Fishes of the Amazon and their environment : physiological and biochemical aspect /

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Val, Adalberto Luís
Other Authors: Almeida-Val, V. M. F. de (Vera M. F.), 1956-
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Berlin ; New York : Springer, [1995]
Series:Zoophysiology ; v. 32.
Subjects:
Table of Contents:
  • Introduction
  • Amazonian waters
  • Geological aspects of the basin
  • Dimensions of the region
  • Climate
  • Climate in the past and in the future
  • Precipitation
  • Solar radiation
  • Temperature
  • The Amazon basin
  • Division of the Amazon basin
  • Basin connections
  • Types of water
  • Chemical and physical characteristics of Amazon waters
  • The main rivers
  • Varzea and Igapo
  • Lakes
  • Annual flood cycle
  • Metabolism in Amazon waters
  • Recent modifications produced by the activities of man
  • Fish culture in the Amazon.
  • The Amazon ichthyofauna
  • Ichthyofauna composition
  • The Elasmobranchii
  • The dipneusti
  • The teleostei
  • Osteoglossiformes and clupeiformes
  • Ostariophysi
  • Paracanthopterygii and acanthopterygii
  • Feeding behaviour
  • What do the Amazonian fish eat
  • When and how much is eatern
  • Migratory cycles
  • Breeding patterns
  • Larval development
  • Communication
  • Evolutionary and genetic features
  • Karyotypes of fishes of the Amazon
  • Isozymes.
  • Lactate dehydrogenase
  • Malate dehydrogenase
  • Allozymes
  • Other proteins
  • Gas exchange
  • The obligatory air-breathers
  • The lungfish lepidosiren paradoxa
  • Arapaima gigas
  • Electrophorus electricus
  • Controversial points
  • The facultative air-breathers
  • Gills as air-breathing organs
  • The stomach and intestine as air-greathing organs
  • Swim bladder as an accessory air-breathing organ
  • Water-breathing
  • Avoiding low oxygen conditions
  • Skimming the water's surface
  • Improving oxygen transfer
  • The blood.
  • The erythrocytes
  • The hemoglobins
  • Blood levels and solubility of hemoglobins
  • Adjustments of hemoglobin proportions
  • Why so many hemoglobin fractions?
  • Methemoglobin levels
  • Oxygen affinity of hemoglobins
  • Effect of temperature on Hb-O2 affinity
  • The effect of phosphates on Hb-O2 affinity
  • Oxygen affinity of blood
  • The root effect
  • Intraerythrocytic phosphates
  • Ontogenetic changes in the red blood cell organic phosphate concentrations.
  • Effects of migration on intraerythrocytic NTP levels
  • Environmental factors affecting the red blood cell organic phosphate concentrations
  • Interactive effects
  • Effects of specific environmental conditions on gas transfer
  • Respiratory metabolism
  • Optimizing aerobic metabolism
  • Air-breathers versus water-breathers
  • Oxygen consumption
  • Enzyme-level adjustments
  • LDH isozymes: channelling pyruvate
  • Aerobic versus anaerobic pathways
  • Effects of hypoxia
  • Metabolites
  • Tissue metabolic regulation
  • Temperature effects
  • Isozyme thermostability.
  • Km versus temperature
  • Temperature and pH: combined effects
  • Q10
  • Thermal acclimation
  • Electrophoretic pattern
  • Km
  • Regulating Q10 values
  • Metabolic arrest
  • Lungfish estivation
  • Effects of specific environmental conditions
  • Accumulation end products
  • Lactate accumulation
  • Ammonia accumulation.