Table of Contents:
  • Table of Contents
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1. Reservoirs and Energy Production
  • Hydroelectric Generation
  • The Future of Hydroelectric Production on Reservoirs
  • Thermal Generation
  • The Future of Thermal Energy Production on Reservoirs
  • 1.2. Uses of Report
  • 1.3. References
  • 2. Regulatory Framework
  • 2.1. Authorizations
  • 2.2. Regulatory Emphasis
  • 2.3. Procedural Emphasis
  • 2.4. Water Quantity and Use Issues
  • 2.5. Water Quality Impairment Lists and Pollution Allocation Issues
  • 2.6. Standards and Criteria
  • 2.7. Impairment Determination
  • 2.8. Total Maximum Daily LoadsElements of A TMDL and Schedules
  • TMDL Issues Related to Reservoir Water Quality
  • Pollutant Allocations and TMDL Implementation
  • 2.9. Fish and Wildlife Issues
  • 2.10. Effects of Operations on Wildlife And Fisheries
  • Fish Passage Issues
  • Entrainment and Impingement Issues
  • 2.11. Water Quality and Flow
  • 2.12. Endangered Species Act Issues (ESA)
  • 2.13. Biocriteria
  • 2.14. FERC Licensing Issues
  • 2.15. Federal Power Act Provisions
  • FPA Section 4(E), Equal Consideration Standard
  • FPA Section 10(A)(1) Comprehensive Development StandardFPA Section 10(J)
  • FPA Section 30(C)
  • FPA Section 18
  • FPA Section 31 (A)
  • 2.16. Other Applicable Laws and Statutes
  • National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
  • Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (FWCA)
  • National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
  • Endangered Species Act (ESA)
  • Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (WSRA) and the CEQ procedures
  • Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) â€? 1972
  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
  • Clean Water Act (CWA)
  • 2.17. Other Regulatory Issues
  • 2.18. References3. Fundamental Water Quality Processes
  • 3.1 Types of Reservoirs
  • Mainstem Reservoirs
  • Storage Reservoirs
  • Transition Reservoirs
  • 3.2 Reservoir Zones
  • Riverine Zone
  • Transition Zone
  • Lacustrine Zone
  • 3.3 Reservoir Hydrodynamics
  • 3.4 Water Properties
  • 3.5 Reservoir Stratification
  • 3.6 Reservoir Heat Sources and Sinks
  • 3.7 Particle Settling and Transport
  • 3.8 Light and Heat Penetration
  • 3.9 Dissolved Oxygen in Stratified Reservoirs
  • 3.10 Anoxic Reservoir Processes
  • Deoxygenation
  • Denitrification
  • AmmonificationManganese Reduction
  • Iron Reduction
  • Sulfate Reduction
  • Acidification of Organics
  • Methane Formation
  • Anaerobic Summary
  • 3.11 Reservoir Discharge and Operational Effects
  • 3.12 Tailwater Quality
  • Tailwater Temperature
  • Tailwater Dissolved Oxygen
  • Tailwater Iron and Manganese Oxidation
  • Tailwater Nutrients and Other Materials
  • 3.13 References
  • 4. Numerical Hydrodynamic and Transport Models for Reservoirs
  • 4.1. Governing Equations for Mass, Momentum, Constituent Mass and Heat Conservation