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This book presents a systematic human factors-based proactive approach to the improvement of health care work and patient safety. The proposed approach delineates a more direct and powerful alternative to the contemporary dominant focus on error investigation and care providers' accountability. It demonstrates how significant improvements in the quality of care and enhancement of patient safety are contingent on a major shift from efforts and investments driven by a retroactive study of errors, incidents and adverse events, to an emphasis on proactive human factors driven intervention and on the development of corresponding conceptual approaches and methods for its systematic implementation--
Preface There has been a growing awareness among the general public and the medical professional community of the occurrence of failures and mistakes in health care, from primary care procedures to the complexities of the operating room. Medical personnel and policy makers are desirous for both an assessment and investigation of the problem in order to unveil the root cause to pinpoint the factors and guilty parties, and proposals for corrective measures and improvement of the situation. This book examines the problem and investigates the tools to improve health care quality and safety from a human engineering viewpoint--the applied scientific field engaged in the interaction between the human operator (functionary, worker), the task requirements, the governing technical systems, and the characteristics of the work environment. The editors' major claim is that the main cause for the multiplicity of medical errors is not lack of motivation or carelessness of care providers, rather the hostile and unfriendly work environment confronted by doctors, nurses, and other members of the medical team. The health care working environment in the main is not properly planned, nor is it appropriate to the tasks facing the team members; it is considerably disadvantaged by the lack of a systemic thought approach enabling the system to allow carrying out of tasks in an efficient and safe manner. The book's chapters are based on a theoretical and practical approach developed by the editors, Yoel Donchin, representing the medical profession, and Daniel Gopher, from the human factors engineering field, cooperating over a period of approximately two decades. --
Front Cover; Contents; Preface; The Editors; Contributors; Chapter 1: Human Factors and Safety in Health Care; Chapter 2: A History of Medical Errors; Chapter 3: Types and Causes of Medical Errors in Intensive Care; Chapter 4: The Operating Room and Operating Process-Observations; Chapter 5: Mental Models as a Driving Concept for the Analysis of Team Performance in the Emergency Medicine Department; Chapter 6: Magnesium Sulphate Dosage-Analysis of Problems Involved in the Medication Administration Process
Chapter 13: Thinking Patterns of Physicians and Nurses and the Communication between Them in the Intensive Care UnitChapter 14: The Operating Room Briefing; Chapter 15: Analysis of the Rate of Interruptions during Physician Rounds; Chapter 16: How Does Risk Management Differ from Accident Prevention?; Chapter 17: Reconstruction to Investigate the Sources of an Event in a Medical System; Chapter 18: Development of a Human Factor Focused Reporting System for Hospital Medical Staff on Daily Difficulties and Problems in Carrying Out Their Work
Chapter 19: Patient Safety Climate: Development of a Valid Scale to Predict Safety Levels in Hospital DepartmentsChapter 20: Beyond Fatigue: Managerial Factors Related to Resident Physicians' Medical Errors; Chapter 21: Gentle Rule Enforcement; Chapter 22: Human Engineering and Safety in Health Care Systems-What Have We Learned?; Chapter 23: Summary: The Physician's Point of View; Back Cover
[edited by] Yoel Donchin, Daniel Gopher.
Description based upon print version of record.
Includes bibliographical references and index.