Oncogenomics : from basic research to precision medicine /
Oncogenomics: From Basic Research to Precision Medicine offers a thorough survey of precision medicine and its diagnostic and therapeutic applications in oncology. Gathering contributions from leading international researchers in the field, chapters examine recent translational advances in oncogenom...
| Corporate Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | , |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London :
Elsevier Ltd. : Academic Press,
[2019]
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to the full text of this electronic book |
Table of Contents:
- Front Cover
- Oncogenomics
- Copyright Page
- Dedications
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- I. Molecular medicine: a novel approach to cancer investigation
- 1 From the Double Helix to Oncogenomics and Precision Cancer Medicine: An Evolving Story
- Abbreviations
- The Double Helix and the Human Genome Project
- Precision Medicine Initiative and Precision Cancer Medicine
- Oncogenomics in the Fight Against Cancer
- Master Protocols and Clinical Trials of Targeted Drugs
- NSCLC and Melanoma: Successful Examples of Precision Cancer Medicine
- NSCLC
- Melanoma
- Precision Cancer Medicine: Uncertainties and Drawbacks
- Conclusions
- References
- 2 Intratumor Heterogeneity: Biological and Clinical Implications
- Introduction
- Levels of Intratumor Heterogeneity
- Genetic Heterogeneity
- Transcriptomic and Proteomic Heterogeneity
- Spatial Heterogeneity
- Phenotypic Heterogeneity
- Clinical Implications of Intratumor Heterogeneity and Novel Approaches
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 3 The Role of Proteomics in Cancer Research
- What Is a Proteome?
- Proteomics Approaches in Cancer Research
- The Role of Proteomics in Cancer Research
- Advantages of the Proteome in Understanding the Biology of Cancer
- Applying Proteomics Tools for Cancer Research
- Post-translational Modifications in Cancer
- Tumor Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy
- Monitoring Drug Effects With Proteomics
- Conflict of Interest
- References
- Further Reading
- 4 Next-Generation Sequencing in Clinical Practice
- References
- Further Reading
- 5 Cancer Epigenetics: Aberrant DNA Methylation in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Introduction
- DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Regulation
- Alterations of DNA Methylation in Cancer Cells
- The CpG Island Methylator Phenotype.
- Therapies Targeting Hedgehog and Notch Signaling in Cancer Stem Cells
- Hedgehog Pathway Antagonists
- Notch Pathway Antagonists
- Conclusions and Future Perspectives
- References
- 9 Cancer Stem Cells in Multiple Myeloma and the Development of Novel Therapeutic Strategies
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells: General Concepts
- Clonotypic B Cells
- Clonogenic Plasma Cells
- Interconversion Between Differentiated and Undifferentiated Clonotypic Cells
- Side Population Cells
- Drug Resistance
- Signaling Pathways
- MicroRNAs
- Bone Marrow Microenvironment
- Targeting Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells
- Conclusions
- References
- II. Oncogenomics: Circulating Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology
- 10 Bone Metastases from Solid Tumors: In Search of Predictive Biomarkers for Clinical Translation
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Bone Metastases
- Pathogenesis of Bone Metastases
- The "Omics Sciences" in the Prediction of Bone Metastases From Most Common Solid Cancers
- In Search of a "Genomic Osteotropism Signature" in Solid Tumors
- Prediction of Bone Metastases: A Clinical and Socioeconomic Issue
- Conclusions
- References
- 11 Liquid Biopsy and Genomic Assessment for Lung Cancer: The Role in Clinical Practice?
- Introduction
- Which Biological Source?
- Importance of the Preanalytical Steps for the Reliability of the Results
- Which Analytical Platform for Which Evaluation?
- Targeted Evaluation of Mutations in EGFR
- Targeted Investigation Into Genomic Alterations Other That Those Present in EGFR
- Detection With a Selected Panel of Genes
- Perspectives and Conclusion
- References
- 12 Prognostic and Predictive Role of Circulating Tumor Cells
- Introduction
- CTC Isolation and Detection
- Prognostic Role of CTCs in Solid Tumors.
- Enumeration and Analysis of CTCs to Predict Treatment Response in Solid Tumors
- Clinical Utility of CTCs: Current Status and Future Directions
- References
- 13 Circulating miRNAs as Tumor Biomarkers
- MicroRNAs: Biosynthesis and Function
- miRNAs Dysregulated in Cancer
- Extracellular Vesicles and Extracellular miRNAs
- Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Cancers
- Breast Cancer
- Colorectal Cancer
- Lung Cancer
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Challenges and Opportunities for miRNA Based Biomarkers
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 14 Circulating DNA in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis
- Introduction
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA
- Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA)
- Circulating DNA Levels in Patients With Cancer
- Circulating Mutant Tumor DNA
- Presence of Mutant Circulating Tumor DNA as a Prognostic Marker
- Mutant Circulating Tumor DNA to Identify Therapy Sensitive or Resistant Cancer Subpopulations
- Direct Comparison of Cancer Tissue DNA Mutations and Circulating Tumor DNA Mutations
- Healthy Cells Can Take Up Mutant ctDNA
- Copy Number Variations in Circulating Tumor DNA
- Gene Methylation in Circulating Tumor DNA
- Conclusions
- References
- 15 Sequencing a Single Circulating Tumor Cell for Genomic Assessment
- Single-Cell Whole-Genome Sequencing Technologies
- Isolation of a Single CTC
- Single-Cell Whole-Genome Amplification Methods
- Linker Adapter PCR
- Primer Extension Preamplification PCR
- Degenerate Oligonucleotide-Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Multiple Displacement Amplification
- Multiple Annealing and Looping-Based Amplification Cycles
- Single CTC NGS for Genetic Study of CTCs and Clinical Applications
- Challenges and Future Prospects
- References
- 16 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cancer Research and Treatment
- Introduction.
- Potential Applications of SNPs in Oncology: Tumor Susceptibility
- Potential Applications of Snps in Oncology: Association With Prognosis
- Potential Applications of SNPs in Oncology: Association With Treatment Outcome
- References
- III. Gastrointestinal tumors: molecular diagnosis and treatment
- 17 Gastric Cancers: A Molecular Roadmap for Patient Stratification and Targeted Therapies
- Introduction
- Molecular Classification of Gastroesophageal Cancer
- Microsatellite Instability as a Biomarker
- Immuno-oncology Agent Biomarkers
- Current and Potential Targeted Therapeutic Strategies
- Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) Amplifications
- Targeting DNA Damage Repair (DDR) Pathways
- Antiangiogenesis Therapies
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
- Other Molecular Targets of Interest in Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinomas
- Future Directions
- References
- Further Reading
- 18 Resistance to EGFR Targeting Treatments in Colorectal Cancer
- Anti-EGFR Therapeutic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer
- Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapies: Heterogeneity Matters
- Mechanisms of Resistance
- Mutations
- Epigenetic Abnormalities
- Microenvironment
- Signaling Reactivation and Pathway Bypass
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 19 Circulating DNA and Protein Biomarkers for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Introduction
- Mutational profiles and targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer
- TKIs and monoclonal antibodies in metastatic Colorectal Cancer
- Tissue testing
- Liquid biopsies in metastatic colorectal cancer
- Circulating cell-free DNA in metastatic colorectal cancer
- Plasma protein biomarkers to monitor the effect of TKI in metastatic colorectal cancer
- Further research and the way forward
- References
- 20 Rationale for Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Malignancies.