Fundamentals of thermal and nuclear power generation /

Fundamentals of Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation is the first volume in the JSME Series in Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation.The first part of this volume provides a thorough and complete reference on the history of thermal and nuclear power generation, which has informed and sculpted today&#...

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author:	ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors:	Koizumi, Yasuo, Okawa, Tomio, Mori, Shoji
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2021.
Series:	JSME series in thermal and nuclear power generation.
Subjects:	Nuclear energy. Nuclear power plants. Heat engineering. Énergie nucléaire. Centrales nucléaires. Thermique. nuclear power. nuclear power plants. Heat engineering Nuclear energy Nuclear power plants Electronic books.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

Front Cover
Fundamentals of Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation
Copyright Page
Contents
List of contributors
About the authors
Preface of JSME Series in Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation
Preface to Volume 1: Fundamentals of Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation
1 Dawn of power for human beings/power from steam
1.1 Civilization progress and energy
1.2 Historical significance of getting force from fire for human beings
1.3 Power
1.4 History of getting power
1.5 Full maturity of modern civilization
1.6 Rule for power generation systems
1.7 Future prospect of power
1.7.1 Energy resource exhaustion
1.7.2 Environmental problems
1.7.3 Security
References
2 Development in power technology
2.1 Development of thermal power generation
2.1.1 Dawn of steam engine
2.1.2 Appearance of high-pressure engine
2.1.3 Watertube boiler development to the present
2.1.4 History of steam engine and turbine
2.1.5 Dawn of electric power generation
2.1.6 The road to modern steam power generation
2.2 Development of nuclear power generation
2.2.1 Dawn of nuclear energy
2.2.1.1 First artificial chain reaction at Chicago Pile No.1
2.2.1.2 Hanford B reactor
2.2.1.3 Clementine reactor
2.2.1.4 Experimental breeder reactor I
2.2.1.5 Power generation at AM-1 in the Soviet Union
2.2.1.6 Naval reactor
2.2.1.7 BORAX experiments
2.2.2 Development of nuclear power plant
2.2.2.1 Power plants in Soviet Union
2.2.2.2 Power plants in United Kingdom
2.2.2.3 Power plants in United States
2.2.3 Growth of nuclear power plants and nuclear accidents
2.2.3.1 Three Mile Island-2 pressurized water reactor plant and its accident
2.2.3.2 Reaktor bolshoi moshchnosty kanalny reactor and chernobyl disaster
2.2.3.3 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident.
2.2.4 Advanced nuclear power generation
2.2.4.1 Advanced boiling water reactor
2.2.4.2 Economic simplified boiling water reactor
2.2.4.3 AP1000
2.2.4.4 Evolutionary power reactor
2.2.5 Road to future nuclear power generation
2.2.5.1 Sodium-cooled fast reactor
2.2.5.2 Lead-cooled fast reactor
2.2.5.3 Very high-temperature gas reactor
2.2.5.4 Gas-cooled fast reactor
2.2.5.5 Supercritical water-cooled reactor
2.2.5.6 Molten salt reactor
References
3 Fundamentals for power engineering
3.1 Fundamentals of thermodynamics
3.1.1 Basic concepts
3.1.1.1 Thermodynamic system
Closed systems and open systems
Quantities of state
Equilibrium state
3.1.1.2 Energy
Various forms of energy
Internal energy
Relation between microscopic and macroscopic properties
3.1.2 The zeroth law of thermodynamics
3.1.2.1 The zeroth law of thermodynamics
3.1.2.2 Temperature scales
3.1.2.3 Heat capacity and specific heat
3.1.3 The first law of thermodynamics
3.1.3.1 Heat and work
Heat
Work (boundary work)
Several other forms of work
3.1.3.2 The first law of thermodynamics
Energy conservation
Application to closed system
Application to open system (steady flow system)
3.1.3.3 Thermodynamic process
Quasi-static or quasi-equilibrium process
Reversible and irreversible processes
3.1.4 Properties of various substances
3.1.4.1 Properties of gas
Equation of state for ideal gases
Equation of state for real gases
Internal energy and enthalpy of ideal gases
Specific heat of ideal gases
3.1.4.2 Properties of liquids and solids
3.1.5 Quasi-static change of ideal-gas
3.1.5.1 Isothermal process
3.1.5.2 Isobaric process
3.1.5.3 Isochoric process
3.1.5.4 Adiabatic process
3.1.5.5 Polytropic process
3.1.6 The second law of thermodynamics.
3.1.6.1 Cycle
3.1.6.2 Expressions of the second law of thermodynamics
Clausius statement
Kelvin-Plank statement
3.1.6.3 Carnot theorem
Adiabatic compression process from State 1 to 2
Isothermal heating process from State 2 to 3
Adiabatic expansion process from State 3 to 4
Isothermal cooling process from State 4 to 1
