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|a 0323011276 (alk. paper)
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|c 1
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|b B525c 2000
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|a WG 102
|b B525c 2001
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| 100 |
1 |
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|a Berne, Robert M.,
|d 1918-2001.
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| 245 |
1 |
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|a Cardiovascular physiology /
|c Robert M. Berne, Matthew N. Levy.
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| 250 |
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|a Eighth edition.
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| 264 |
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1 |
|a St. Louis, MO :
|b Mosby,
|c [2001]
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| 264 |
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4 |
|c ©2001
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| 300 |
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|a xiv, 312 pages :
|b illustrations ;
|c 24 cm.
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| 336 |
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|a text
|2 rdacontent
|b txt
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| 337 |
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|a unmediated
|2 rdamedia
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| 338 |
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|a volume
|2 rdacarrier
|b nc
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| 490 |
1 |
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|a Mosby physiology monograph series
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| 504 |
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|a Includes bibliographical references and index.
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| 505 |
0 |
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|a The circuitry -- Electrical activity of the heart -- Cardiac action potentials consist of several phases -- Principal types of cardiac action potentials are the slow and fast types -- Ionic basis of the resting potential -- The fast response depends mainly on voltage-dependent sodium channels -- Ionic basis of the slow response -- Conduction in cardiac fibers depends on local circuit currents -- Conduction of the fast response -- Conduction of the slow response -- Cardiac excitability depends on the activation and inactivation of specific currents -- Fast response -- Slow response -- Effects of cycle length -- The heart generates its own pacemaking activity -- Sinoatrial node -- Ionic basis of automaticity -- Overdrive suppression -- Atrial conduction -- Atrioventricular conduction -- Ventricular conduction -- An impulse can travel around a reentry loop -- Afterdepolarizations lead to triggered activity -- Early afterdepolarizations -- Delayed afterdepolarizations -- Electrocardiography displays the spread of cardiac excitation -- Scalar electrocardiography -- Dysrhythmias occur frequently and constitute important clinical problems -- Altered sinoatrial rhythms -- Atrioventricular transmission blocks -- Premature depolarizations -- Ectopic tachycaridas -- Fibrillation -- The cardiac pump -- The gross and microscopic structures of the heart are uniquely designed for optimal function -- Myocardia cell -- The force of cardiac contraction is largely determined by the resting length of the myocardial fibers -- Excitation-contraction coupling is mediated mainly by calcium -- Preload and afterload are important in determining cardiac performance -- The cardiac chambers consist of two atria, two ventricles, and four valves -- Cardiac valves -- The pericardium is an epithelized fibrous sac that invests the heart -- The two major heart sounds are mainly produced by closure of the cardiac valves -- The sequential contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles constitute the cardiac cycle -- Ventricular systole -- Ventricular diastole -- The fick principle is used to determine cardiac output -- The indicator dilution technique is a useful method for measuring cardiac output -- Regulation of the heartbeat -- Heart rate is controlled mainly by the autonomic nerves -- Parasympathetic pathways -- Sympathetic pathways -- Higher centers also influence cardiac performance -- Heart rate can be regulated via the baroreceptor reflex -- The Bainbridge reflex and atrial receptors regulate heart rate -- A common cardiac dysrhythmia is induced by respiration -- Activation of the chemoreceptor reflex affects heart rate -- The ventricular receptor reflexes play a minor role in the regulation of heart rate -- Myocardial performance is regulated by intrinsic mechanisms -- The Frank-Starling mechanism is an important regulator of myocardial contractility -- Changes in heart rate affect contractile force -- Myocardial performance is regulated by nervous and humoral factors -- Nervous control -- Cardiac performance is also regulated by hormonal substances -- Hemodynamics -- Velocity of the bloodstream depends on blood flow and vascular area -- Blood flow depends on the pressure gradient -- Relationship between the pressure and flow depends on the characteristics of the conduits -- Resistance to flow -- Resistances in series and in parallel -- Flow may be laminar or turbulent -- Shear stress on the vessel wall -- Rheologic properties of blood -- The arterial system -- The hydraulic filter converts pulsatile flow to steady flow -- Arterial elasticity compensates for the intermittent flow delivered by the heart -- The arterial blood pressure is determined by physical and physiological factors -- Mean arterial pressure -- Cardiac output -- Peripheral resistance -- Pulse pressure -- Stroke volume -- Arterial compliance -- Total peripheral resistance and arterial diastolic pressure -- The pressure curves change in arteries at different distances from the heart -- Blood pressure is measured by a