http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
getting the most out of polypropylene, polyethylene and TPO
1 online resource (xv, 278 pages) : illustrations
Additives for Polyolefins is a unique quick-reference resource for those who create or use polyethylene and polypropylene compounds-the most commercially important family of plastic materials, making up close to half of the volume all plastics produced and used. These polymers would be useless without various additives. The book focuses on polyolefin additives that are currently important in the plastics industry, alongside new additives of increasing interest, such as nanofillers and environmentally sustainable materials. As much as possible, each chapter emphasises the performance of the additives in the polymer, and the value each relevant additive brings to polypropylene or polyethylene. Where possible, similar additives are compared by capability and relative cost. In this new edition, product tables have been updated with the most current product and company names, new case studies have been added, the role of nanofillers is discussed in greater detail, and the book concludes with a discussion on blending and handling additives, along with an entirely new chapter on how engineers can approach the issue of sustainability when choosing an additive.
Front Cover; Additives for Polyolefins: Getting the Most Out of Polypropylene, Polyethylene, and TPO; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; Section I: Overview of Polyolefins and Additives; CHAPTER 1 Introduction; 1.1 Importance of POs; 1.2 Importance of PO additives; 1.3 Recent issues in using additives; 1.3.1 Matching property requirements with additive type and amount; 1.3.2 Doing more with less material; 1.3.3 New properties for new markets; 1.3.4 Unintended additive interactions; 1.3.5 Faster processing; CHAPTER 2 Trends in Polyolefin and Additive Use; 2.1 PO market trends
2.1.1 Growth vs. volatility2.1.2 Future resin growth and prices; 2.2 Overall trends in additives production and use; 2.3 Trends in resin compounding; 2.4 Trends in specific PO applications; 2.4.1 Packaging trends; 2.4.2 Automotive trends for POs; 2.4.3 Construction and infrastructure application trends; Section II: Environmental Resistance; CHAPTER 3 Antioxidants and Heat Stabilization; 3.1 Importance of AOs and stabilizers for POs; 3.2 Primary and secondary AOs; 3.2.1 Primary AOs (radical scavengers); 3.2.2 Secondary AOs (peroxide decomposers); 3.3 Factors determining AO selection
3.3.1 Thermal and color requirements in melt processing and in service3.3.2 AO selection by PO type and finished product form; 3.3.3 AO physical forms and handling; 3.3.4 Synergies and antagonistic interactions; 3.3.5 Cost; 3.3.6 Environmental, food-contact, and health and safety considerations; CHAPTER 4 Ultraviolet Light Protection and Stabilization; 4.1 UV degradation of POs; 4.2 UV blockers, screeners, and absorbers; 4.2.1 UV-blocking and -absorbing fillers and pigments; 4.2.2 Organic UV absorbers; 4.3 Quenchers and peroxide decomposers; 4.4 HALS: Free-radical scavengers
4.4.1 Overview of HALS4.4.2 Interactions of HALS and other additives; 4.5 Factors determining stabilizer selection; 4.5.1 General factors; 4.5.2 Light stabilizers for specific PO applications; CHAPTER 5 Flame-Retarding Additives; 5.1 Overview: The need for flame-retardant formulations; 5.1.1 Trends in flame-retarding additives; 5.1.2 Mechanisms of burning; 5.2 Halogen-based flame retardants; 5.2.1 Composition of H-FRs; 5.2.2 Concerns about halogenated FRs; 5.3 Mineral-based flame retardants; 5.3.1 ATH and MDH; 5.3.2 Other mineral fillers' FR effects
5.4 Intumescent and phosphorous-based flame retardants5.4.1 Mechanisms of phosphorous FRs; 5.4.2 Issues in improving phosphorous FRs; 5.5 Factors determining the selection of FR additives; 5.5.1 Cost, risk, and performance; 5.5.2 Property effects and co-additive interactions; 5.5.3 FR density and form; 5.5.4 Halogen-free benefits (and costs); CHAPTER 6 Additives for Modifying Electrical Properties; 6.1 Antistatic and ESD additives; 6.1.1 Migrating chemical antistats; 6.1.2 Nonmigrating polymers as permanent antistatic/ESD additives; 6.1.3 Conductive fillers as antistatic/ESD additives
Includes bibliographical references and index.