Soils as a key component of the critical zone. 3, Soils and water circulation /
This book invites the reader to look differently at two seemingly mundane resources: soil and water. Water possesses extraordinary properties which form the foundations of life itself. Without water, there would be no life, and without soils, no terrestrial life. The interaction between soils and wa...
| Other Authors: | |
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London : Hoboken, NJ :
ISTE Ltd ; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
2018.
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| Series: | Geosciences series. Soil set ;
v. 3. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to the full text of this electronic book |
Table of Contents:
- Cover; Half-Title Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Introduction; 1. Physico-chemistry of the Soil-Water System; 1.1. The abnormal properties of water; 1.1.1. The thermodynamic properties of pure water; 1.1.2. The stability field of water according to the pH and pe; 1.2. Properties of the water molecule; 1.2.1. Geometry of the isolated water molecule; 1.2.2. Water molecular orbitals; 1.2.3. The first greenhouse gas: water; 1.3. Pure liquid water; 1.3.1. Dispersion forces; 1.3.2. Hydrogen bonds; 1.3.3. Associations of water molecules
- 1.3.4. The contribution of the density functional theory1.3.5. A new vision for liquid water; 1.4. Solutions properties; 1.4.1. Goldschmidt's ionic potential; 1.4.2. The pseudoconcept of base cation; 1.4.3. Jolivet's model of partial charges; 1.4.4. Application of the partial charge model to cations forms in water; 1.4.5. The hydrophobic interaction and the biological role of water; 1.4.6. The osmotic potential; 1.4.7. The Gibbs-Duhem equation; 1.4.8. The activity of dissolved salts; 1.4.9. Activity coefficients; 1.5. Calculation of activity coefficients; 1.5.1. The Debye-Hückel theories
- 1.5.2. Pitzer's model1.5.3. The specific interactions theory; 1.5.4. Practical implementation of models of calculation of activity coefficients; 1.5.5. Application examples of activity calculations; 1.5.6. Another approach: the lattice model; 1.6. The matric potential; 1.7. Osmotic potential and matric potential; 1.8. Interaction with solid surfaces; 1.9. Soil and microenvironment heterogeneity; 1.10. Appendix: conditions for water stability; 1.10.1. Water stability in acidic medium; 1.10.2. Acidobasic neutrality; 1.10.3. Water stability according to redox conditions
- 1.10.4. Water redox neutrality1.11. Bibliography; 2. Soil Wettability; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Substrate wettability; 2.2.1. Contact angle; 2.2.2. Surface tension; 2.2.3. Laplace pressure; 2.2.4. Young-Dupré equation; 2.2.5. Spreading parameter; 2.3. Diffuse interface; 2.3.1. Disjoining pressure; 2.3.2. Pseudopartial wetting; 2.4. Wetting dynamics; 2.4.1. Paradox of the triple line; 2.4.2. Contact angle hysteresis; 2.4.3. Front instability; 2.5. Capillarity; 2.5.1. Capillary length; 2.5.2. Capillary height and Jurin's law; 2.5.3. Capillary pressure; 2.5.4. Darcy-Richards' equation
- 2.6. Soil wettability: beyond capillarity2.6.1. Hydrophobic soils; 2.6.2. Wettability of a porous medium; 2.6.3. Preferential flow genesis in micropores; 2.7. Conclusion; 2.8. Bibliography; 3. Water Uptake by Plants; 3.1. Introduction; 3.1.1. A system with two main actors subjected to climate; 3.1.2. Water flow from the soil up to the root collar of the plant is subjected to physical laws; 3.1.3. Analysis of processes and their synthesis using simulation models; 3.2. The cohesion-tension theory; 3.3. Soil roles; 3.3.1. Water storage and retention in soil 3.3.2. Water transport in the soil: notions of water potential and hydraulic conductivity