Cover Image

Dehydroepiandrosterone /

Dehydroepiandrosterone, Volume 108, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943, covers the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms, with this release focusing on topics such as Dehydroepiandrosterone Resea...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: ScienceDirect (Online service)
Other Authors: Litwack, Gerald (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, MA : Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2018.
Series:Vitamins and hormones ; v. 108.
Subjects:
Dehydroepiandrosterone.
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Déhydroépiandrostérone.
MEDICAL > Pharmacology.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Front Cover
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone
  • Copyright
  • Former Editors
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Chapter One: Dehydroepiandrosterone Research: Past, Current, and Future
  • 1. Discovery of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Its Hormone Metabolites
  • 1.1. Nobel Prize for "Oestrus-Producing" Hormones
  • 1.2. Relationship Between the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute Für Biochemie and the Schering AG Company
  • 1.3. The Early Studies in the Physiological Role of "Oestrus-Producing" Hormones to Identify Active Steroid Hormones
  • 2. DHEA Synthesis and Metabolism
  • 2.1. DHEA Synthesis in the Adrenal Zona Reticularis
  • 2.2. Peripheral DHEA Metabolism
  • 2.3. Regulation of DHEA Synthesis and Metabolism
  • 3. Beneficial Effects of DHEA Supplementation
  • 3.1. Early Studies That Sparked Research on DHEA Supplementation
  • 3.2. Summary of Effects of DHEA in Animal Models
  • 3.3. Inhibition of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase by DHEA and Other Sterols
  • 4. Beneficial Effects of DHEA Supplementation on Human Disease
  • 4.1. Protocol DHEAge
  • 4.2. The PAQUID Research Program
  • 4.3. DHEA and Pulmonary Hypertension
  • 4.4. DHEA and Female Fertility
  • 4.5. DHEA and Cardiovascular Function and Well-Being
  • 5. The Future
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • Chapter Two: Mechanisms of Action of Dehydroepiandrosterone
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Overview of Steroid and Nuclear Receptors and the Transcriptional Activity
  • 3. DHEA Action via Nuclear Receptor Binding and Activation
  • 4. Regulation of Steroid and Nuclear Receptor Levels by DHEA
  • 5. DHEA Activation of Nuclear Estrogen Receptors
  • 6. DHEA Activation of Nuclear Androgen Receptor
  • 7. DHEA Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor
  • 8. DHEA Inhibition of Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity
  • 9. DHEA Activation of PPARs
  • 10. DHEA Stimulates Protein Phosphatase 2 Catalytic Subunit Alpha Transcription.
  • 2. Development of the Fetal Adrenal Cortex With Respect to DHEA Biosynthesis
  • 2.1. The Fetoplacental Unit
  • 2.2. The Regulation of DHEA Biosynthesis During Gestation
  • 3. Postnatal Development of the Adrenal Cortex With Respect to DHEA Biosynthesis
  • 4. Steroidogenesis in the Adult Adrenal Cortex
  • 5. Adrenarche and Adrenopause
  • 5.1. Adrenarche
  • 5.2. Adrenopause
  • 6. Animal Models
  • 7. DHEA(S) Biosynthesis and Actions in the Brain
  • 7.1. P450c17 Expression in the Developing Brain
  • 7.2. Function of DHEA in the Brain
  • 7.3. The Antiglucocorticoid Effects of DHEA in the Brain
  • 8. Conclusion
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter Six: Astrocyte Neuroprotection and Dehydroepiandrosterone
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Neurobiology of Astrocytes
  • 3. Astroglia Responses to Brain Injury
  • 4. Steroidogenesis and DHEA Production
  • 5. Mechanisms of Action of DHEA and DHEAS
  • 6. Astrocytes as a Target for Neuroprotection: Modulation by DHEA and DHEAS
  • 6.1. Stroke
  • 6.2. Traumatic Brain Injury
  • 6.3. Spinal Cord Injury
  • 6.4. Glutamate Excitotoxicity
  • 6.5. Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • 7. Conclusion and Future Directions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter Seven: The Role of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in Skeletal Muscle
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Steroidogenesis and Its Functions in Skeletal Muscle
  • 3. DHEA and Glucose Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle
  • 4. DHEA and Lipid Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle
  • 5. DHEA and Muscle Hypertrophy
  • 6. Summary
  • 7. Conclusion and Future Directions
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter Eight: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Its Sulfate (DHEA-S) in Mammalian Reproduction: Known Roles and Novel Pa ...
