.3.1 Radiation method -- 5.6.3.2 Chemical method -- 5.6.3.3 Physical method -- 5.6.4 Fibre surface modification -- 5.6.5 Microencapsulation -- 5.7 Application of nanoparticles synthesized from the active metabolites of beneficial microorganisms and plants in the tex... -- 5.7.1 Gold nanoparticles -- 5.7.2 Silver nanoparticles -- 5.7.3 Alloy nanoparticles -- 5.7.4 Other metallic nanoparticles -- 5.7.5 Oxide nanoparticles -- 5.7.6 Sulphide nanoparticles -- 5.8 Conclusion -- 5.9 Recommendation -- References -- 6 Processing techniques of antimicrobial textiles -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Processing techniques -- 6.2.1 Coating.
6.2.1.1 Direct coating -- 6.2.1.2 Spray coating -- 6.2.1.3 Exhaust method -- 6.2.1.4 Pad-dry-cure method -- 6.2.1.5 Printing -- 6.2.2 Textile surface modifications -- 6.2.2.1 Plasma treatment -- 6.2.2.2 Microencapsulation -- 6.2.2.3 Cross-linking -- 6.2.3 Use of nanotechnology -- 6.2.3.1 Sol-gel technology -- 6.2.3.2 In situ synthesis of nanoparticle -- 6.2.4 Use of spinning technology -- 6.3 Latest trends in antimicrobial textile manufacturing -- 6.4 Antimicrobial finishes -- 6.5 Benefits and end use of antimicrobial textile -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Photo-induced antimicrobial agents for textile applications -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Inorganic photo-induced antibacterial agents -- 7.2.1 Titanium (Ti)-based PIAAs -- 7.2.1.1 Restrictions and advances of TiO2 NPs -- Silica coating of TiO2 NPs -- Nobel metal doping -- Metal doping -- Nonmetal doping -- Metal and nonmetal codoping -- Modification of TiO2 NPs with graphene-based materials -- 7.2.1.2 TiO2/textile durability deficiency and improvements -- 7.2.2 Zinc (Zn)-based PIAA -- 7.2.2.1 Recent advances of ZnO NPs -- 7.3 Organic photo-induced antibacterial agents -- 7.3.1 Photosensitisation mechanism -- 7.3.2 Phenothiazinium chromophore -- 7.3.3 Anthraquinone and benzophenone derivatives -- 7.3.4 Porphyrins -- 7.3.5 Phthalocyanines -- 7.3.6 Other photosensitisers -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Self-decontaminating antimicrobial textiles -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Chemistry of textile -- 8.3 Modification of textile -- 8.4 Superhydrophobic surfaces textiles -- 8.5 Organic compounds as an antibacterial agent -- 8.6 Nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent -- 8.7 Applications self-decontaminating textile -- 8.7.1 Antibacterial textiles -- 8.7.2 Antifungal -- 8.7.3 Photoactive chemicals for antimicrobial textiles.