http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Influence of nutrients, bioactive compounds and plant extracts in liver diseases
Influence of Nutrients, Bioactive Compounds, and Plant Extracts in Liver Diseases provides evidence-based knowledge of the mechanism of action of natural compounds, as well as the relation of structure and function of phytochemicals in hepatitis B and C, fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cancer, biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The effect of phytochemicals in the hepatotoxicity of drugs is also addressed. Written for health professionals seeking reliable and up-to-date information on the beneficial or toxic effects of natural compounds on liver disease, this book is sure to be a welcomed resource for nutritionists, food chemists, natural product researchers, pharmacists, medical doctors, and pharmacognosists alike.
Intro -- Influence of Nutrients, Bioactive Compounds and Plant Extracts in Liver Diseases -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- References -- Part 1 Hepatoprotective activity of natural compounds and plant extracts in liver diseases -- Chapter 2 Hepatitis B -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Rheum palmatum L. -- 2.3 Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. -- 2.4 Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC. -- 2.5 Curcuma longa L. -- 2.6 Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn. -- 2.7 Phyllanthus niruri L. -- 2.8 Swertia patens Burkill -- 2.9 Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. -- 2.10 Role of natural compounds in ameliorating hepatitis B -- 2.10.1 Terpenoids -- 2.10.2 Lignans -- 2.10.3 Phenolic acids -- 2.10.4 Polyphenols -- 2.10.5 Alkaloids -- 2.11 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Conflict of interest -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3 Hepatitis C -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Etiology -- 3.3 Signs and symptoms -- 3.4 Genotypes and serotypes of HCV -- 3.5 Diagnosis (serology, biopsy, and screening) -- 3.6 Serology -- 3.7 Screening tests -- 3.7.1 Enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA) -- 3.7.2 The rapid test (point of care test) -- 3.7.2.1 Confirmatory tests -- 3.8 Biopsy -- 3.9 Screening -- 3.10 Prevention -- 3.11 Treatment -- 3.12 Hepatoprotective activity of natural compounds and plant extracts in Hepatitis C -- 3.12.1 Silymarin -- 3.12.2 Naringenin -- 3.12.3 Quercetin -- 3.12.4 ( −)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) -- 3.12.5 Luteolin and apigenin -- 3.12.6 Honokiol -- 3.12.7 3-Hydroxy caruilignan C (3-HCL-C) -- 3.12.8 Ladanein -- 3.12.9 Plumbagin -- 3.12.10 Corilagin -- 3.13 Conclusion -- Conflict of interest -- References -- Chapter 4 Alcoholic liver disease -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The cause and consequences of alcohol toxicity.
4.2.1 Alcohol metabolism and oxidative stress -- 4.2.2 Genetic alterations in developing of alcoholic liver diseases -- 4.2.3 The role of cytokines, chemokines, and adipocytokines in alcoholic liver disease -- 4.2.4 Sex differences in alcohol sensitivity -- 4.3 Alcohol as a depressant -- 4.4 Complex treatment of alcohol disease -- 4.4.1 Treatment of alcoholic liver diseases with vitamin supplements, nutrition, and medicaments with natural ingredi ... -- 4.4.2 Some traditional herbal medicines in complex treatment of alcoholists: Favorable and adverse effects -- 4.4.2.1 Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) -- 4.4.2.2 Pueraria lobate Willd. (Ohwi kudzu) -- 4.4.2.3 Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) -- 4.4.2.4 Tabernanthe iboga H. Bn. (Ibogaine) -- 4.4.2.5 Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. (Ginseng) -- 4.4.2.6 Piper methysticum G. Forst. (Kava) -- 4.4.2.7 Morus nigra L. (mulberry) and Taraxacum coreanum Nakai (dandelion) -- 4.4.2.8 Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Japanese raisin tree) -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5 Hepatoprotective activity of natural compounds and plant extracts in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis and progression -- 5.3 Oxidative stress and lipotoxicity -- 5.4 Mediterranean diet and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease -- 5.5 Natural compound effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease -- 5.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Liver cancer -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Classification of hepatic cancers -- 6.2.1 Benign tumors -- 6.2.2 Malignant tumors -- 6.3 Causes of liver cancer -- 6.4 Diagnosis -- 6.4.1 Nuclear medical imaging -- 6.4.2 Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) -- 6.4.3 Liver puncture biopsy -- 6.4.4 Serological molecular markers for liver cancer.
