http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
1 online resource (304 pages) : illustrations
This book begins with an introduction to bifacial solar cells and goes on to look at design, characterisation, reliability; energy yield prediction simulation models; PV systems and yield data (bifacial gain); levelized cost of PV-generated electricity; PV technologies market introduction and their bankability; geographic location and environmental conditions relating to bifacial gain; and prospects for the future.
Intro; Contents; Acknowledgements; About the authors; 1. Introduction (Radovan Kopecek and Joris Libal); 1.1 PV 2017 -- history, present and future; 1.1.1 PV becomes the most cost-effective electricity source; 1.1.2 What PV technology will win at the end?; 1.2 Bifacial PV 2018 -- history, present and future; 1.2.1 Short bifacial history; 1.2.2 Bifacial status; 1.2.3 Bifacial future; 1.2.4 Changing to cost per kWh thinking instead of cost per Wp mentality; 1.3 Bifacial book 2018; 1.3.1 Latest bifacial publications and presentations; 1.3.2 Chapters of our bifacial book; References.
2. Bifacial cells (Ingrid Romijn, Gaby Janssen, Thorsten Dullweber, Bas van Aken, Naftali Eisenberg, Lev Kreinin, Matthieu Despeisse, Valentin Mihailetchi, Jan Lossen, Wolfgang Jooss and Radovan Kopecek)2.1 Introduction; 2.2 History of bifacial cells (from 1960 to 2016); 2.3 Characteristics of bifacial cells; 2.3.1 Bifaciality factor; 2.3.2 Parameters influencing the bifaciality factor j; 2.3.3 Design of bifacial cells; 2.4 Characterization of bifacial cells; 2.4.1 Measuring bifacial cells; 2.4.2 IV measurements under bifacial irradiation; 2.5 Different types of bifacial solar cells.
2.5.1 Heterojunction solar cells2.5.2 n-PERT solar cells; 2.5.3 p-PERT solar cells; 2.5.4 p-PERCþ solar cells; 2.5.5 Bifacial back contact solar cells; 2.6 Industrial solar cell technology roadmap; 2.6.1 Industry status in 2017; 2.6.2 Solar cell technology predictions (ITRPV); References; 3. Bifacial modules: design options, characterisation and reliability (Andreas Schneider, Bas van Aken, Eric Gerritsen, Jai Prakash, Vahid Fakhfouri, Khoo Yong Sheng and Andreas Halm); 3.1 Bifacial PV modules: design and characterisation; 3.1.1 Design considerations for bifacial modules.
3.1.2 Cell-to-module loss analysis in bifacial PV modules3.2 Optical module design options with bifacial cells and light management; 3.2.1 Optical module design options with bifacial cells; 3.2.2 Light management in bifacial modules; 3.3 Electrical design and interconnect options with bifacial cells: half-cut cells, multi-busbar and multi-wire concepts; 3.3.1 Multi-busbar interconnection; 3.3.2 Half cells and smaller; 3.3.3 Shingles and other stacking options; 3.3.4 Interconnection of back-contact solar cells; 3.4 Characterisation of bifacial devices; 3.4.1 Bifacial I-V characterisation.
3.4.2 Imaging methods3.4.3 Outdoor measurements on single modules; 3.5 Modelling of bifacial modules; 3.5.1 Electrical models; 3.5.2 Thermal behaviour; 3.5.3 Optical modelling; 3.6 Reliability and durability of bifacial modules; 3.6.1 Effect of higher output current; 3.6.2 Heat management; 3.6.3 Selection of module materials for bifacial modules; 3.6.4 Discussion on current IEC 61215 testing and its suitability for bifacial modules; 3.6.5 General discussion on safety aspects; References.
edited by Joris Libal and Radovan Kopecek.
Includes bibliographical references and index.