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Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Volume VI is a collection of research papers that present geochemical and geophysical investigations of the constitution and history of the earth; geological phenomena; and oil and ore formation. The book is composed of seven chapters written by different authors who are experts in the fields of geophysics and geochemistry. It covers the description of the structure and composition of the earth's mantle; a survey of the developments in the study of seismic surface waves; and model experiments of tectonic processes. Articles on the application of trace elemen.
Front Cover; Physics and Chemistry of the Earth; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; CHAPTER 1. RECENT EVIDENCE CONCERNING THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH'S MANTLE; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. PRINCIPAL FEATURES OF THE MANTLE; 3. INTERPRETATION OF THE SEISMIC VELOCITIES IN THE MANTLE; 4. SURFACE WAVE THEORY; 5. DISPERSION RESULTS; REFERENCES; CHAPTER 2. THE APPLICATION OF TRACE ELEMENT DATA TO PROBLEMS IN PETROLOGY; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS OF TRACE ELEMENT BEHAVIOUR; 3. AVERAGE ABUNDANCES OF ELEMENTS; 4. GEOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE ELEMENTS.
5. application of trace element data to specific problemsreferences; chapter 3. factors in the distribution of the trace elements during the crystallisation of magmas; introduction; 1. factors controlling the diadochic distribution of the trace elements during the crystallisation of magmas; 2. factors in the formation of non-diadochic forms of occurrence of the ore elements; references; chapter 4. seismic surface waves: some observations and recent developments; 1. introduction; 2. instrumental development; 3. fundamental mode continental love and rayleigh wave observations.
4. fundamental mode oceanic love wave observations5. fundamental mode oceanic rayleigh wave observations; 6. long-period love and rayleigh wave data; 7. higher mode surface waves; 8. some future work; acknowledgments; references; chapter 5. sea floor relief and mantle convection; introduction; are rises transient?; are rises associated with exceptional heat?; have crustal blocks been moved laterally on rises?; were blocks moved when rises existed?; were blocks moved away from the crest?; distribution of rises; convection in the mantle.
Are ocean basins swept clean or is the sea floor spreading?conclusions; references; chapter 6. present status of oceanic heat-flow measurements; 1. introduction; 2. techniques of measurement; 3. distribution and results of heat-flow measurements; 4. indian ocean measurements; 5. future investigations; acknowledgments; references; chapter 7. experimental tectonics; 1. introduction; 2. principles of model tests of tectonic phenomena; 3. the mechanical properties of rocks and equivalent materials; 4. optical method of investigation of stresses in models.
5. example of model test of inter-stratal dislocations6. examples of model tests of folds; 7. examples of model testing of deformations of large sections of the earth's crust; 8. examples of model experiments on tectonic faults; 9. conclusion; references; author index; subject index; contents of previous volumes.
Includes bibliographical references and index.