http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
an expert guide to the practical operation, design, and optimization of FCC units
Front Cover -- Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook -- Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook: An Expert Guide to the Practical Operation, Design, and Optimization of FCC Units -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- About the Author -- Preface to the Fourth Edition -- 1 -- Fluid catalytic cracking process description-converter section -- 1.1 Feed preheat section -- 1.2 Converter section -- 1.2.1 Partial versus complete combustion -- 1.3 Regenerator flue gas section -- 1.3.1 Regenerator catalyst separation -- 1.3.2 Catalyst handling facilities -- Summary
2 -- Process description main fractionator, gas plant and product treating sections -- 2.1 Main fractionator tower -- 2.2 Gas plant -- 2.2.1 Wet gas compressor -- 2.2.2 Primary absorber -- 2.2.3 Sponge oil or secondary absorber -- 2.2.4 Stripper or De-ethanizer -- 2.2.5 Debutanizer -- 2.2.6 Gasoline splitter -- 2.3 Water wash system -- 2.4 Treating facilities -- 2.4.1 Sour gas absorber -- 2.4.2 LPG treating -- 2.4.3 Caustic treating -- 2.5 Ultra low sulfur gasoline (ULSG) -- Summary -- 3 -- Process control instrumentation -- 3.1 FCCU converter operating variables
3.2 Process control instrumentations -- 3.2.1 Basic supervisory control -- 3.3 Feed diversion/Shutdown matrix -- 3.4 Advance process control (APC) -- 3.4.1 Advantages of multivariable modeling and control -- 3.4.2 Disadvantages of multivariable modeling and control -- Summary -- 4 -- FCC feed characterization -- 4.1 Hydrocarbon classification -- 4.1.1 Paraffins -- 4.1.2 Olefins -- 4.1.3 Naphthenes -- 4.1.4 Aromatics -- 4.2 Feedstock properties -- 4.2.1 °API gravity -- 4.2.2 Distillation -- 4.2.3 Aniline point -- 4.2.4 Refractive index -- 4.2.5 Bromine number and bromine index -- 4.2.6 Viscosity
4.3 Feedstock Impurities -- 4.3.1 Sulfur -- 4.3.2 Corbon Residue -- 4.3.3 Organic Nitrogen -- 4.4 Metals -- 4.4.1 Nickel (Ni) -- 4.4.2 Vanadium -- 4.4.3 Alkaline earth metals -- 4.4.4 Other metals -- Summary -- 4.5 Empirical correlations -- 4.5.1 K factor -- 4.5.2 TOTAL correlation -- 4.5.3 n-d-M correlation -- 4.5.4 API correlation -- 4.6 Benefits of hydroprocessing -- Summary -- References -- 5 -- FCC catalysts -- 5.1 Catalyst components -- 5.1.1 Zeolite -- 5.1.1.1 Zeolite structure -- 5.1.1.2 Zeolite chemistry -- 5.1.1.3 Zeolite types -- 5.1.1.4 Zeolite properties
5.1.1.5 Unit cell size (UCS) -- 5.1.1.6 Rare earth level and/or -- 5.1.1.7 Sodium content -- 5.2 Matrix -- 5.3 Filler and binder -- 5.4 Catalyst manufacturing techniques -- 5.4.1 Conventional zeolite (REY, REHY, HY) -- 5.4.2 USY zeolite -- 5.4.3 BASF process -- 5.5 Fresh catalyst physical and chemical properties -- 5.5.1 Particle size distribution (PSD) -- 5.5.2 Surface area (SA), m2/g -- 5.5.3 Sodium (Na), wt% -- 5.5.4 Rare earth (RE), wt% -- 5.6 Equilibrium catalyst analysis -- 5.6.1 E-cat chemical properties -- 5.6.1.1 Conversion (activity) -- 5.6.1.2 Coke factor (CF), gas factor (GF)
Kidlington, Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann, [2020]