Our plastic problem and how to solve it /
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| Corporate Author: | |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY :
Cambridge University Press,
2022.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Connect to the full text of this electronic book |
Table of Contents:
- Cover
- Half-title
- Title page
- Copyright information
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- List of Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Part I Plastic in the Environment
- 1 The Proliferation of Plastic
- I Three Examples: Islands, Oceans, and Mountains
- A A Remote Island
- B An Ocean Trench
- C A Mountaintop
- II A Brief History of Plastics in America
- A The First Plastics
- 1 Thermosetting and Thermosoftening Plastics
- B The Growth of an Industry
- C Emerging Concerns
- 2 Measuring Plastic: ''You Can't Manage What You Don't Measure''
- I Plastic Debris by Size
- II Plastic Debris by Origin
- A Intentional Releases
- B Unintentional Releases
- 1 Unsecured Landfills and Inadequate Infrastructure
- 2 Accidental Spills
- 3 Bathing and Washing Clothes
- C Conclusion
- III Quantifying Plastic Debris
- 3 Plastic as a Pollutant: A Revolutionary Material Becomes a Global Threat
- I The Plastic Degradation Process as a Potential Chemical Hazard
- II Harm to Sea and Land
- A Entanglement and Ingestion
- 1 Documented Harms
- 2 Drivers
- B Ecosystem Impacts
- C Harm to Humans
- D Harm to the Economy
- E Harm to the Climate
- III Conclusion
- Part II Multimodal Approaches to Solving Our Plastic Problem
- I Considerations: What, Where, Who, and How
- 4 Federal Efforts
- I Federal Agency Involvement
- II A Brief History
- III Recent and Proposed Laws and Regulations
- A A New Law: Microbead-Free Waters Act
- B Reauthorized Laws: The Marine Debris Research, Prevention, and Reduction Act and the Save Our Seas Acts
- 1 The Marine Debris Research, Prevention, and Reduction Act (MDRPRA or The Marine Debris Act)
- 2 Save Our Seas Act
- C Proposed Law: Break Free from Plastic Pollution Act
- IV Existing Laws and Regulations
- A Land-Based Sources: The Clean Water Act
- 1 An Overview
- 2 Who Needs a Permit?
- 3 Enforcement of CWA: EPA
- 4 Enforcement of CWA: Citizen Suits
- 5 CWA: Trash Free Water Grants
- B Land-Based Sources: The Clean Air Act
- C Land-Based Sources: Other Laws
- D Water-Based Sources: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (Ocean Dumping Act)
- E Water-Based Sources: The Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act (Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships)
- F Other Statutes
- V Conclusion
- 5 State and Local Efforts
- I Plastic Bans and Bottle Bills
- A Effectiveness
- B Opposition
- II COVID-19
- III Litigation
- IV Conclusion
- 6 International Efforts
- I Individual Nation-States and Nation-State Collectives
- A Southern Hemisphere: Bans
- B Northern Hemisphere: Taxes
- C European Union Directives
- II International Instruments Spur Domestic Action
- A Hard Law: Treaties
- 1 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
- 2 London Convention
- 3 MARPOL 73/78
- 4 Basel Convention
- B Soft Law: Voluntary Agreements and Campaigns
- 1 Global Partnership on Marine Litter and Clean Seas Campaign
- 2 Honolulu Strategy