http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures, Second Edition
Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures
Lines, Task Committee on Fiber-Reinforced Composite Structures for Overhead.
Prepared by the Task Committee on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures of the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers.Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures, MOP 104, Second Edition, details best practices for the use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite poles and crossarms in resilient conductor support applications. With continued advancements and innovations in the composite industry in the 16 years since the first edition was published, this new edition updates and expands on nearly every aspect of FRP pole and crossarm testing, design considerations, installation, and asset management, providing the line designer with another tool in the line design tool box in addition to the traditional materials of wood, steel, and concrete. MOP 104, Second Edition, provides recommendations and suggested guidelines for performance-based tests for all FRP components, discusses factors that could affect the performance of FRP poles after installation, suggests field inspection methods, and provides basic maintenance and field repair techniques. Notable updates includeRecommendations on when to utilize FRP products; An in-depth review of serviceability equivalency (id est, deflection) and strength equivalency for optimized FRP composite pole selection;Material industry best practice hardware solutions for FRP structures for a range of overhead line framings;Comprehensive installation review including foundation options; andField inspection recommendations, including fiber bloom examples, and potential maintenance requirements.This manual of practice will be valuable to overhead line asset owners and engineers involved in utility, electrical, and structural engineering.
Mop_104 _online.pdf -- MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- 1. STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 When to Use FRP Composite Components -- 1.2.1 Where Traditional Materials Do Not Last as Long as They Should -- 1.2.2 Where Structure Installation Cost Is Higher Than Average -- 1.2.3 Where High-Performance Solutions Are Required -- 1.3 Structure Configurations -- 1.3.1 Cantilevered Structures -- 1.3.2 Framed Structures -- 1.3.3 Guyed Structures -- 1.3.4 Combined Structures -- 1.4 Applications -- 1.4.1 Transmission and Distribution Structures -- 1.4.2 Substation Structures -- 1.4.3 Lighting Supports, Highway Signs, and Traffic Signal Structures -- 1.4.4 Communication Structures -- 2. MATERIALS -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Material Composition -- 2.2.1 Thermosets and Thermoplastics -- 2.2.2 Thermoset Polymer Resins -- 2.2.3 Additives and Fillers -- 2.2.4 Fiber Reinforcement -- 2.3 Design Criteria for Material Selection -- 2.4 FRP Material and Process Characteristics -- 2.4.1 Material Characteristics -- 2.4.2 Manufacturing Processes -- 3. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Physical Considerations -- 3.3 Transportation -- 3.4 Connections -- 3.5 Guy Wire Connections -- 3.6 Guy Wire Anchors -- 3.7 Grounding -- 3.8 Climbing -- 3.8.1 Steps -- 3.8.2 Ladders -- 3.9 Aesthetic Considerations -- 3.10 Structural Loading -- 3.10.1 Introduction -- 3.10.2 Load Considerations for Overhead Distribution and Transmission Power Lines -- 3.10.3 Legislated (or Code) Loads -- 3.10.4 Meteorological Loads -- 3.10.5 Longitudinal Loads -- 3.10.6 Construction and Maintenance Loads -- 3.10.7 Structure-Strength Equivalency -- 3.10.8 Deflection and Serviceability Equivalency -- 3.11 Durability -- 3.12 Foundations -- 3.12.1 Geotechnical Analysis -- 3.12.2 Foundation Design -- 3.13 Service Life -- 3.14 Strength.
