http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Search heuristics for digitized news archives
This case study is concerned with methods for finding often hard-to-find visual material in digitized newspaper archives. In 2005, I started research on a monograph, The Infographic: A History of Data Graphics in News and Communications, concerned with how infographics have informed the public through history. At the time, this was an underexplored field, and so my data gathering was largely an exploratory exercise. Here, I will set out a series of four problems that gave rise to an initial set of orienting decisions that in turn helped to frame the research design in this project. These were to do with definitions, existing literatures (particularly sociologies and histories of newspapers), technological affordances (how digital archives are used in different contexts, rather than how they may be used), and the practicalities of professional, academic research. I will then outline how each of these decisions (which in turn guided my assumptions) shifted as I began the process of putting my research design into practice, using a range of methods in data gathering. I conclude by exploring the problems I encountered, and both how I attempted to overcome them, and what I subsequently learned from the process of doing research, before setting out a framework of techniques (or heuristics) that may be used for more effective and efficient research into any type of visual ephemera stored in digitized newspaper archives.
Electronic information resource searching
SAGE research methods: doing research online