http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Engineering karstology of dams and reservoirs
"Karst terrains have been modified and adapted through a range of human activities as the need for flood control, irrigation, food production, hydropower production and other resourceshasincreased. Successful reclamation projects require construction of dams and reservoirs. Karst terrains present the most complex working conditions for dam foundation and realization of safe reservoir space. Practical engineering solutions are extremely complex and the need for successful solution requires serious investigations and the cooperation of a wide spectrum of scientists and engineers. A wealth of data on dam projects in karst has been collected and presented in this book. Since reservoirs in karst may fail to fill despite extensive investigations and remediation treatment the book includes a description of failures as well."--Provided by publisher.
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1. General Introduction -- 1.1 Karst And Engineering -- 1.2 Distribution Of Karst -- 1.3 Types Of Karst -- 1.4 Introduction To Engineering Karstology -- 1.5 Dams And Reservoirs In Karst -- 1.5.1 Historical Review -- 1.5.2 Failures, Risk And Hazard -- Chapter 2. Characterization Of Karst Aquifers -- 2.1 Karstification -- 2.2 Specific Structural Features Of Karst Porosity -- 2.3 Role Of Erosion And Evorsion In Karst Features Development -- 2.4 Depth Of Karstification -- 2.5 Hydrogeological Properties Of Karst Aquifer -- 2.5.1 General Hydrogeological Properties -- 2.5.2 The Base Of Karstification -- 2.5.3 The Evolution Of Karst Aquifers -- Epigene And Hypogene -- Karstification 2.5.4 The Hydrogeological Hierarchy Of Groundwater Flows In Karst -- 2.5.5 Hydrogeological Zoning Of Karst Aquifers -- 2.5.6 Epikarst -- 2.5.7 Dynamics Of Air Flow In The Aeration Zone -- 2.5.8 Hydraulic Properties Of Karst Water Flow -- 2.5.9 Complexity Of Karst Aquifers -- 2.5.10 The Origin Of Deep Karst Aquifers As Consequences Of Coupled -- Cold/thermal Flows 2.6 Karst Features Relevant To Dam Geology -- 2.6.1 Springs -- 2.6.2 Ponors (swallow Holes) -- 2.6.3 Estavelles -- 2.7 Turbidity -- Chapter 3. The Regional Approach To Select Proper Sites For Dams And -- Reservoirs 3.1 The Karst Types -- Engineering Approach -- 3.2 Geomorphological Properties -- 3.3 Storage Properties Of Valleys And Karst Depressions -- Poljes -- 3.4 Importance Of Lithological And Geological Structures -- 3.5 The Hydrogeological Role Of The Base Of Karstification -- Chapter 4. Specific Methods Of Investigation In Karst -- 4.1 Karst Nature -- Needs For Specific Investigations -- 4.2 Properties Of Discontinuities -- 4.3 Piezometers And The Groundwater Regime -- 4.4 Geophysical Methods -- 4.5 Tracer Techniques.
4.5.1 Dye Tracers -- 4.5.2 Radioactive Isotopes -- 4.5.3 Common Salt -- 4.5.4 Post-activated Isotopes -- 4.5.5 Optical Brighteners -- 4.5.6 Spores -- 4.5.7 Smoke And Air -- 4.6 Speleology -- 4.7 Hydrological Investigations And Monitoring -- 4.7.1 Hydrological Properties -- 4.7.2 Simultaneous Hydrological Measurements -- Chapter 5. Methods To Determine The Permrability Of Dam -- Foundation And Reservoirs 5.1 Geological Settings Of Dam Sites And Reservoirs -- 5.2 Seepage Conditions In Karstified Rocks -- 5.3 Investigation Boreholes -- 5.4 Permeability Characteristics Derived From Pressure Tests And -- Groundwater Regime Analysis 5.5 Karstification And Hydraulic Conductivity -- 5.6 Adits (investigation Galleries, Drifts) -- Chapter 6. Waterproofing In Karst -- 6.1 General Aspects -- 6.2 Karst Features And Processes -- Sources Of Leakage -- 6.3 Underground Waterproofing -- 6.3.1 Waterproofing Structures -- 6.3.2 Determining The Grout Curtain Route -- 6.3.3 Grouting Galleries -- 6.3.4 Grout Curtains -- General Design Criteria -- 6.3.5 Exceptions In The Case Of Hypogene Karstification -- 6.3.6 The Final Layout Of The Grout Curtain -- 6.3.7 Grout Mix (suspension) -- 6.3.8 Grout Mix Penetration -- 6.3.11 Grout Mix Consumption -- 6.3.12 One, Two Row Or Multi-row Curtains? -- 6.3.13 Grout Curtain Depth -- 6.3.14 The Flushing Method -- 6.3.15 Grout Curtain Surface Areas -- 6.3.16 Treatment Of Caverns And Conduits -- 6.3.17 Design Criteria For The Treatment Of Caverns And Conduits -- 6.3.18 Treatment Procedures For Caverns -- 6.3.19 Plugging Underground Karst Water Flow -- 6.3.20 Groutability Of Clay-filled Caverns -- 6.3.21 Plugging Of Large Karst Channels And Caverns -- Overview -- 6.3.22 Cut-off Diaphragm Structures (piles, Overlapping Piles, -- Trenches, Mine Structures) 6.3.23 Drainage Of Dam Foundations And Grout Curtains In Karst -- 6.3.10 Grouting Pressures.