3.1.6.4 Entropy
3.1.6.5 The principle of entropy increase
3.1.7 Analysis of heat engine using entropy
3.1.8 Direction of spontaneous change and free energy
3.1.8.1 Heat flow in adiabatic system
3.1.8.2 Energy conversion in isothermal and isochoric system
3.1.8.3 Energy conversion in isothermal and isobaric system
3.1.9 Phase equilibrium
3.1.10 Exergy
3.1.10.1 Heat Q from heat source at the temperature T
3.1.10.2 Enthalpy H of working fluid
3.1.10.3 Example of exergy analysis of equipment
Heat exchanger
Turbine
Compressor
Combustion
3.2 Fundamentals of fluid dynamics of single-phase flow
3.2.1 Introduction
3.2.2 Ideal fluid and viscous-compressive real fluid
3.2.2.1 Viscosity and shear stress
Ideal fluid and viscous fluid
Deformation and velocity gradient
Expansion and contraction
Shearing deformation
Rotation
Newton's law of viscosity
3.2.2.2 Compressibility
Density change (equation of state)
Compressible fluid and incompressible fluid
Mach number
Critical flow
3.2.3 Basic equation
3.2.3.1 Conservation of mass
Control volume
Continuity equation
3.2.3.2 Conservation of momentum
Momentum advection
Viscous stress and pressure
External force
Momentum change in control volume
3.2.3.3 Navier-Stokes equation
Conservative form and nonconservative form
Nonlinearity
Equation of incompressible flow
3.2.3.4 Conservation of energy
Fourier's law
Equation of energy conservation.
Kinetic energy conservation (Bernoulli's theorem)
Enthalpy conservation
3.2.4 Laminar flow and turbulent flow
3.2.4.1 Reynolds number
Nondimensional Navier-Stokes equation
Physical meaning of Reynolds number
Transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow (Orr-Sommerfeld equation)
3.2.4.2 Laminar flow
Hagen-Poiseuille flow
Pressure drop in laminar flow
Rayleigh problem
Boundary layer equation
3.2.4.3 Turbulent flow
Basic theory
Energy cascade and Kolmogorov scale
Turbulent boundary layer
Pressure drop in turbulent flow
3.3 Fundamentals of heat transfer
3.3.1 Introduction to heat transfer
3.3.1.1 Modes of thermal energy transport
3.3.1.2 Conduction
3.3.1.3 Convection
3.3.1.4 Radiation
3.3.2 Boiling
3.3.2.1 Pool boiling
Boiling curve
Correlations for pool boiling
3.3.2.2 Flow boiling
Introduction to two-phase flow
Heat transfer coefficient
Pressure drop
Critical heat flux
Actual phenomenon
3.3.3 Condensation
3.3.3.1 Laminar film condensation
3.3.3.2 Turbulent film condensation
3.3.3.3 Dropwise condensation
3.4 Fundamentals of combustion
3.4.1 Fuel
3.4.1.1 Gaseous fuel
Natural gas
Liquefied petroleum gas
Coal gas
Producer gas
Water gas
Blast furnace gas
City gas
3.4.1.2 Liquid fuel
3.4.1.3 Solid fuel
3.4.2 Stoichiometric calculation
3.4.2.1 Combustion air requirements
3.4.2.2 Combustion products
3.4.2.3 Heating value of fuel
3.4.3 Calculation of gas temperature
3.4.3.1 Theoretical adiabatic flame temperature
3.4.3.2 Gas temperature with heat loss and incomplete combustion
3.4.3.3 Equilibrium flame temperature
3.5 Fundamentals of nuclear physics
3.5.1 Fission chain reactions and neutron multiplication
3.5.1.1 Fission chain reactions
3.5.1.2 Neutron multiplication.
3.5.2 Nuclear reactor fuel
3.5.2.1 Conversion
3.5.2.2 Breeding
3.5.3 Nuclear power plant
3.5.3.1 Steam power plant
3.5.3.2 Core components
3.5.3.3 Reactor components
3.5.4 Light-water reactors
3.5.4.1 Pressurized-water reactor
3.5.4.2 Boiling water reactor
References
Further reading
4 Power generation and society
4.1 Thermal power generation
4.1.1 Important fundamentals
4.1.1.1 Various types of fuel
4.1.1.2 Electric power
4.1.1.3 Power (kW) versus work/energy (kWh)
4.1.1.4 Electric power generation
4.1.1.5 Peak power
4.1.1.6 Combined cycle power generation
4.1.1.7 Heat pump
4.1.1.8 Cogeneration
4.1.1.9 Centralized power versus distributed power
4.1.1.10 SMART grids
4.1.1.11 Storage batteries
4.1.1.12 Fuel cells
4.1.1.13 Life cycle carbon dioxide emission
4.1.2 Site selection to operation with relevant regulations and laws
4.1.2.1 Overview
4.1.2.2 Site selection and environment assessment
4.1.2.3 Construction
4.1.2.4 Equipment installation process
4.1.2.5 Test and trial operation
4.1.2.6 Codes and standards
4.2 Safety assurance system of nuclear power plants in Japan
4.2.1 Basic concept to ensure safety
4.2.1.1 Ensuring safety at the design stage
4.2.1.2 Risk management
4.2.1.3 Response to external events such as earthquake and tsunami
4.2.2 Application of voluntary consensus code system in safety regulations
4.2.2.1 Background
4.2.2.2 Performance-based regulation of regulatory standards and role of voluntary consensus code system
4.2.2.3 Organization for formulating voluntary consensus code system
4.2.2.4 Codes and standards system and challenges
4.2.2.5 Future issues in standard formulation activities
4.2.3 Review of safety assurance activities in the countermeasures of the Fukushima Daiichi accident.