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1 online resource (viii, 139 pages) : illustrations
Mechanisms of Speech Recognition explores the mechanisms underlying speech recognition. Topics covered include the auditory system, speech production, auditory psychophysics, speech synthesis and analysis, vowel and consonant recognition, and perception of prosodic features and of distorted speech. Automatic speech recognition and models of speech recognition are also given consideration.
Front Cover; Mechanisms of Speech Recognition; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Foreword; CHAPTER 1. SPEECH PRODUCTION; Introduction; Speech communication; Phonemes; Vocal apparatus; Production of vowels; Diphthongs; Nasals; Semivowels; Fricatives; Plosives; Affricates; Conclusions; CHAPTER 2. THE AUDITORY SYSTEM; Outer ear; Middle ear; Inner ear; Organ of Corti; Nerve cells; Pathways in the auditory system; Single unit recording; Frequency selectivity of the cochlea; Units of the lower auditory system; Lateral suppression; Multiple-peak stimuli; Units in the auditory cortex
CHAPTER 3. AUDITORY PSYCHOPHYSICSThreshold of hearing; Intensity discrimination; Frequency thresholds; Frequency discrimination; Pitch; Loudness; Critical bands; Perception of duration; Fatigue; Masking; Pulsation thresholds; Theories of hearing; CHAPTER 4. SPEECH ANALYSIS; Speech waveforms; Spectrum analysis; Sound spectrograph; Vowel sounds; Diphthongs; Semivowels; Nasals; Fricatives; Stop consonants; Affricates; Co-articulation; Distinctive features; Contextual constraints; Statistics of spoken English; CHAPTER 5. SPEECH SYNTHESIS; Historical; Vocoders; Pattern playback
Formant synthesizersControl of speech synthesizers; Digital synthesis; Linear predictive coding; Vocal tract synthesizers; Speech synthesis by rule; Transmission of speech signals; CHAPTER 6. VOWEL RECOGNITION; Dimensional analysis; Formant frequency estimation; Formant transitions; Vowel duration; Vocal tract normalization; Reliability of vowel perception; Difference limens for vowels; CHAPTER 7. CONSONANT RECOGNITION; Perception of semivowels; Perception of stop consonants; Perception of nasals; Perception of fricatives; Categorical perception; Consonant confusions; Adaptation
Hemispheric specializationBilateral adaptation; CHAPTER 8. PERCEPTION OF PROSODIC FEATURES; Perception of fundamental frequency; Perception of duration; Stress; Rhythm and tempo; Duration of syllables; Intonation; CHAPTER 9. PERCEPTION OF DISTORTED SPEECH; Frequency distortions; Amplitude distortions; Time distortions; Masking of speech; Effect of context; Cocktail-party effect; Verbal transformation effect; Perception of temporal order; CHAPTER 10. AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION; Early speech recognizers; Other forms of pre-processing; Some problems; Analogue feature recognition system
Speaker-independent digit recognitionContinuous speech recognition; Sources of linguistic knowledge; Hierarchical systems; Top-down systems; Heterarchical systems; CHAPTER 11. MODELS OF SPEECH PERCEPTION; Short-term auditory memory; Location of speech detector mechanisms; Motor theory of speech perception; Auditory theory of speech perception; Models from automatic speech recognition; Conclusions; REFERENCES; AUTHOR INDEX; SUBJECT INDEX; OTHER TITLES IN THE SERIES IN NATURAL PHILOSOPHY
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Includes bibliographical references (pages 125-132).
Pergamon international library of science
Ainsworth, W.A. (William Anthony), 1939-
Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, 1976
International series in natural philosophy ; v. 85