Cardiorespiratory effects of the intravenous administration of ketamine-midazolam in awake and isoflurane-anesthetized dogs : a thesis /
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| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
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[College Station, Tex.] :
[publisher not identified],
[1990]
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| Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- ABSTRACT: Twelve healthy dogs were used to determine the cardiorespiratory effects of intravenous ketamine (10 mg/kg) and intravenous midazolam (0.5 mg/kg). Half of the dogs received the ketamine-midazolam as a bolus over 30 seconds and half of the dogs revceived the ketamine-midazolam as an infusion over 15 minutes. The cardiovascular effects of ketamine-midazolam were determined in the same dogs receiving the same treatment during isoflurane (1.8% end-tidal concentration) anesthesia with mechanical ventilation. Ketamine-midazolam produced good induction of anesthesia in all dogs. In awake dogs, ketamine-midazolam as a bolus or infusion produced minimal cardiorespiratory effects, except for significant (P<0.05) increases in heart rate and rate-pressure product. Mild respiratory depression occurred in the bolus group (P<0.05). Mild respiratory stimulation occurred in the infusion group, but this was not statistically significant. In isoflurane-anesthetized dogs, ketamine-midazolam as a bolus and an infusion caused significant (P<0.05) reductions in mean systemic blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, and rate-pressure product. The heart rate decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the infusion group. Although not statistically significant, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and mean right atrial pressure increased transiently in most dogs after ketamine-midazolam. One dog died following ketamine-midazolam bolus. The cardiovascular effects of ketamine-midozolam in the infusion group were less severe than that in the bolus group. The pH and base excess decreased significantly in the infusion group, although similar changes occurred in both groups. Four dogs were maintained with 1.8% end-tidal isoflurane to determine the temporal effects of isoflurane; these dogs did not receive ketamine-midazolam. There were significant (P<0.05) increases in heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, left and right ventricular stroke work indexes, and rate-pressure product over time.