6.3.9 Groutability -- 6.4 Surface Waterproofing -- 6.4.1 Damming Ponors And Estavelles -- 6.4.2 Dynamic Compaction And Clay Blanket -- 6.4.3 Grouting Carpet (consolidation) -- 6.4.4 Shotcrete -- 6.4.5 Reinforced Concrete Slabs -- 6.4.6 Geomembranes -- 6.4.7 Dental Treatments -- 6.4.8 The Destructive Role Of Air-hammer And Water-hammer Effects -- Chapter 7. Dams And Reservoirs Construction On Evaporites -- 7.1 Evaporites -- Risky Environment For Dam Construction -- 7.2 Evaporites -- General Characteristics -- 7.3 List Of Dams And Reservoirs In Evaporites With Construction Problems -- 7.4 Selected Case Studies -- Chapter 8. Underground Dams And Reservoirs -- 8.1 Underground Dams -- New Challenges -- 8.2 General Geological Properties Prerequisite For Underground Dam -- Installation 8.3 Selected Case Studies -- Chapter 9. Modeling In Karst -- 9.1 Modelling And Its Limitation In Engineering Karstology -- 9.2 Physical Models Of Karst Aquifer -- 9.3 Modeling Disturbances Of Natural Flow Regimes Due To -- Construction Of Reservoirs 9.4 Modeling The Consequences Of Dam Construction On Processes -- Of Karstification -- Chapter 10. Leakage From Reservoirs-a Common Problem In Karst -- 10.1 The Leakage -- Key Problem In Engineering Karstology -- 10.1.1 Dams With High Leakage -- 10.2 Case Studies Of Leakage As A Consequence Of Progressive -- Erosion And Dissolution 10.3 Collapses (sinkholes) As Consequences Of Reservoir Operation -- 10.4 Acceptable Leakage -- Chapter 11. Engineering And The Environmental Impact Of Dams And Reservoirs -- In Karst 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Impact On Regional Regime Of Surface And Groundwater -- 11.3 Impact On Subterranean And Terrestrial Fauna And Archeological -- Material 11.4 Submergence Of Large Karst Springs By Reservoirs -- 11.5 Reservoir Bank Storage -- 11.6 Karst-triggered Seismicity.
Chapter 12. Trans-boundary Problems And Groundwater Protection -- 12.1 A Simplified Model Of Trans-boundary Aquifers In Karst -- 12.2 Trans-boundary Problems Common In Karst -- 12.3 The Questions That Arise -- 12.4 Groundwater Protection Zoning In Karst -- A Conceptual Model -- Chapter 13. A Catalog Of Selected Dams And Reservoirs In Karst -- 13.1 A List Of Dams Known To Be Constructed In Karstified Rocks -- 13.2 List Of Dams With Problems Due To Large Caverns Or Hypogene -- Karstification 13.3 Dams With Successful Waterproofing During Construction -- 13.4 Case Studies With Successful Corrective Works -- 13.5 Dams With Unsuccessful Or Partially Successful Remedial Works -- 13.6 Redesigned Anti-leakage Structures -- 13.7 Dams And Reservoirs With Acceptable Seepage Losses -- 13.8 Dams That Were Displaced, Abandoned Or Have Limited Use -- 13.9 Reservoir Failures After Many Years Of Operation -- 13.10 Dams Under Design Or Construction -- 13.11 Abandoned Sites, Redesigned Or Temporary Frozen Projects -- 13.12 Tailings Dams And Ponds In Karst -- 13.13 Dams For Submerged Spring Tapping -- 13.13.1 Kiveri-anavalos Marine Dam -- 13.13.2 Bolje Sestre Spring -- References -- Index -- About The Author.
Includes bibliographical references and index.