http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Load flow optimization and optimal power flow
"This book discusses the major aspects of load flow, optimization, optimal load flow, and culminating in modern heuristic optimization techniques and evolutionary programming. In the deregulated environment, the economic provision of electrical power to consumers requires knowledge of maintaining a certain power quality and load flow. Many case studies and practical examples are included to emphasize real-world applications. The problems at the end of each chapter can be solved by hand calculations, without having to use computer software. The appendices are devoted to calculations of line and cable constants and solutions to the problems included throughout the book."--Provided by publisher
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface to Volume 2: Load Flow Optimization and Optimal Power Flow -- Author -- 1. Load Flowâ#x80;#x94;Fundamental Concepts -- 1.1 Security Assessments -- 1.2 Control Actions -- 1.3 Consumer Loads -- 1.3.1 Maximum Demand -- 1.3.2 Load Factor -- 1.3.3 Diversity Factor -- 1.4 Load Types -- 1.4.1 Load Characteristics -- 1.5 Effect on Equipment Sizing -- 1.6 Regression Analysis -- 1.6.1 Linear Trend -- 1.6.2 Exponential Trend -- 1.7 Curve Fittingâ#x80;#x94;Least Square Line
1.8 Load Estimation and Projection in Distribution Systems1.8.1 Small-Area Forecasting -- 1.8.2 Spatial Forecast Methods -- 1.9 Load Forecasting Methods -- 1.9.1 Analytical Methods: Trending -- 1.9.2 Spatial Trending -- 1.9.3 Multivariate Trending -- 1.9.4 Land-Use Simulations -- 1.9.5 Nonanalytical Methods -- 1.10 Iterative Nature of Load Flow Problem -- References -- 2. Automatic Generation and Frequency Controlâ#x80;#x94;AGC and AFC -- 2.1 Fundamental Concepts -- 2.2 Control Centers -- 2.2.1 Scheduling and Forecasting -- 2.2.1.1 Hourly Interchange
2.2.1.2 Unit Commitment2.2.1.3 Transmission and Generator Maintenance Scheduling -- 2.3 Controls in Real Time -- 2.3.1 AGC and LFC -- 2.3.2 System Monitoring -- 2.3.3 Performance Analysis -- 2.3.4 Operating Constraints -- 2.3.5 Direct Control -- 2.4 Past Data Logging -- 2.5 Deregulated Market -- 2.5.1 Auction-Based Mechanism -- 2.5.1.1 Transmission Reliability Margin -- 2.5.1.2 Capacity Benefit Margin -- 2.6 Load-Frequency Control -- 2.6.1 Single Generator with Isochronous Governor -- 2.6.2 Two (or Multiple) Generators with Isochronous Governor
2.6.3 Supplementary Constant Frequency Control2.7 Interconnected System Control -- 2.8 Tie-Line Bias Control -- 2.9 Practical Implementation of AGC -- 2.9.1 Performance Criteria -- 2.9.2 AGC and EDC -- 2.9.3 Smooth ACE -- 2.9.4 Response Times -- 2.9.5 Time Deviation -- 2.9.6 Speed Governor Dead Band -- 2.10 Under Frequency Load Shedding -- 2.11 Transient Response -- Problems -- Bibliography -- 3. Load Flow over AC Transmission Lines -- 3.1 Power in AC Circuits -- 3.1.1 Complex Power -- 3.1.2 Conservation of Energy -- 3.2 Power Flow in a Nodal Branch
3.2.1 Simplifications of Line Power Flow3.2.2 Voltage Regulation -- 3.3 ABCD Constants -- 3.4 Transmission Line Models -- 3.4.1 Medium Long Transmission Lines -- 3.4.2 Long Transmission Line Model -- 3.4.3 Reflection Coefficient -- 3.4.4 Lattice Diagrams -- 3.4.5 Infinite Line -- 3.4.6 Surge Impedance Loading -- 3.4.7 Wavelength -- 3.5 Tuned Power Line -- 3.6 Ferranti Effect -- 3.6.1 Approximate Long Line Parameters -- 3.7 Symmetrical Line at No Load -- 3.8 Illustrative Examples -- 3.9 Circle Diagrams -- 3.10 Modal Analysis
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force. WlAbNL
Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017