3.15 Electrical Performance -- 3.16 Environment -- 3.17 Life-Cycle Evaluations -- 3.18 Joints -- 3.18.1 Slip Joints -- 3.18.2 Flange and Other Mechanical Joints -- 4. DESIGN CRITERIA -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Designing with FRP Products -- 4.3 Poles -- 4.3.1 Mechanical Properties -- 4.3.2 Bending Strength -- 4.3.3 Local Buckling Strength -- 4.3.4 Axial Strength -- 4.3.5 Pull-Through Strength -- 4.3.6 Hoop Strength -- 4.3.7 Torsional Strength -- 4.3.8 Fatigue Strength -- 4.3.9 Deflection -- 4.4 Crossarms -- 4.4.1 Mechanical Properties -- 4.4.2 Bending and Shear Strength -- 4.4.3 Deflections -- 5. SUGGESTED GUIDELINES FOR PERFORMANCE-BASED TESTS -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Recommended Mechanical Tests -- 5.2.1 Static Bending (Horizontal Loading) Test -- 5.2.2 Bolt Torque Test -- 5.2.3 Bolt Pull-Through Test -- 5.2.4 Direct Load Shear Test -- 5.2.5 Field Drillability Test -- 5.2.6 Step Bolt Compatibility Test -- 5.3 Optional Mechanical Tests -- 5.3.1 Torsional Load Test -- 5.3.2 Fatigue Tests -- 5.3.3 Permanent Deflection Tests -- 5.3.4 Slip Joint Tests -- 5.3.5 Column Buckling Tests -- 5.4 Laminate Durability and Integrity Tests -- 5.4.1 Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Tests -- 5.4.2 Hydrophobicity Tests -- 5.4.3 Water Absorption Tests -- 5.4.4 Leaching Tests -- 5.4.5 Fire Tests -- 5.4.6 Coating Tests -- 5.4.7 Impact Testing -- 5.5 Electrical Tests -- 6. QUALITY ASSURANCE -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Design and Drawings -- 6.3 Material Combination, Manufacturing Equipment, and Process -- 6.4 Material Standards Conformance -- 6.5 Tolerances -- 6.6 Surface Coatings -- 6.7 Inspection During Manufacture -- 6.8 Receiving and Shipping -- 6.9 Rejection -- 6.10 Full-Scale Structure Testing -- 6.11 Installation, Inspection, and Maintenance -- 7. ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 FRP Poles -- 7.2.1 Storage -- 7.2.2 Handling -- 7.2.3 Transportation.
7.2.4 Assembly -- 7.2.5 Joint Assembly -- 7.2.6 Framing -- 7.2.7 Field Drilling -- 7.2.8 Cutting -- 7.2.9 Erection -- 7.2.10 Climbing -- 7.3 FRP Foundations -- 8. ATTACHMENTS -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Attachments -- 8.2.1 Attachment Components -- 8.2.2 Guying/Tension Attachments -- 8.2.3 FRP Guy Wire Anchor -- 8.2.4 Bearing Plate -- 8.2.5 Strap-Style Pole Band -- 8.2.6 Link-Style Pole Band -- 8.2.7 Washers -- 8.2.8 Climbing Hardware -- 8.2.9 Shield Wire Supports -- 8.2.10 Post Insulator Gain Bases (Mounting Brackets) -- 8.2.11 Base Plates -- 8.2.12 Conical Top Cap -- 8.2.13 Flat Top Cap -- 8.2.14 Rock Mounts -- 8.2.15 Pole ID Tag -- 8.2.16 Bonding/Grounding Hardware -- 8.2.17 Crossarm Mounting Brackets -- 8.3 Attachment Hardware Assemblies -- 9. IN-SERVICE CONSIDERATIONS -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Factors Influencing Performance of FRP Materials -- 9.2.1 Environment -- 9.2.2 Mechanical Fatigue -- 9.2.3 Electrical Stress and Leakage Current -- 9.3 Field Inspection -- 9.3.1 Visual Inspection -- 9.3.2 Tap Test -- 9.3.3 Other Tests -- 9.4 Repair Options -- 9.4.1 Take No Action -- 9.4.2 Repair in the Field -- 9.4.3 Component Replacement -- Appendix A. GLOSSARY -- Appendix B. BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Appendix C. SUGGESTED MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES -- Appendix D. LOADING REQUIREMENTS FOR FRC POLES UTILIZED IN OTHER THAN UTILITY LINE APPLICATIONS -- Appendix E. COMMENTARY -- INDEX.
Matières plastiques renforcées avec des fibres
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