http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
"The recent rampant global problem of the rampant spread of disinformation in and through the digital ecosystem can perhaps be traced directly to the technological changes in the realm of media production, circulation and consumption. As media tools have become commonplace and user-friendly, the utopian dream of critical media scholarship that sought to democratize speech seems closer to reality than ever before. Alongside this process, the simultaneous decline of editorial authority of traditional media organizations has led to the rise of practices such as citizen journalism that have provided checks and balances to fill in the gaps in coverage of dominant top-down media institutions. Additionally, as users have gradually appropriated the available tools of media production, they have done so for various subversive ends including a now thriving global culture of parody, satire and critique (Wasserman 2020; Kumar 2015) using existing genres and formats to challenge dominant media texts, institutions and discourses. Often adopting the format of the very texts they seek to critique, parodic texts such as news reports and analysis don't fit the category of misinformation as they openly reveal their fake nature, even if towards the end"--
Section 1 -- Histories, Theories, and Methods -- 1 Contextualizing Fake News: Can Online Falsehoods Spread Fast When Internet Is Slow? -- 2 Disinformation in Arab Media: Cultural Histories and Political Dynamics -- 3 Manipulated Facts and Spreadable Fantasies: Battles Over History in the Indian Digital Sphere -- 4 Research Methods in Comparative Disinformation Studies -- Section 2 -- Cultures of Disinformation -- 5 Noise in Kinshasa: Ethnographic Notes on the Meanings of Mis- and Disinformation in a Post-Colonial African City -- 6 Aliens, Spies, and Staged Vandalism: Disinformation in the 2019 Protests in Chile -- 7 Encountering and Correcting Misinformation on WhatsApp: The Roles of User Motivations and Trust in Messaging Group Members -- 8 Rumor Debunking as a Propaganda and Censorship Strategy in China: The Case of the COVID-19 Outbreak -- 9 Media System Incentives for Disinformation: Exploring the Relationships Between Institutional Design and Disinformation Vulnerability -- 10 Lies, Damned Lies, and Development: Why Statistics and Data Can No Longer Confront Disinformation in the Global South -- Section 3 -- Responses: Southern Perspectives -- 11 Online Misinformation: Policy Lessons from the Global South -- 12 Responses to Misinformation: Examining the Kenyan Context -- 13 How Three Mission-Driven News Organizations in the Global South Combat Disinformation Through Investigation, Innovation, Advocacy, and Education
edited by Herman Wasserman, Dani Madrid-Morales.
Includes bibliographical references and index.