sphygmomanometer in human patients -- The microcirculation and lymphatics -- Functional anatomy -- Arterioles are the stopcocks of the circulation -- Capillaries permit the exchange of water, solutes, and gases -- The law of laplace explains why capillaries can withstand high intravascular pressures -- The endothelium plays an active role in regulating the microcirculation -- The endothelium plays a passive role in transcapillary exchange -- Diffusion is the most important means for water and solute transfer across the endothelium -- Diffusion of lipid-insoluble molecules is restricted to the pores -- Lipid-soluble molecules pass directly through the lipid membranes of the endothelium and the pores -- Capillary filtration is regulated by the hydrostatic and osmotic forces across the endothelium -- Balance of hydrostatic and osmotic forces -- The capillary filtration coefficient is a convenient method to estimate the rate of fluid movement across the endothelium -- Pinocytosis enables large molecules to cross the endothelium -- The lymphatics return the fluid and solutes that escape through the endothelium to the circulating blood -- The peripheral circulation and its control -- Contraction and relaxation of arteriolar vascular smooth muscle regulate peripheral blood flow -- Intrinsic (local) control of peripheral blood flow -- Autoregulation and the myogenic mechanism tend to keep blood flow constant in the face of changes in perfusion pressure -- The endothelium actively regulates blood flow -- Tissue metabolic activity is the main factor in the local regulation of blood flow -- Extrinsic control of peripheral blood flow is mediated mainly by the sympathetic nervous system -- Impulses arising in the medulla descend in the sympathetic nerves to increase vascular resistance -- Sympathetic nerves regulate the contractile state of resistance and capacitance vessels -- Parasympathetic nervous system only innervates blood vessels in the cranial and sacral regions of the body -- Epinephrine and norepinephrine are the main humoral factors that affect vascular resistance -- The vascular reflexes are responsible for rapid adjustments of blood pressure -- The peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated by decreases in blood oxygen tension and pH and by increases in carbon dioxide tension -- The central chemoreceptors are quite sensitive to changes in Paco₂ -- Other vascular reflexes -- Balance between extrinsic and intrinsic factors in regulation of peripheral blood flow -- Control of cardiac output: coupling of heart and blood vessels -- The vascular function curve relates central venous pressure to cardiac output -- Mathematical analysis of the vascular function curve -- Venous pressure depends on cardiac output -- Blood volume -- Venomotor tone -- Blood reservoirs -- Peripheral resistance -- Cardiac output and venous return are closely associated -- The heart and vasculature are coupled functionally -- Myocardial contractility -- Blood volume -- Peripheral resistance -- The right ventricle regulates not only pulmonary blood flow but also central venous pressure -- Heart rate has ambivalent effects on cardiac output -- Ancillary factors affect the venous system and cardiac output -- Gravity -- Muscular activity and venous valves -- Respiratory activity -- Artificial respiration -- Coronary circulation -- Functional anatomy of coronary vessels -- Coronary blood flow is regulated by physical, neural, and metabolic factors -- Physical factors -- Neural and neurohumoral factors -- Metabolic factors -- Cardiac oxygen consumption is a function of the work performed by the heart -- Cardiac efficiency -- Diminished coronary blood flow impairs cardiac function -- Coronary collateral vessels develop in response to impairment of coronary blood flow -- Special circulations -- Cutaneous circulation -- Skin blood flow is regulated mainly by the sympathetic nervous system -- Skin color depends on the volume and flow of blood in the skin and the amount of O₂ bound to hemoglobin -- Skeletal muscle circulation -- Regulation of skeletal muscle circulation is achieved by neural and local factors -- Cerebral circulation -- Local factors predominate over neural factors in the regulation of cerebral blood flow -- The pulmonary and systemic circulations are in series with each other -- Functional anatomy -- Pulmonary hemodynamics -- Regulation of the pulmonary circulation -- The renal circulation accounts for about 20% of the cardiac output -- Anatomy -- Renal hemodynamics -- The renal circulation is regulated mainly by intrinsic mechanisms -- The splanchnic circulation provides blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract, liver, spleen, and pancreas -- Intestinal circulation -- Hepatic circulation -- Fetal circulation -- Several changes occur in the circulatory system at birth -- Interplay of central and peripheral factors in the control of the circulation -- Exercise -- Mild-to-moderate exercise -- Severe exercise -- Postexercise recovery -- Limits of exercise performance -- Physical training and conditioning -- Hemorrhage -- Hemorrhage evokes compensatory and decompensatory effects on arterial blood pressure -- The compensatory mechanisms are neural and humoral -- The decompensatory mechanisms are mainly humoral, cardiac, and hematological -- The positive and negative feedback mechanisms interact.
|
| 650 |
|
2 |
|a Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena.
|
| 700 |
1 |
|
|a Levy, Matthew N.,
|d 1922-
|
| 830 |
|
0 |
|a Mosby physiology monograph series.
|
| 994 |
|
|
|a E0
|b TMV
|
| 999 |
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|a MARS
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| 999 |
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|a Texas A&M University
|b Rellis Campus
|c Joint Library Facility
|d Remote Storage
|t 0
|e WG 102 B525c 2001
|h National Library of Medicine classification
|i unmediated -- volume
|m 3238901662467
|
| 998 |
f |
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|a WG 102 B525c 2001
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