http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Fundamentals of wind farm aerodynamic layout design
Front Cover -- Fundamentals of Wind Farm Aerodynamic Layout Design -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Wind energy -- 1.1 History of wind turbines -- 1.2 Pros and cons of wind energy -- 1.3 Trend of wind energy in the world -- 1.4 Wind turbine types -- 1.4.1 Horizontal-axis wind turbine -- 1.4.2 Vertical-axis wind turbine -- 1.5 Wind turbine components -- 1.5.1 Blades, hub, and low-speed shaft -- 1.5.2 Generator -- 1.5.3 Gearbox and high-speed shaft -- 1.5.4 Tower -- 1.5.5 Yaw systems -- 1.5.6 Anemometer -- 1.5.7 Brakes -- 1.5.8 Fluctuation monitoring systems -- 1.5.9 Lubrication system -- 1.5.10 Foundation -- 1.5.11 Other components -- 1.6 Summary -- 1.7 Problems -- References -- 2 Wind properties and power generation -- 2.1 Atmospheric properties -- 2.1.1 Global wind direction -- 2.1.2 Turbulence -- 2.1.3 Variation of wind with height -- 2.2 Statistical study of wind -- 2.2.1 Mean and variance -- 2.2.2 Probability -- 2.2.2.1 Weibull probability density function -- 2.2.3 Wind rose chart -- 2.3 Wind power -- 2.3.1 Power of a wind element -- 2.3.2 Power of an ideal turbine, actuator disc model -- 2.3.3 Betz's limit -- 2.4 Efficiency of wind turbine components -- 2.4.1 Efficiency of blades or coefficient of performance -- 2.4.2 Efficiency of gearbox -- 2.4.3 Efficiency of generator -- 2.4.4 Overall efficiency -- 2.5 Yearly gained energy of a wind turbine -- 2.6 The capacity factor of a wind turbine -- 2.7 Summary -- 2.8 Problems -- References -- 3 Basics of aerodynamics -- 3.1 Airfoils -- 3.1.1 NACA series -- 3.1.2 NREL -- 3.1.3 Other types -- 3.2 Aerodynamic forces on an airfoil -- 3.3 Aerodynamic forces on a blade -- 3.4 Generated vortex behind a wind turbine -- 3.5 Blade element method -- 3.6 Blades with different airfoils -- 3.7 Simulation of wind turbines -- 3.7.1 Stall-regulated wind turbines -- 3.7.2 Pitch-controlled wind turbines.
6.5 Simulation example -- 6.5.1 Numerical model -- 6.5.2 Computational domain -- 6.5.3 Boundary conditions -- 6.5.4 Grid sensitivity -- 6.5.5 Results -- 6.6 Summary -- 6.7 Problems -- References -- 7 Numerical simulation of a wind farm -- 7.1 Wind farm layout generation -- 7.1.1 Automatic layout generation -- 7.1.2 Upstream velocity -- 7.2 Simulation example: Horns Rev offshore wind farm -- 7.2.1 Numerical settings -- 7.2.2 Boundary conditions -- 7.2.3 Computational domain and mesh study -- 7.2.4 Results -- 7.2.4.1 Induction factor and load distribution -- 7.2.4.2 Velocity contours -- 7.2.4.3 Turbulence models -- 7.3 Summary -- 7.4 Problems -- References -- 8 Optimization for wind farm layout design -- 8.1 Optimization algorithms -- 8.2 Cost function and constraints -- 8.3 Coupling of optimization methods and wake models -- 8.4 Some worked examples -- 8.4.1 Optimization for a constant-direction wind -- 8.4.2 Optimization for a real case -- 8.4.3 Optimization of a 4x4 wind farm -- 8.5 Applying additional constraints -- 8.6 Summary -- 8.7 Problems -- References -- A Ancient Persian wind turbines -- References -- B Wind turbine airfoils -- B.1 NACA families -- B.2 FFA family -- B.3 Risø family -- B.4 DU family -- B.5 FX family -- B.6 NREL family -- B.7 Summary -- References -- C Some wind turbine specifications -- C.1 Enercon E-16 -- C.2 Enercon E-18 -- C.3 Nordtank NTK 150 -- C.4 Nordtank NTK 200 -- C.5 Vestas V27 -- C.6 Vestas V29 -- C.7 Micon M 530 -- C.8 Enercon E-30 -- C.9 Nordtank NTK 400 -- C.10 Vestas V39 -- C.11 Nordtank NTK 500/41 -- C.12 Vestas V44 -- C.13 Enercon E-40/6.44 -- C.14 Wincon W755/48 -- C.15 Vergnet GEV HP 1000/62 -- C.16 Siemens SWT-1.3-62 -- C.17 Vestas V80 2 MW -- C.18 Vestas V90 2 MW -- C.19 Eno Energy Eno 100 -- C.20 Siemens SWT-2.3-93 Offshore -- C.21 Mapna MWT2.5-103-I -- C.22 Siemens SWT-4.0-130.
C.23 Siemens SWT-6.0-154 -- C.24 Aerodyn-8.0MW -- C.25 AMSC wt10000dd SeaTitan -- C.26 Summary -- References -- D Sample wind farms -- D.1 A 4-in-a-row wind farm -- D.2 A 4x4 wind farm -- D.3 Horns Rev wind farm -- D.4 Aghkand wind farm in Iran -- References -- E Optimization methods -- E.1 Crow search algorithm -- E.2 Whale optimization algorithm -- E.3 Teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm -- E.4 Particle swarm optimization algorithm -- E.5 Genetic algorithm -- E.6 Summary -- References -- F Implementing optimization methods in C++ -- F.1 Genetic algorithm (GA) -- F.2 Particle swarm optimization (PSO) -- G Implementing blade element momentum method in C -- Index -- Back Cover.