6.4.5 Pathological diagnosis of liver cancer -- 6.4.6 Prevention -- 6.4.7 Treatment -- 6.4.7.1 Glycyrrhizin -- 6.4.7.2 Wogonin -- 6.4.7.3 Resveratrol -- 6.4.7.4 Curcumin -- 6.4.7.5 Silymarin -- 6.4.7.6 Rhein -- 6.4.7.7 Naringenin -- 6.4.7.8 Geniposide -- 6.4.7.9 Salvianolic acid B (or magnesium lithospermate B, SAB) -- 6.4.7.10 Oxymatrine (or kwoninone, OM) -- 6.4.7.11 Tetrandrine -- 6.4.7.12 Berberine -- 6.4.7.13 Others -- 6.5 Conclusion -- Conflict of interest -- References -- Chapter 7 Chronic liver diseases -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Primary sclerosing cholangitis -- 7.3 Hepatic steatosis -- 7.4 Primary biliary cirrhosis -- 7.5 Liver fibrosis -- 7.6 The use of bioactive compounds and plant extracts in chronic liver diseases -- 7.7 Nutritional support in CLD -- References -- Chapter 8 Drug-induced hepatotoxicity -- 8.1 Background -- 8.2 Hepatotoxicity: An overview -- 8.3 Drug metabolic pathways of the liver and hepatotoxicity -- 8.4 Drug-induced hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms and risk factors -- 8.5 Epidemiological aspects -- 8.6 Hepatoprotective activity of natural compounds and plant extracts in drug-induced hepatotoxicity -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part 2 Influence of nutrients, plant extracts and natural compounds in liver diseases -- Chapter 9 Influence of omega-3 fatty acids and monounsaturated fats in liver diseases -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Chemistry and classification of omega fatty acids -- 9.3 Conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA -- 9.4 Chemistry and classification of MUFA -- 9.5 Sources of omega-3 fatty acids and MUFAs -- 9.6 Metabolism of omega-3 fatty acids and monounsaturated fats -- 9.7 Role of omega-3 fatty acids and monounsaturated fats in various liver diseases -- 9.7.1 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) -- 9.7.2 Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) -- 9.7.3 Fibrosis.
9.7.4 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) -- 9.8 Conclusion -- Conflict of interest -- References -- Chapter 10 Influence of vitamins (C, B 3, D, and E) in liver health -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Vitamin C -- 10.3 Vitamin B 3 (niacin) -- 10.4 Vitamin D -- 10.5 Vitamin E -- 10.6 Vitamin combinations and liver health -- 10.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Influence of other nutrients (e.g., l -arginine, taurine, and choline) on liver diseases -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Liver diseases -- 11.3 Arginine -- 11.3.1 Structural characteristics and metabolism -- 11.3.2 Functional links with the liver -- 11.3.3 Evidence of hepatoprotective functions -- 11.4 Taurine -- 11.4.1 Chemical structure and biological functions -- 11.4.2 Potential effects as a therapeutic agent -- 11.4.3 Clinical studies linked to liver diseases -- 11.5 Choline -- 11.5.1 Its metabolites and dietary sources -- 11.5.2 Aspects of its metabolism -- 11.5.3 Clinical evidence of the effect on liver health -- 11.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12 Antioxidants with hepatoprotective activity -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Natural hepatoprotective agents -- 12.2.1 Ursodeoxycholic acid -- 12.2.2 Choline -- 12.2.3 Betaine -- 12.2.4 S -Adenosyl- l -methionine -- 12.2.5 Melatonin -- 12.2.6 Glutathione -- 12.2.7 N -Acetylcysteine -- 12.2.8 Minerals in antioxidant enzymes -- 12.2.9 Vitamins E and C -- 12.2.10 Lycopene -- 12.2.11 Beta-carotene -- 12.2.12 Silymarin -- 12.2.13 Alpha-lipoic acid -- 12.2.14 Coenzyme Q10 -- 12.2.15 Curcumin -- 12.2.16 Other natural antioxidants with hepatoprotective effects -- 12.3 Synthetic hepatoprotectors with antioxidant activity -- 12.3.1 Pentoxiyfylline -- 12.3.2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors -- 12.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13 Plant extracts with putative hepatoprotective activity.
13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14 Plant extracts with putative hepatotoxicity activity -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 General concepts of hepatotoxicity -- 14.2.1 Types of hepatotoxicity -- 14.2.1.1 Idiosyncratic form of liver injury -- 14.2.1.2 Intrinsic form of liver injury -- 14.2.2 Causes of hepatotoxicity -- 14.2.2.1 Hepatotoxicity induced by drugs -- 14.2.2.2 Hepatotoxicity induced by viruses -- 14.2.3 Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity -- 14.2.3.1 Bile acid accumulation -- 14.2.3.2 Activation of parenchymal cells -- 14.2.3.3 Activation of nonparenchymal cells -- 14.3 Hepatotoxicity induced by plant extracts and mushrooms -- 14.3.1 Atractylis gummifera L. -- 14.3.2 Morinda citrifolia L. -- 14.3.3 Camellia sinensis L. -- 14.3.4 Aloe vera L. -- 14.3.5 Teucrium chamaedrys L. -- 14.3.6 Chelidonium majus L. -- 14.3.7 Piper methysticum G. Forst -- 14.3.8 Larrea tridentata (Sess. & amp -- Moc. ex DC.) Cov. -- 14.3.9 Mentha pulegium L. -- 14.3.10 Amanita phalloides (Vaill. ex Fr.: Fr.) -- 14.3.11 Viscum album L. -- 14.3.12 Xanthium strumarium L. -- 14.3.13 Scutellaria biacalensis Georgi -- 14.3.14 Callilepis laureola DC. -- 14.3.15 Valeriana officinalis L. -- 14.3.16 Hypericum perforatum L. -- 14.3.17 Cascara sagrada DC. -- 14.3.18 Cassia acutifolia Delile -- 14.3.19 Actaea racemosa L. -- 14.3.20 Echinaceae purpurea L. -- 14.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.
edited by Seyed Moayed Alavian [and more].