| Summary: | This video presents the latest techniques in internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap surgery for the repair of macular holes. After explanation of essential background and surgical instrumentation, the surgical approach in the context of different eye conditions is illustrated. The video first describes how to create a flap and cover the macular hole with and without removal of the ILM from the macula, the latter approach being appropriate when the macular hole is small. Then, the technique in the challenging scenario of macular hole retinal detachment is shown, focusing on two patients who underwent ILM flap surgery with and without retinotomy. In each case, key steps are described in sequence and guidance is provided on the avoidance of pitfalls. The video will be ideal viewing for the retinal surgeon who has experience of conventional ILM peeling and now wishes to perform ILM flap surgery.
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