Emerging materials for photodegradation and environmental remediation of micro- and nano-plastics : recent developments and future prospects /

Emerging Materials for Photodegradation and Environmental Remediation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics provides an in-depth understanding of the materials, design choices and applications needed for the mitigation of micro- and nano-plastic pollutants from environmental wastewater. This is a topic that c...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Other Authors:	Singh, Laxma (Editor), Kumar, Sunil (Editor)
Format:	eBook
Language:	English
Published:	London, UK : Hoboken, NJ : ISTE Ltd ; John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2025.
Series:	Materials science series (London, England)
Subjects:	Polymers > Deterioration. Photochemistry.
Online Access:	Connect to the full text of this electronic book

Table of Contents:

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Micro- and Nano-Plastic Pollution: Present Status on Environmental Issues and Photocatalytic Degradation
1.1. Introduction
1.2. MPs and NPs: Sources, impact and health hazards
1.2.1. Micro-plastics
1.3. Nano-plastics
1.3.1. Sources and environmental risks
1.4. Impact of Covid-19 on plastic pollution
1.5. Methods for plastic degradation
1.5.1. Current methods for plastic degradation
1.5.2. Emerging solutions for plastic degradation
1.6. Conclusion
1.7. Future directions for plastic pollution control
1.8. References
Chapter 2. Metal Oxide-based Smart Materials for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Metal oxide photocatalysts and their characteristics
2.2.1. TiO2
2.2.2. ZnO
2.2.3. CuO
2.2.4. NiO
2.3. Conclusion and future prospectives
2.4. Acknowledgments
2.5. References
Chapter 3. WO3-based Smart Material for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastic
3.1. Overview of micro- and nano-plastics
3.2. Photocatalytic degradation mechanism
3.3. Tungsten trioxide (WO3)
3.3.1. (WO3)-based smart materials
3.3.2. Synthesis of WO3-based smart material
3.3.3. A few WO3-based smart materials
3.4. Applications and future scope
3.5. References
Chapter 4. The Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes in Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastic
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Micro- and nano-plastic
4.3. Carbon nanotube materials
4.4. Coating of carbon nanotube as photocatalytic degradation materials
4.4.1. TiO2 coating
4.4.2. ZnO coating
4.5. Functionalized carbon nanotube as photocatalytic degradation materials
4.5.1. Single wall carbon nanotube
4.5.2. Multiwall carbon nanotube.
4.5.3. Noncovalent endohedral and exohedral functionalization with surfactants
4.5.4. Graphene-functionalized carbon nanotube
4.6. Hetero atom doping of carbon nanotube as photocatalytic degradation material
4.7. Conclusion
4.8. References
Chapter 5. Environmental Justifications of MXene towards Photocatalytic Capture and Conversion of Micro- and Nano-Plastic
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Nanomaterial catalyzed methods for the degradation of micro- and nano-plastics
5.3. Photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastics
5.4. MXene: a nanomaterial with diverse applications
5.5. Important properties of MXenes
5.6. Application of MXene as photocatalyst
5.7. Application of MXene-based materials for the degradation of organic pollutants
5.8. MXene as photocatalyst for degradation of MPs and NPs
5.9. Conclusion
5.10. References
Chapter 6. Metal-Organic Framework based on Functional Materials for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastic
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Historical background and discovery of metal-organic frameworks
6.3. Bonding in metal-organic frameworks
6.4. Dimensionality of metal-organic frameworks
6.5. Methods for the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks
6.5.1. Ultrasonic synthesis
6.5.2. Electrochemical synthesis
6.5.3. Mechanochemical synthesis
6.5.4. Microwave synthesis
6.6. Properties of metal-organic frameworks
6.7. Micro- and nano-plastics
6.7.1. Photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastics
6.7.2. Mechanism of photocatalytic degradation
6.7.3. Changes in micro-/nano-plastics morphology in photocatalytic degradation
6.8. Factors influencing photocatalytic degradation efficiency
6.9. Role of micromotors in photocatalytic degradation of MPs/NPs.
6.10. Photocatalytic water purification: removal of micro- and nano-plastics from water
6.10.1. Photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate nano-plastics
6.10.2. Photodisintegration of emerging pollutants
6.11. References
Chapter 7. Carbon-based Materials for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-plastics
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Classification of carbon-based nanomaterials