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS)
  • 3. Mammalian Fertilization Process
  • 3.1. Brief Outline.
  • 3.2. Oocyte Activation: The Sperm Factor
  • 4. In-Vitro Fertilization: Brief Concept
  • 5. DHEA/DHEA-S in Infertility Treatment and IVF
  • 5.1. DHEA Supplementation to Poor Responders
  • 6. DHEA-S in Oocyte Maturation and Activation: The Oocyte Factor?
  • 7. DHEA/DHEA-S-Induced Oocyte Activation In-Vivo and In-Vitro: Significance and Probable Mechanism of Action
  • 8. Conclusion
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter Nine: Dehydroepiandrosterone and Bone
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. DHEA in Age-Related Bone Loss and Osteoporosis
  • 3. DHEA and IGF-I in Bone Health
  • 4. DHEA and IGF-I in Bone Cells
  • 5. DHEA and IL-6 in Bone Health
  • 6. DHEA and IL-6 in Bone Cells
  • 7. Summary and Conclusion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Disclosure Statement
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter Ten: Autophagy and Autophagic Cell Death: Uncovering New Mechanisms Whereby Dehydroepiandrosterone Promotes Benef ...
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. ACD: Type II Programmed Cell Death
  • 2.1. Overview on Autophagy
  • 2.2. Definition and Assessment of ACD
  • 2.3. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying ACD
  • 2.4. Story of a Threatened Identity
  • 2.5. Autosis: A Particular Subtype of ACD?
  • 3. Biology of DHEA
  • 3.1. Controversies of DHEA and Identification of Its Receptors
  • 3.2. DHEA Regulation of Cell Death Mechanisms: A Jack of All Trades in Human Physiopathology
  • 3.2.1. Cardiovascular Disease
  • 3.2.2. Brain Disorders
  • 3.2.3. Cancer
  • 4. DHEA and ACD
  • 4.1. DHEA and Autophagy
  • 4.2. Steroid-Regulated Autophagy
  • 5. Conclusions and Future Directions
  • Acknowledgment
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter Eleven: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-SO4 Depot and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Intracrine Formation of Androgens Using DHEA as a Precursor
  • 3. ADT for Advanced Prostate Cancer
  • 3.1. Targeted Androgen Pathway Suppression.
  • 3.2. P450c17 Inhibitors, Abiraterone, Orterenol, and Galeterone
  • 3.3. Prednisone Treatment
  • 3.4. Drug Resistance Mechanisms
  • 4. Analytical Chemistry to Measure Keto- and Hydroxyandrogens
  • 5. Evidence for a Depot of DHEA-SO4
  • 5.1. DHEA-SO4
  • 5.2. 5-Androstenediol-SO4 and Epi-Androsterone-SO4 as a Source of Intratumoral Androgens
  • 5.3. Steroid Sulfate Transport
  • 5.4. Steroid Sulfatase
  • 6. Evidence for De Novo Synthesis of T and DHT From Cholesterol or Pregnenolone in CRPC Tumors
  • 7. Role of HSD3B1 in Intratumoral Androgen Biosynthesis
  • 8. Role of AKR1C3 in Intratumoral Androgen Biosynthesis
  • 9. Conclusions and Future Directions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter Twelve: Dehydroepiandrosterone and Cardiovascular Disease
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Basic Properties of DHEA: Expression, Structure, Biological Activities
  • 3. Cell and Tissue Effects Relevant to Cardioprotection
  • 3.1. Molecular Action of DHEA on Cardiovascular System: Tissue Targets
  • 3.2. Cardiovascular Tissue-Specific Effects of DHEA
  • 3.3. Tissue-Specific Effects of DHEA Relevant to Cardioprotection: In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence
  • 3.3.1. Effects on Vascular Wall
  • 3.3.2. Effects on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
  • 3.3.3. Effects on Cardiomyocytes
  • 4. DHEA and Cardiovascular Disease
  • 4.1. Role of DHEA on Compromised Endothelium
  • 4.2. Role of DHEA on Compromised Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
  • 4.3. Role of DHEA on Cardiovascular Function
  • 5. Conclusion and Future Directions
  • References
  • Chapter Thirteen: Effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Effects of DHEA on Diabetes Mellitus
  • 2.1. Animal Studies
  • 2.1.1. Effect of DHEA on the Liver
  • 2.1.2. Effect of DHEA on Muscle and Adipose Tissue
  • 2.1.3. Effect of DHEA on Insulin Secretion
  • 3. Human Studies.