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A theoretically rich, nuanced history of Islam and Islamic civilization with a unique sociological component. This major new reference work offers a complete historical and theoretically informed view of Islam as both a religion and a sociocultural force. Uniquely comprehensive, it surveys and discusses the transformation of Muslim societies in different eras and various regions, providing a broad narrative of the historical development of Islamic civilization. This text explores the complex and varied history of the religion and its traditions. It provides an in-depth study of the diverse ways through which the religious dimension at the core of Islamic traditions has led to a distinctive type of civilizational process in history. The book illuminates the ways in which various historical forces have converged and crystallized in institutional forms at a variety of levels, embracing social, religious, legal, political, cultural, and civic dimensions. Together, the team of internationally renowned scholars move from the genesis of a new social order in 7th-century Arabia, right up to the rise of revolutionary Islamist currents in the 20th century and the varied ways in which Islam has grown and continues to pervade daily life in the Middle East and beyond. This book is essential reading for students and academics in a wide range of fields, including sociology, history, law, and political science. It will also appeal to general readers with an interest in the history of one of the world's great religions.
Part I. Late antique beginnings (till ca. 661). Agrarian, commercial, and pastoralist dynamics in the Pre-Islamic Irano-Semitic civilizational area -- Imperial contests and the Arabs : the world of late antiquity on the eve of Islam -- Pre-Islamic patterns of social organization and cultural expression in West Central Arabia -- Muhammad's movement and leadership -- Part II. The high caliphate (ca. 661-946). The trajectory of the high caliphate : Expansion and contraction -- Developments within the religious sciences during the rise and decline of empire -- Shi'is, Sufis, and popular saints -- Contested fields, knowledge mobility, and discipline crystallization -- Part III. The earlier middle period (ca. 946-1258). Cosmopolitan expansion and the fragmentation of governance -- Scholarship, speculative thought, and the consolidation of Sunni authority -- Alternative patterns of legitimacy : Sunni-Shi'i debates on political leadership -- The crystallization and expansiveness of Sufi networks within the urban-rural-nomadic nexus of the Islamic ecumene -- Part IV. The later middle period (ca. 1258-1453). Pax Mongolica and its impact on patterns of governance -- Religious knowledge between scholarly conservatism and commoners' agency -- The consolidation of Sunni and Shi'i legitimacies -- Organizational patterns and developments within Sufi communities -- Part V. Early modernity and civilizational apogee (ca. 1453-1683). Early modern Islamicate empire : new forms of religiopolitical legitimacy -- The 'Ulama' as ritual specialists : cosmic knowledge and political rituals -- New sociopolitical formations and the 'renaissance' of philosophy -- The apogee and consolidation of Sufi teachings and organizational forms -- Part VI. Facing the global rise of European power (ca. 1683-1882). Global transformations in the 'Muslim world' : connections, crises, and reforms -- Intellectual creativity in a time of turmoil and transition -- Islamicate knowledge systems : circulation, rationality, and politics -- From saints and renewers to Mahdis and proto-nationalists -- Part VII. Colonial subjection and postcolnial developments (ca. 1882-present). Struggles for independence : colonoial and postcolonial orders -- The 'Ulama' : challenges, reforms, and new patterns of social relevance -- The role of intellectuals within late-colonial and postcolonial public spheres -- The sociopolitical entanglements of Sufism.
edited by Armando Salvatore ; associate editors, Roberto Tottoli, Babak Rahimi ; assistant editors, M. Fariduddin Attar, Naznin Patel.
Includes bibliographical references and index.