7.2.1. Carbon nanotubes
7.2.2. Single-walled carbon nanotubes
7.2.3. Double-walled carbon nanotubes
7.2.4. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
7.2.5. Fullerene
7.2.6. Nanodiamonds
7.2.7. Carbon dots
7.2.8. Graphene
7.2.9. Graphene nanoribbons
7.2.10. Graphene quantum dots
7.3. An overview of photocatalysts' breakdown of MPs and NPs
7.4. Carbonaceous nanomaterials
7.4.1. Graphene, RGO (reduced graphene oxide) and GO
7.4.2. Carbon nanotubes
7.4.3. Nano-graphite
7.4. Conclusion
7.5. References
Chapter 8. Graphene-based Materials for Photodegradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
8.1. Introduction
8.1.1. Overview of micro-plastics
8.1.2. Overview of nano-plastics
8.1.3. Environmental impact of micro- and nano-plastics
8.1.4. Better alternatives to plastics
8.1.5. Status of plastic recycling in India with other countries
8.2. Graphene-based materials
8.3. Structure and characteristics of graphene-based materials
8.4. Photodegradation and graphene-based materials
8.5. Application of GMBs in removal/degradation/remediation of different pollutants
8.6. Photodegradation of micro- and nano-plastics by graphene-based materials
8.7. Challenges and future perspectives
8.8. Environmental fate of graphene-based materials
8.9. Conclusion
8.10. References
Chapter 9. 2D Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
9.1. Introduction.
9.2. 2D materials
9.2.1. Graphene family
9.2.2. Transition metal dichalcogenides and MXenes
9.2.3. Phosphorene
9.2.4. Oxides and hydroxide materials
9.3. Synthesis of 2D materials
9.4. Properties and applications of 2D materials
9.5. Application of 2D materials in photocatalytic degradation
9.6. Micro- and nano-plastics
9.7. Micro- and nano-plastics identification
9.7.1. Microscopy: stereo microscopy and dissecting microscopy
9.7.2. Fluorescence microscopy
9.7.3. Transmission electron microscopy
9.7.4. Scanning electron microscopy
9.7.5. Atomic force microscopy
9.7.6. FTIR spectroscopy
9.7.7. Raman spectroscopy
9.7.8. Thermal analysis
9.7.9. New approaches and new identification strategies
9.7.10. Impact of micro- and nano-plastics on human health
9.8. Photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastic
9.9. Photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastic through 2D materials
9.10. Summary and conclusion
9.11. Acknowledgments
9.12. References
Chapter 10. Hybrid 2D-Smart Materials in Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
10.1. Introduction
10.2. 2D materials: properties and functionalities
10.2.1. Electronic properties
10.2.2. Optical properties
10.2.3. Mechanical properties
10.2.4. Thermal properties
10.2.5. Chemical properties and functionalization
10.2.6. Synergistic effects in hybrid 2D materials
10.3. Hybrid 2D-smart materials: design and synthesis
10.3.1. Synthesis techniques
10.3.2. Examples of hybrid 2D-smart materials
10.4. Mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastics
10.4.1. Initiation of degradation
10.4.2. Role of photocatalyst morphology and composition
10.4.3. Pathways of degradation
10.4.4. Environmental factors and degradation efficiency.
10.5. Degradation of micro-plastics in marine environments
10.5.1. Photocatalytic degradation of nano-plastics in wastewater treatment
10.5.2. Integration of photocatalytic coatings in water purification systems
10.5.3. Photocatalytic degradation of micro-plastics in agricultural soils
10.6. Challenges, limitations and future scopes
10.7. Conclusions
10.8. References
Chapter 11. Design and Structural Modification of Advanced Biomaterials for Photocatalytic Degradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
11.1. Introduction
11.1.1. Plastic pollution: a global challenge
11.1.2. Photocatalytic degradation: a green approach
11.2. Smart biomaterials: overview and selection criteria
11.2.1. Definition and characteristics of smart biomaterials
11.2.2. Selection criteria for smart biomaterials
11.3. Design principles for enhanced photocatalysis
11.3.1. Tailoring optical properties
11.3.2. Surface functionalization for targeted activity
11.4. Structural modifications for improved efficiency
11.4.1. Nanocomposite formation
11.4.2. Porosity enhancement
11.5. Case studies and applications
11.5.1. Titanium dioxide nanomaterials
11.5.2. Graphene-based smart biomaterials
11.6. Challenges and future perspectives
11.6.1. Overcoming biocompatibility concerns
11.6.2. Scalability and cost-effectiveness
11.6.3. Integration with other remediation techniques
11.7. Conclusion
11.8. References
Chapter 12. Nanocomposites: Sustainable Resources for Photodegradation of Micro- and Nano-Plastics
12.1. Introduction
12.1.1. Addressing environmental challenges with nanocomposites
12.2. Photocatalytic degradation of micro- and nano-plastics
12.3. Nanocomposites in environmental remediation
12.3.1. Understanding nanocomposites.