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Gene-environment interactions in psychiatry
Gene-Environment Interactions in Psychiatry: Nature, Nurture, Neuroscience begins with the basic aspects of gene-environment studies, such as basic genetics, principles of animals modeling, and the basic processes of how environmental factors affect brain and behavior, with part two describing the most important psychiatric disorders in detail. Each chapter has a similar structure that includes a general description of the disorder that is followed by an analysis of the role of genes and how they are affected by environmental factors. Each chapter ends with a description of the most relevant animal models, again focusing on gene-environment interactions. The book concludes with a critical evaluation of the current research and an outlook for the (possible) future, offering a vignette into the fascinating world of nature, nurture, and neuroscience.
Cover ; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; Preface; Section I -- General Introduction; Chapter 1 -- Introduction; Introduction; Gregor Johann Mendel; Mendel's first law of inheritance: the law of segregation; Mendel's second law of inheritance: the law of€independent assortment; The legacy of Mendel's work; Criticism of Mendel's work; The search for the Mendelian elements; The sex chromosomes; Beyond Mendel: the historical development of€molecular genetics; A brief history of behavioral genetics; References; Chapter 2 -- The Genetic Basis of Behavior; Introduction.
The molecular structure of DNADNA synthesis and replication; The structure of the genome; DNA transcription; The structure of genes; mRNA processing; mRNA translation; Genetic alterations; Single Nucleotide Variations; Tandem repeat sequences; Triplet repeats; Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs); Short insertions and deletions (indels); Copy number variations (CNVs); Chromosomal variations; References; Chapter 3 -- Animal Modelling in Psychiatry; Introduction; Animal models; Screening Models; Pharmacological Bioassays; Neuroscience Bioassays; Simulation Models; Validating animal models.
Genetic modulation in animalsForward Genetic Approaches; Reverse Genetic Approaches; Random Techniques; Targeted Techniques; References; Chapter 4 -- The Environmental Basis of Behavior; Introduction; Environmental factors; Timing; The prenatal period; The perinatal period; The postnatal period; The adolescent period; Evaluating the role of environmental factors in animals; Developmental differences between rodents and humans; References; Chapter 5 -- Environment Challenges and the Brain; Introduction; Early environmental challenges and structural brain changes.
Early environmental challenges and the immune systemEarly environmental challenges and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis; Early environmental challenges and€neurotransmitter changes; Early environmental challenges and epigenetic changes; The molecular structure of chromosomes; The histone family of proteins; Epigenetic mechanisms -- introduction; Modification at the level of the nucleotides; DNA Methylation; RNA Interference; Chemical modification at the level of the histones; Histone Acetylation; Histone Phosphorylation; Histone Methylation; Additional Histone Modifications.
The Complexity of Histone ModificationsStructural changes at the level of the nucleosome; Early environmental challenges and epigenetic changes; The Environment and Chromatin Modification; The Environment and Histone Modification; The Environment and Chromatin Remodeling; References; Section II -- Gene-Environment Interactions in Psychiatric Disorders; Chapter 6 -- Drug Addiction; Introduction; Diagnosis and symptoms; The Epidemiology of drug addiction; The neurobiology of drug addiction; The pharmacological treatment of drug addiction; Replacement Therapies; Other Therapies.
Includes bibliographical references and index.